不同贮藏条件对杂交稻种子耐藏性的影响

以种子初始含水量、贮藏温度、包装方式和干燥剂有无等４因素为对象,研究了不同贮藏条件对杂交稻种子耐藏性的影响。结果表明,对杂交稻种子耐藏性的重要性为贮藏温度＞包装方式＞干燥剂＞种子原始水分含量。文中对各具体措施的效果进行了讨论,从中筛选了有利于杂交稻种子隔年贮藏安全的技术。     

Association analysis for detecting significant single nucleotide polymorphisms for phosphorus-deficiency tolerance at the seedling stage in soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr.]

Tolerance to low-phosphorus soil is a desirable trait in soybean cultivars. Previous quantitative trait locus (QTL) studies for phosphorus-deficiency tolerance were mainly derived from bi-parental segregating populations and few reports from natural population. The objective of this study was to detect QTLs that regulate phosphorus-deficiency tolerance in soybean using association mapping approach. Phosphorus-deficiency tolerance was evaluated according to five traits (plant shoot height, shoot dry weight, phosphorus concentration, phosphorus acquisition efficiency and use efficiency) comprising a conditional phenotype at the seedling stage. Association mapping of the conditional phenotype detected 19 SNPs including 13 SNPs that were significantly associated with the five traits across two years. A novel cluster of SNPs, including three SNPs that consistently showed significant effects over two years, that associated with more than one trait was detected on chromosome 3. All favorable alleles, which were determined based on the mean of conditional phenotypic values of each trait over the two years, could be pyramided into one cultivar through parental cross combination. The best three cross combinations were predicted with the aim of simultaneously improving phosphorus acquisition efficiency and use efficiency. These results will provide a thorough understanding of the genetic basis of phosphorus deficiency tolerance in soybean.     

75%甲嘧磺隆水分散粒剂防除非耕地杂草试验

应用75%甲嘧磺隆水分散粒剂对非耕地杂草进行防除试验。结果表明,试验剂量在45～75g/667m2范围内,防治效果达100%。     

禽呼肠孤病毒C-98分离株S3基因的克隆及序列分析

参考GenBank中禽呼肠孤病毒S3基因序列设计一对引物,以禽呼肠孤病毒内蒙古分离株(C-98)基因组RNA为模板,应用RT-PCR方法获得病毒的S3基因,并克隆到pMD19-T载体后测序。应用计算机软件将所测定序列与参考毒株ARV 176、ARV S1133、ARV 138的S3基因序列进行比较,核苷酸同源性分别为99.8%,99.6%,87.7%,推导其氨基酸同源性分别为99.5%,98.9%,94.8%。应用PHD程序和DNAStar软件,对S3基因所编码的σB蛋白结构进行预测,结果表明,σB蛋白为结构紧密的球状蛋白分子。     

我国高等学校审计制度变迁分析

新制度经济学中的制度变迁理论对我国高等学校审计制度变迁具有重大理论指导价值。在回顾历史的基础上,对我国高校审计制度供求变化进行分析,挖掘影响我国高等学校审计制度变迁的成因,提出我国高等学校审计制度的变迁方式将是强制性制度变迁和诱致性制度变迁相结合。改变以往只对制度进行静态研究和比较研究的传统方式,以动态的视角对我国高等学校审计制度进行研究,以期能对现阶段我国的高校审计改革提供有益的借鉴。     

Microbiological processes in gray forest soil treated with sewage sludge compost

The effect of compost made of sewage sludge and applied in dose up to 90 t/ha on the microbial biomass, soil respiration, nitrogen-fixing activity, and on the organic matter content and concentrations of toxic metals in the gray forest soil of a nursery forest garden was studied in a field experiment. It was found that the adverse effects of the compost components on the studied parameters of the microbial communities were not observed two years after the compost application; this fact suggested that the soil microbial community overcame the stress caused by this anthropogenic impact.     

Inter- and intraspecific variations of cadmium accumulation of 13 leafy vegetable species in a greenhouse experiment

Leafy vegetables are among the crop species that are most vulnerable to heavy metal pollution. This study investigated inter- and intraspecific variations of cadmium accumulation in 13 species with a total of 39 cultivars of leafy vegetables under two levels of soil Cd stress (1.5 and 7.7 mg kg (-1)). Intraspecific variations of shoot biomass and Cd concentration of the tested leafy vegetables were significantly larger than interspecific variations under both Cd treatments and were also more significantly correlated between two Cd stress levels when grouped by cultivar than grouped by species. These results indicate that cultivar is a more reliable taxa level for screening pollutant-safe leafy vegetables than species. Any screening for pollutant hypoaccumulator species, or other similar species-based concepts, without considering intraspecific variation should be avoided.     

古巴非洲猪瘟根除的经验与借鉴

1971年非洲猪瘟首次传入古巴并于当年根除,1980年再次传入并在一年内又被根除。古巴能快速根除非洲猪瘟,主要与防控专业委员会的及时成立,协作机制的快速建立;全面扑杀措施的快速实施,健康猪产品的合理利用;民间团队的积极参与以及政府财政的大力支持密切相关。古巴的根除经验,可为我国非洲猪瘟的防控提供参考。     

早熟优质杂交水稻新组合安优136的选育

安优136是用黔恢136与安丰A配组育成的优质早熟三系杂交水稻新组合,经贵州省2008-2009年2 a区域试验鉴定,安优136平均单产9.62 t/hm2,比对照金优207增产9.27%;1 a生产试验鉴定,平均单产8.85 t/hm2,比对照金优207平均增产5.27%;稻瘟病抗性明显优于对照金优207,稻米品质达国标优质稻谷三级标准。2010年7月通过贵州省农作物品种审定委员会审定。     

近10年沈阳对流层顶高度及温度变化特征

利用2005—2014年沈阳探空站高空观测资料,采用趋势分析方法,对近10年沈阳两类对流层顶高度和温度特征进行对比分析。结果表明,沈阳全年各月均可观测到复合对流层顶,两类对流层顶存在明显的季节差异;第1对流层顶的平均高度在夏季相对较高,冬季相对较低,第2对流层顶的平均高度在全年变化较为平稳。对于对流层顶的温度,夏季、冬季和年平均温度均呈上升趋势,春季呈弱上升趋势;多年平均值的年变化表现为第1对流层顶温度夏秋季最高,春季最低,变化幅度相对较小;第2对流层顶温度夏季最高,冬季最低,变化幅度相对较大。