RAPD标记鉴定果树芽变的可行性分析

在综合分析果树芽变的遗传特点以及RAPD标记技术的原理与存在问题的基础上，结合已有的研究报道，对RAPD标记应用于果树芽变鉴定中的可行性进行了探讨。对于不同的果树芽变类型，RAPD标记技术表现出不同的鉴定可行性。同时，对某些有关的问题提出了相应的建议。     

Identification,Characteristics and Function of Phosphoglucomutase (PGM) in the Agar Biosynthesis and Carbon Flux in the Agarophyte Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis (Rhodophyta)

Agar is widely applied across the food, pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, owing to its various bioactive functions. To better understand the agar biosynthesis in commercial seaweed Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis, the activities of four enzymes participating in the agar biosynthesis were detected, and phosphoglucomutase (PGM) was confirmed as highly correlated with agar accumulation. Three genes of PGM (GlPGM1, GlPGM2 and GlPGM3) were identified from the G. lemaneiformis genome. The subcellular localization analysis validated that GlPGM1 was located in the chloroplast and GlPGM3 was not significantly distributed in the organelles. Both the GlPGM1 and GlPGM3 protein levels showed a remarkable consistency with the agar variations, and GlPGM3 may participate in the carbon flux between (iso)floridoside, floridean starch and agar synthesis. After treatment with the PGM inhibitor, the agar and floridean starch contents and the activities of floridean starch synthase were significantly decreased; products identified in the Calvin cycle, the pentose phosphate pathway, the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway and the tricarboxylic acid cycle were depressed; however, lipids, phenolic acids and the intermediate metabolites, fructose-1,6-phosphate were upregulated. These findings reveal the essential role of PGM in regulating the carbon flux between agar and other carbohydrates in G. lemaneiformis, providing a guide for the artificial regulation of agar accumulation.     

一株惊纹地老虎幼虫颗粒体病毒的研究

1978年春,在新疆博湖从惊纹地老虎Agrotis exclamationis(Linné)(鳞翅目:夜蛾科)幼虫中发现一株病毒“Ae—02”,病毒颗粒体为卵形或卵圆形,大小为374～780×312～450nm,平均为578×412nm;病毒粒子杆状,两端钝圆,不弯曲或稍弯曲,大小为350～450×40～65nm,平均为395×50nm。该病毒对惊纹地老虎和黄地老虎A.segetum(Schiff.)幼虫致病力强。在日平均温度为24.2℃时,对1日龄惊纹地老虎幼虫感病19天后死亡率达96～100%;25天后10日龄幼虫死亡率达84～92%;对15日龄幼虫死亡率为73.96～80.96%。惊纹地老虎病毒“Ae—02”毒株,属杆状病毒科Baculoviridae,杆状病毒属Baculovirus,“B”亚组,定名为惊纹地老虎颗粒体病毒Agrotis excula-mationis granulosis virus,俗名鸣夜蛾颗粒体病毒,拉丁学名为Baculovirusexclamationis“B”,简称AeGV。     

制度弹性、惯性与汉代赋役身份的外在错位

秦汉"大男大女模式"最初并不是专门用来征发赋役的,它是最基本的人身控制模式。直到汉初,"大男大女模式"与赋役制度仍不是直接对应。随着户赋演变为口赋以及杂税的弹性扩张,赋税征缴逐渐向"大男大女模式"靠拢;秦汉"傅籍模式"是朝廷每年八月对男子进行的系统工作,与女性无涉,其目的是统计男子服兵役、更役等常规徭戍的人数。汉代徭役的制度弹性导致服役对象由傅籍男性扩展到大男群体,甚至大女群体,呈现出"大男大女模式"与"傅籍模式"的纠缠不清,形成了汉代赋役身份的外在错位。     

犬急救及应急处置方法

一般情况下,犬需要主人进行的医疗处置,顶多不过是带它看完病后按医嘱喂药,或上一些外敷药之类。但是万一遇到紧急情况,比如犬突然发生急病,或意外受到伤害,在送往动物医院前需要急救时,如果主人掌握一些应急处置方法,就可以在某种程度上减缓伤病的程度。及时救治有时候甚至会关系到爱犬的生命。比如说,犬在遭遇车祸或咬斗受伤时,为很可能因失血过多或疼痛难忍而处于疯狂状态。     

微波等离子处理对脲醛胶性能的影响

脲醛树脂胶粘剂是木材加工领域应用最广泛的胶粘剂,在保障其胶合性能的前提下降低脲醛胶的甲醛释放量是社会关注的焦点和难点。通过试验,研究不同的微波等离子处理方法对脲醛树脂胶粘剂的固化时间、适用期、胶合强度、游离甲醛含量的影响。试验结果表明:等离子处理对脲醛树脂胶粘剂的固化时间和适用期的影响不明显;合适的等离子处理条件可以改善脲醛胶的胶合性能;与未经等离子处理脲醛胶相比,等离子处理后脲醛胶的游离甲醛含量显著降低。     

近五年我国进口巴西棉花质量分析

根据近五年实验室检测大数据,分析我国进口巴西棉花品质指标的主体范围,总结不同主体指标各等级分布情况及变化趋势.结果 表明,巴西棉花的品级、长度和马克隆值合同品质符合率高,但不同指标不同时间段品质符合率略有偏差.综合认为:近五年巴西棉花品质一致性好,主体品质占比大,主体指标范围品质符合率高.     

Comparative analysis of proteomic profiles between endometrial caruncular and intercaruncular areas in ewes during the peri-implantation period

The endometrium of sheep consists of plenty of raised intercaruncular areas （IC）. In order to better understand aglandular areas called caruncular （C）, and intensely glandular the endometrium involved mechanisms of implantation, we used LC-MS/MS technique to profile the proteome of ovine endometrial C areas and IC areas separately during the peri-implantation period, and then compared the proteomic profiles between these two areas. We successfully detected 1740 and 1813 proteins in C areas and IC areas respectively. By comparing the proteome of these two areas, we found 170 differentially expressed proteins （DEPs） （P 〈 0.05）, functional bioinformatics analysis showed these DEPs were mainly involved in growth and remodeling of endometrial tissue, cell adhesion and protein transport, and so on Our study, for the first time, provided a proteomic reference for elucidating the differences between C and IC areas, as an integrated function unit respectively, during the peri-implantation period. The results could help us to better understand the implantation in the ewes. In addition, we established a relatively detailed protein database of ovine endometrium, which provide a unique reference for further studies.     

人CD14信号肽介导卵清蛋白在HEK293T细胞的高效表达

本试验将人CD14信号肽序列与卵清蛋白（ovalbumin,OVA）基因融合,旨在提高OVA在非输卵管上皮细胞中的表达。提取鸡输卵管上皮细胞总RNA,经反转录合成的cDNA,再利用修饰的特异性引物,通过PCR从cDNA中分别扩增出5’端与人CD14信号肽序列融合和非融合的OVA基因,并将它们分别插入到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1A中,构建成表达载体pcDNA-CD14sp-OVA和pcDNA-OVA。经磷酸钙介导,将质粒转染至HEK293T细胞,使其进行表达,用鼠抗OVA单克隆抗体通过免疫印迹（Western blot）法检测OVA表达水平。结果表明:本试验扩增的OVA基因序列与GenBank中的序列（登录号NM₂05152）一致,构建的人CD14信号肽序列融合OVA基因的表达载体结构正确。经过在HEK293T细胞的表达,融合人CD14信号肽序列的重组蛋白OVA的表达水平明显得到提高。结果提示,融合人CD14信号肽序列后的重组蛋白OVA在非输卵管上皮细胞中的表达水平明显提高,为OVA基因作为DNA疫苗模式抗原的应用提供了必要的条件。     

防治糜子丝黑穗病的杀菌剂筛选及田间防治效果研究

为筛选防治糜子丝黑穗病的高效药剂,采用琼脂平板孢子萌芽法测定了6种杀菌剂对糜子丝黑穗病菌的室内毒力,并通过两年田间小区试验评价了杀菌剂对糜子丝黑穗病的药效及糜子植株生长的影响。室内毒力测定结果表明,戊唑醇对丝黑穗病菌的毒力最强,EC₅₀值为0.1127 μg/mL,其次为烯唑醇、苯醚甲环唑、甲基硫菌灵和多菌灵,EC₅₀值分别为1.0634,6.1775,12.4969和54.4021 μg/mL,福美双的毒力最弱,EC₅₀值为1169.6448 μg/mL。药剂处理与对照相比,发芽率均有显著降低,随浓度的增高,种子活力下降,其中烯唑醇对种子萌发抑制作用最大,发芽率和发芽势均最小。田间药效试验结果与室内毒力测定结果一致,戊唑醇防效最好,其次为烯唑醇、甲基硫菌灵、多菌灵,苯醚甲环唑仅在浓度高时防效较好,福美双防治效果最差。植株生长影响评价结果表明,多菌灵显著降低主茎倒二叶面积、主茎倒三叶面积、叶干重和分蘖数。与对照相比,各药剂处理下的单株粒重均有不同程度的减少,但产量均增加,其中戊唑醇处理下的产量两年均最高,而福美双在2014年没有显著增产效果。因此,在6种供试药剂中,戊唑醇能以最低浓度获得最好的防治效果,可在实际生产中推广利用。