论培养新型农民的思想道德素质

随着改革开放的不断深化,我国农村经济社会发生了全面而深刻的变化。农民的思想观念、道德意识、价值取向趋于多样化,农村的思想道德建设出现了许多新情况、新问题。总结农村思想道德教育工作的经验教训,结合新时期农村的现实状况,提出相应对策。     

基于因子分析的格尔木市郊工程移民满意度评价

目前青海省工程移民数量庞大,满意度评价成为研究焦点。文中选择格尔木市郊的生态、水库、贫困调庄、自发等移民为研究对象,运用因子分析对其满意度进行评价。结果表明:影响移民满意度的第一主因子为经济条件相关因子,方差贡献率57.7%,权重占63.5%;生态移民村的综合满意度属一般,长江源和曲玛来分别为0.529和0.506,水库和贫困调庄移民的满意度属较满意,宝库、民康、八一农场分别为0.778、0.756、0.735,城北村自发插花和久居移民的满意度偏于较满意,分别为0.676和0.674;并针对移民满意度差异的主要影响因素打工状况进行了统计分析;生态移民打工状况满意度低主要是观念和技能问题,应加强思想教育,鼓励移民出去谋生,加强技术、语言等方面的培训,让移民尽快适应环境。     

Prevalence of a septicemia disease in the crested ibis (Nipponia nippon) in China

This study investigated six cases of septicemia in young crested ibises (Nipponia nippon). These birds all died with similar clinical signs, including sudden death, anorexia, diarrhea, and lameness. Immediately after death, the birds were necropsied; a blood sample was taken from heart and tissues were sampled from liver, lung, spleen, peritoneal mucus, and feces for bacteriologic examination. Anatomic observation showed that the main findings common to the sick birds were arthrocele, associated with congestion in the femur, tibiotarsus, and ventral side; swelling in the liver; hemorrhagic pericarditis; miliary tubercles in lung; and fibrous tubercles in the synovial capsule of the knee joint with suppurative abscesses. Through bacterial examination, the colonial type of Escherichia coli strain was represented prominently in cultures of the feces, heart blood, liver, lung, spleen, suppurative mucus of the synovial capsule, and peritoneal exudate. These symptoms suggested that the death of a number of endangered crested ibis within a short period was evidence of septicemia. The bacterial inoculation tests were also conducted using domestic pigeon, native chicken, and mice for the presence of and infection with E coli. The study provided indications of the possible role of E. coli strains as bird pathogens and a potential risk in endangered species. Further work is needed to characterize E. coli strains and the toxin production in this bird. This disease occurrence also adds a note of caution to the continued efforts and interest in the reintroduction of the ibis back into its former wild ranges to ensure that formerly captive individuals do not transmit disease to the wild populations of its own or other sympatric species.     

黄土丘陵沟壑区枯枝落叶层和土壤的光谱差异特征分析

枯枝落叶层在植被防止土壤侵蚀的功效中发挥着主导作用,枯落层的光谱特征分析将为遥感估算枯落层盖度提供重要依据。该文利用陕北延河流域典型植被群落土壤和枯落层样本的光谱测试数据,分析土壤和枯落层在在可见光-近红外波段(400~1 100 nm)和短波红外波段(1 100~2 500μm)的光谱差异特征及主要影响因素,并进一步评价归一化植被指数(NDVI,normalized difference vegetation index)和归一化衰败植被指数(NDSVI,normalized difference senescent vegetation index)、归一化差值耕作指数(NDTI,normalized difference tillage index)、纤维素吸收指数(CAI,cellulose absorption index)等植被指数区分土壤和枯落层的有效性。结果表明,在可见光-近红外波段土壤和枯落层的反射光谱特征相似,两者难以区分,但在短波红外波段的1 700和2 100 nm处因枯落层具有纤维素吸收特征而与土壤存在差异。含水量对土壤和枯落层反射光谱特征的影响强烈,水分的存在降低了土壤和枯落层在整个光谱范围的差异性。光谱空间中枯落线和土壤线的关系表明,NDVI指数难以反映土壤和枯落层的光谱差异特征;由于宽波段的影响,利用多光谱指数NDSVI和NDTI表征枯落层信息具有一定的局限性;高光谱指数CAI利用了枯落层与土壤在2 100 nm处的差异特征,能够较好地区分出土壤与枯落层,该研究为利用遥感技术有效提取枯落层等衰败植被信息提供了新的途径。     

探析数学教学生活化

探析了数学教学中应该重视的数学生活化问题,介绍了数学教学与学生生活有机结合的几个途径。     

Operational Parameters of Hybrid Radiant Cooling Floor and Displacement Ventilation Air Conditioning System

The simulation model of hybrid radiant cooling floor and displacement ventilation air conditioning system was built and analyzed by software EnergyPlus. By comparing the simulation results and experimental data, it is shown that the simulated indoor air temperature and cooling capacity provided by radiant floor was ±7% deviated from the experimental data. Based on the model, with the change of supply air parameters or supply water parameters, the cooling capacity provided by radiant floor and displacement ventilation, surface temperature of radiant floor, indoor air average temperature, AUST temperature were obtained. Combined with the indoor thermal comfort model, when indoor thermal comfort index PMV varied between -0.5 and 0.5, the recommended supply air and supply water parameters were obtained to provide reference for engineering design and application.     

关于斗南镇发展无公害蔬菜生产的思考

通过对斗南镇无公害蔬菜生产现状的阐述,分析了斗南镇无公害蔬菜生产面临的问题和困难,提出了斗南镇发展无公害蔬菜生产需提高科技贡献率、增强产品的市场竞争力、打造绿色蔬菜品牌、加强基础设施建设等思路。     

广西部分烟区烟草曲叶病病原的分子鉴定

[目的]明确广西西部地区靖西(JX)、凌云(LY)、德保(DB)和乐业(LeY)等4个县市烟草曲叶病的病原。[方法]2010年5-6月分别从广西靖西、凌云、德保和乐业等县市采集具有典型曲叶症状的烟草叶片,用基于双生病毒DNA保守序列设计简并引物Bego-1和Bego-6对病叶组织总DNA抽提物进行PCR扩增和对PCR产物进行序列测定,用BLAST、Vector NTI、MEGA 4.0和Simplot program 3.2软件等进行病毒序列分析、系统进化树构建和病毒重组分析。[结果]从选取的9个表现典型曲叶症状的样品叶组织总DNA抽提物中均可扩增出约1500bp与预期大小相符的DNA片段。测序和序列比对分析显示,9个样品扩增产物核苷酸序列相似性为73.7%～99.2%,与已报道的双生病毒具较高的相似性。其中,JX-2与中国番茄曲叶病毒广西番茄分离物(G32)的相似性最高,达99.2%;JX-3和JX-5与云南胡椒曲叶病毒云南辣椒分离物(YN323)相似性最高,分别为92.5%和93.4%;LeY-1、LY-1、DB-1、JX-1、JX-4和JX-6则与中国番茄黄化曲叶病毒中国番茄分离物(CHI)和广西烟草分离物(G102)的相似性最高,均高于95.0%。基于PCR扩增产物及已报道的双生病毒属代表种相应核苷酸序列构建的系统进化树分析表明,9个广西烟草分离物分属3个簇群:中国番茄曲叶病毒簇、云南辣椒曲叶病毒簇和中国番茄黄化曲叶病毒簇。重组分析结果表明:JX-3是云南辣椒曲叶病毒和中国番茄曲叶病毒的重组病毒,JX-5是云南辣椒曲叶病毒和中国番茄黄化曲叶病毒的重组病毒。[结论]9个广西烟草分离物分属于4种双生病毒:中国番茄曲叶病毒和中国番茄黄化曲叶病毒,以及分别由上述两种病毒与云南辣椒曲叶病毒重组而来的2种重组病毒。其中,中国番茄曲叶病毒自然侵染烟草、云南辣椒曲叶病毒和中国番茄曲叶病毒及中国番茄黄化曲叶病毒的重组病毒等结果此前均未见报道。     

自动气象站的管理与维护

笔者通过对电白县自动气象站的组成,结合近几年自动气象站运行中出现的故障以及解决办法。分析阐述了自动站各部分的管理和维护。     

竹纤维及丝、棉织物性能测试比较与分析

对竹纤维及丝、棉织物的几种性能进行了测试,通过数据的比较与纤维性能的分析总结出竹纤维织物的性能特性.