栅条式清杂装置机理分析与优化试验

残膜清杂是残膜回收的重要环节,现有机型的清杂装置存在清杂效果差及工作不可靠的缺点。为此,结合夹指链式残膜回收装置的改进设计与试验,提出了一种基于倾斜栅条的清杂装置。通过对该装置清杂机理进行分析,采用Box-Behnken响应面试验设计方法建立起清杂率与栅条间距b、栅条角度α、栅条长度L间的二次回归模型。通过分析模型响应曲面,寻得最优方案,确立了栅条式清杂装置的结构与尺寸。田间试验表明:当栅条间距为75mm、栅条角度为51°、栅条长度为870mm时,清杂率达85.35%。由此证明了优化方案的可行性,可为相关残膜清杂装置的研究提供理论依据。     

Effective alleviation of Cd stress to microbial communities in mining reclamation soils by thiourea-modified biochar amendment

Reclaimed soils in mining area usually display low fertility and present Cd stress. The amendment of modified biochar effectively fixes Cd in soils,enhances soil fertility, and reduces Cd stress in soil microorganisms. However, the effect of thiourea-modified biochar(TBC) on microbial adaptability to Cd stress in mining reclamation soils is still unclear. The present work studied the Cd immobilization and microbial community changes in a mining reclamation soil displaying extreme Cd contaminatio...     

稻米食味品质形成及其响应氮素调控作用的研究进展

稻米食味品质是消费者评价稻米优劣的关键品质,决定了大米的档次与市场定位.本文阐述了直链淀粉含量、胶稠度、淀粉晶体结构、淀粉颗粒粒径分布、支链淀粉链长分布、淀粉溶解及膨胀特性、热力学特性、糊化特性及回生特性等稻米食味品质评价体系,从稻米淀粉合成相关酶(AGPase)、颗粒结合淀粉合成酶(GBSS)、可溶性淀粉合成酶(SS...     

橡胶树PGAM基因的克隆及表达特性分析

从橡胶树中克隆并获得磷酸甘油酸变位酶基因（HbPGAM），该基因的cDNA序列全长1 559 bp，包含长度为1 260 bp的完整开放阅读框，编码一个由419个氨基酸残基组成的蛋白，氨基酸同源性分析发现，该蛋白含有保守的磷酸变构酶组氨酸磷酸酶结构域，属于磷酸甘油酸变位酶。生物信息学分析显示，HbPGAM蛋白无导肽酶切位点，不具有跨膜结构域且为亲水蛋白，该蛋白可能在细胞质中发挥作用。实时荧光定量PCR分析表明，HbPGAM基因在分析的7种组织中均表达，但在胶乳（产胶细胞乳管的细胞质）中的表达水平最高，且该基因在胶乳中的表达受割胶影响，推测其参与橡胶树胶乳再生过程。此外，HbPGAM基因表达受部分植物激素如乙烯利ET、植物生长素2,4-D及水杨酸SA调控，但调控不明显。结果说明，胶乳再生过程中HbPGAM对胶乳糖酵解起到一定的调控作用，为全面了解橡胶树PGAM家族奠定理论基础。     

寿竹埋鞭育苗繁殖试验

寿竹因其竹秆、笋、箨壳的经济价值极高,具有广阔的产业化开发前景。但是,由于寿竹开花不结实,竹秆节部无休眠芽(隐芽)和根点,大面积造林一直受制于种苗短缺的难题。从育苗时间、竹鞭鞭龄、覆盖措施、激素处理等方面试验研究了寿竹埋鞭育苗繁殖技术,结果表明:3月上旬埋鞭育苗效果最好,成苗株数和成苗率与其它育苗时段有显著差异;2年生、3年生竹鞭的育苗效果明显好于1年生的竹鞭,尤以2年生竹鞭最好;小拱棚覆盖较不覆盖提前发笋出苗12d,与其它3种覆盖措施的效果有显著差异,成苗率达77.9%,而其它3种覆盖处理的效果无明显差异;100×10-6ABT2号生根粉处理效果最好,成苗数较清水处理提高100%以上。     

百菌清烟剂防治黄瓜霜霉病相关技术试验

研究了保护地条件下百菌清系列烟剂有效成份含量、施药量、施药次数、间隔期4项植保措施与黄瓜霜霉病防治效果的关系。参试4因子中以1次施药量作用最大。最优方案为：百菌清烟剂有效成份含量30％，每次施药量300g／667m2，间隔8d（天），连施4次。     

动物肠道益生菌的生理功能及其在动物生产中的应用

动物机体的健康依赖于体内微生态系统的平衡。肠道益生菌(如乳杆菌、双歧杆菌、芽孢杆菌等)作为微生态的成员,在机体内环境平衡态调节上起着重要的作用。它不仅能向机体提供营养物质,还能参与机体营养物质的代谢,同时,对机体的免疫系统功能也有增强作用。     

转基因植物对蜂类昆虫安全性

随着转基因植物的大规模商业化种植,其对蜂类等有益昆虫的影响成为研究转基因生物风险评估的主要内容。一方面蜜蜂等蜂类取食植物花粉,有可能直接接触到杀虫蛋白,产生毒性效应;另一方面转基因植物的性状、营养成分等可能发生变化,对蜜蜂的行为可能产生潜在影响。本文综述了目前转基因植物对蜂类昆虫安全性研究进展,并提出克服转基因植物对非靶标生物可能的负面效应的治理对策,以期对转基因植物生物安全性的研究提供科学依据。     

Prokaryotic Expression of Brucella BAB Gene and Establishment of iELISA

In this study,the genome of Brucella Rev.1 strain was used as a template to amplify the BAB gene sequence,clone it into the prokaryotic expression vector pET-30a(+),obtain the recombinant plasmid pET-30a-BAB,and perform prokaryotic expression on the recombinant plasmid.The indirect ELISA method was constructed by using the expression products detected by Western blotting.The results showed that the BAB gene was successfully cloned and expressed in this experiment,and the purified expression product was analyzed by SDS-PAGE.This study obtained a relatively pure recombinant BAB protein;Western blotting test showed that the expressed protein could react specifically with Brucella sheep positive serum and had good reactogenicity;Using the recombinant BAB protein as the coating antigen,an indirect ELISA method for detecting BAB antibodies was established and optimized.The best determined coating conditions were as follows BAB protein coating amount was 0.25 μg/mL,serum dilution was 1:400;blocking solution was 3% pig-derived gelatin;secondary antibody dilution was 1:6 000;color development time was 10 min.The established method was used to detect 40 clinical sheep serums,and the cut-off value was calculated to be 0.607.That was,when the serum tested had P/N ≥ 1.5 and D_{450 nm} ≥ 0.607,it was judged as positive,when D_{450 nm} ≤ 0.561,it was judged as negative,and when 0.607<D_{450 nm}<0.561,it was judged as a suspect value,and retest was required.Compared with the Huhong plate test and the test tube agglutination test,the positive coincidence rate was 100%,the negative coincidence rate was 71.88%,and the total coincidence rate was 77.5%.