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21.
Kuge T Iwata H Kuwayama T Domeki I Shioya Y Monji Y 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2006,52(3):391-396
Estrus induction is an important step in embryo production. It has been difficult to induce estrus in miniature pigs by intramascular (i.m.) injection of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2(2alpha)) in the early luteal stage of the estrous cycle. In the present study, we injected two different doses of PGF2(2alpha) i.m. and into the submucosa of the vaginal vestibule (i.ves.) of miniature pigs, and examined the effect of these treatments on estrus induction. Fifteen miniature pigs were divided into five experimental groups (control, saline injected i.m.; PGF2alpha treated, 1.0 or 1.5 mg of PGF2alpha injected twice i.m. or i.ves.), and the estrus length and concentrations of 17beta-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) in the blood were examined. Estrus length was significantly shortened by a large amount of PGF2alpha injected i.ves. In addition, the concentration of P in the blood significantly decreased after two injections of PGF2alpha (i.m. or i.ves.). These results suggest that in miniature pigs, administration of at least 3.0 mg of PGF2alpha is required for the induction of luteolysis and injection of PGF2alpha into the vaginal vestibule is a useful method of estrus induction. 相似文献
22.
Induction of feline immunodeficiency virus from a chronically infected feline T-lymphocyte cell line
The infection of the feline T-lymphocyte cell line FeT-J with the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) Petaluma strain led to the establishment of nonvirus-producing cells. One clone (C15) obtained by limiting dilution was found to express FIV in response to chemical inducers of retroviruses. The chemical treatment of C15 cells led to not only FIV protein synthesis but also an augmentation of viral production. Examination of the C15 cell derivatives obtained by recloning revealed that 10-40% of treated cells constitutively expressed FIV antigens, whereas 100% with expressed FIV antigen in response to the inducer. Chemical induction resulted in more than a 100-fold increase in infectious viral production. The results suggest that a majority of FeT-J cells that are infected with FIV exist in a non-productive state. Establishing a cell line that can be non-productively infected by FIV may help determine the mechanisms of FIV latency. 相似文献
23.
Koichiro HEMMI Ikuo KOBAYASHI Makoto KAJISA Go KITAHARA Kiichi FUKUYAMA Hiroshi HARADA Shunichi KAMIMURA 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(1):23-27
Two different artificial insemination (AI) protocols were investigated to determine the effect of the time interval from the onset of estrus (as detected by a pedometer) to the AI on the conception rate in Japanese Black cows. Seventy‐three cows were divided into two groups that received AI either after the induction of synchronized ovulation (synchronized AI group; n = 26) or at the time of observed estrus (control AI group; n = 47). Each group was further divided into two subgroups, which were artificially inseminated either 0–12 h (early AI group; n = 21) or 12–24 h (late AI group; n = 52) after the onset of estrus. There was no significant difference in the conception rate between the synchronized AI and control AI groups. The AI protocol and the detection of estrus using a threshold of counted steps (as measured by a pedometer) in this study could be effective for planned reproduction management without the observation of standing estrus in Japanese Black cows. 相似文献
24.
Shun TAKEO Hiroya GOTO Takehito KUWAYAMA Yasunori MONJI Hisataka IWATA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(2):174-179
Age-associated deterioration in both the quality and quantity of mitochondria occurs in
older women. The main aim of this study was to examine the effect of age on mitochondrial
DNA copy number (mtDNA number) in early developmental stage bovine embryos as well as the
dynamics of mtDNA number during early embryo development. Real-time PCR was used to
determine mtDNA number. In vitro-produced embryos 48 h after insemination
derived from Japanese black cows, ranging in age from 25 to 209 months were categorized
based on their cleavage status. There was an overall negative relationship between the age
of the cow and cleavage status, to the extent that the ratio of embryos cleaved over the
4-cell stage was greater in younger cows. The mtDNA number did not differ among the
cleaved status of embryos. In the next experiment, oocytes collected from each donor cow
were divided into 2 groups containing 10 oocytes each, in order to compare the mtDNA
number of mature oocytes and early developmental stage embryos within individuals. Upon
comparing the mtDNA number between oocytes at the M2 stage and early developmental stage
48 h post insemination, mtDNA number was found to decrease in most cows, but was found to
increase in some cows. In conclusion, age affects the cleaving ability of oocytes, and
very old cows (> 180 months) tend to have lower mtDNA numbers in their oocytes. The
change in mtDNA number during early development varied among individual cows, although
overall, it showed a tendency to decrease. 相似文献
25.
The chemistry of runoff waters from 13 forested watersheds in six regions (four regions from Japan, one from southern China
and one from northern Thailand) was evaluated. The Cl− concentrations in runoff waters were higher in those watersheds which had closed canopies and were nearer to the ocean. The
NO3
− concentrations were higher in those watersheds having the developed soils and high moisture conditions, but were lower in
tropical and subtropical regions for those watersheds which had high rates of nitrogen uptake and for watersheds with large
areas of saturated soils. The SO4
2− concentrations were affected by SO4
2− adsorption properties of the soils: at Shibecha, Jiulianshan, and Chiang Mai with high adsorption capacities SO4
2− concentrations in streams were low. High SO4
2− concentrations were found at Mt. Hiei and Kagawa due to the weathering of sulfur minerals and high levels of atmospheric
sulfur deposition. Within regions SO4
2− concentrations were inversely related to NO3
− concentrations. A comparison among the watersheds suggested H+ consumption in deeper soil that increased pH and HCO3
− concentrations of the runoff waters of some watersheds. Anion concentrations increased with low H.I. (Humidity Index) values
suggesting that dry conditions increased concentrations due to high rates of evapotranspiration. 相似文献
26.
Monoconidial strains of Venturia nashicola Tanaka et Yamamoto were isolated from Japanese or Chinese white pear trees which had never been treated with sterol demethylation inhibitors (DMIs) and their baseline sensitivities to fenarimol were determined by mycelial growth tests on fungicide-amended culture media. Strains were also obtained from Japanese pear orchards, which had been intensively treated with DMIs for several years and monitored for the shifts of fenarimol sensitivity in comparison with the baseline sensitivity. Results suggested slight shifts to lower fenarimol sensitivity in strains isolated from DMI-treated Japanese pear orchards. However, in inoculation tests on pear seedlings, fenarimol still provided adequate control of V. nashicola strains with reduced sensitivity to fenarimol in vitro, suggesting that the performance of this fungicide will still be maintained in the field. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
27.
Milking performance evaluation and factors affecting milking claw vacuum levels with flow simulator 下载免费PDF全文
Masafumi Enokidani Kazuhiro Kawai Yasunori Shinozuka Aiko Watanabe 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(8):1134-1140
Milking performance of milking machines that matches the production capability of dairy cows is important in reducing the risk of mastitis, particularly in high‐producing cows. This study used a simulated milking device to examine the milking performance of the milking system of 73 dairy farms and to analyze the factors affecting claw vacuum. Mean claw vacuum and range of fluctuation of claw vacuum (claw vacuum range) were measured at three different flow rates: 5.7, 7.6 and 8.7 kg/min. At the highest flow rate, only 16 farms (21.9%) met both standards of mean claw vacuum ≥35 kPa and claw vacuum range ≤ 7 kPa, showing that milking systems currently have poor milking performance. The factors affecting mean claw vacuum were claw type, milk‐meter and vacuum shut‐off device; the factor affecting claw vacuum range was claw type. Examination of the milking performance of the milking system using a simulated milking device allows an examination of the performance that can cope with high producing cows, indicating the possibility of reducing the risk of mastitis caused by inappropriate claw vacuum. 相似文献
28.
Shinozuka Y Yamato O Hossain MA Higaki T Ishikawa I Ichiba S Takagi M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(2):255-258
Three Japanese Black cows housed with 6 other cows exhibited main clinical symptoms of severe hemoglobinuria. Hematological analyses conducted after antibiotic therapy demonstrated severe anemia, and biochemical analyses indicated both severe hemolysis and disruption of hepatic function. One of the three cows died. Based on the above analyses and observation of typical clinical symptoms, a speculative diagnosis of bacillary hemoglobinuria was made, and immediate high-dose antibiotic treatment improved the general conditions of the surviving animals. Blood samples from the other 2 cows were collected sequentially after antibacterial therapy. Clostridium haemolyticum was detected by a nested polymerase chain reaction analysis of the blood samples. The cows were diagnosed with the second recorded occurrence of bacillary hemoglobinuria in Japan. 相似文献
29.
Onda K Sugiyama M Niho K Sato R Arai S Kaneko K Ito S Muto M Suganuma T Wakao Y Wada Y 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2011,52(6):667-669
This study investigated the long-term survival of a calf with cervical ectopia cordis that grew normally, became pregnant, and calved normally. The cow showed normal cardiac function and absence of peripheral circulation abnormalities. This paper documents antemortem characteristics of the affected cow. 相似文献
30.
Tsuboi M Etoh H Kato K Nakatugawa H Kato H Maejima Y Matsumoto G Mori H Hosokawa M Miyashita K Tokuda H Suzuki N Maoka T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(19):10572-10578
The in vitro reactivity of capsanthin (1) and fucoxanthin (2) with peroxynitrite was investigated, and the reaction products produced by scavenging with peroxynitrite were analyzed. (14'Z)-Nitrocapsanthin (3) and 12-nitrocapsanthin (4) were isolated from the products of the reaction of capsanthin with peroxynitrite. Similarly, (14Z)-15-nitrofucoxanthin (5), (11Z)-11-nitrofucoxanthin (6), and (14Z,9'Z)-15-nitrofucoxanthin (7) were obtained from the reaction of peroxynitrite reaction with fucoxanthin. Capsanthin and fucoxanthin inhibited the nitration of tyrosine by peroxynitrite. Furthermore, nitrocapsanthins (3 and 4) and nitrofucoxanthins (5 and 6) exhibited an inhibitory effect on Epstein-Barr virus early antigen activation in Raji cells and an antiproliferative effect on human pancreatic carcinoma. Moreover, nitrocapsanthins (3 and 4) inhibited carcinogensis of mouse skin tumors initiated by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBN). 相似文献