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391.
392.
Characterization and distribution of Staphylococcus sp. implicated for improvement of fish sauce odor 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Katsuya FUKAMI Masataka SATOMI Yasuhiro FUNATSU Ken-Ichi KAWASAKI Shugo WATABE 《Fisheries Science》2004,70(5):916-923
ABSTRACT: The two Staphylococcus strains that had been isolated from fish sauce mush (moromi) made from frigate mackerel in Japan and proved to improve fish sauce odor, were examined for their taxonomic positions. The sequence analysis based on 16S rRNA and rpoB showed that the two strains, R4Nu and R5G, had an identical sequence with sequence identities of 99.5% and 99.0% to the above two genes from the closest species of S. nepalensis , respectively. A DNA hybridization test of the two strains showed more than 80% DNA similarity with S. nepalensis , thus confirming the above-mentioned species identification. Polymerase chain reaction primers specific to the strain isolated from fish sauce mush were designed from rpoB and examined for the distribution of this species to various fish sauces made in Asian countries as well as to fish sauce starter (malt) made from soy beans and barley in Toyama Prefecture, Japan. The amplified DNA fragment bearing the S. nepalensis gene was detected in the enriched culture of the malt, although no positive reaction was shown with fish sauce samples. These results suggest that S. nepalensis indebted to improve fish sauce odor was originated from the fish sauce starter malt. 相似文献
393.
394.
Haraguchi M Gorniak SL Ikeda K Minami Y Kato A Watson AA Nash RJ Molyneux RJ Asano N 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(17):4995-5000
Natural intoxication of livestock by the ingestion of Ipomoea carnea (Convolvulaceae) sometimes occurs in tropical regions of the world. Polyhydroxylated alkaloids were isolated from the leaves, flowers, and seeds of the poisonous plant and characterized. Chromatographic separation of the leaf extract resulted in the isolation of swainsonine (1), 2-epi-lentiginosine (2), calystegines B(1) (3), B(2) (4), B(3) (5), and C(1) (6), and N-methyl-trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline (7). The contents of 1 in the fresh leaves and flowers were 0.0029 and 0.0028%, respectively, whereas the contents of 1, 3, and 4 in the seeds were approximately 10 times higher than those in the leaves and flowers. Alkaloids 3, 4, and 6 showed a potent inhibitory activity toward rat lysosomal beta-glucosidase, with IC(50) values of 2.1, 0.75, and 0.84 microM, respectively, and alkaloid 5 was a moderate inhibitor of alpha- and beta-mannosidases. Although alkaloid 1 is known as a powerful inhibitor of lysosomal alpha-mannosidase (IC(50) = 0.02 microM), alkaloid 2, which has been thought to be an intermediate in the biosynthesis of 1, was also a potent inhibitor of alpha-mannosidase with an IC(50) value of 4.6 microM. 相似文献
395.
396.
Chungyu PAI Shunya NAKAYAMA Yasuyo ITO-FUJISHIRO Kiichi KANAYAMA Yoshiko MUNESUE Tadashi SANKAI Yasuhiro YASUTOMI Hiroshi KOIE Naohide AGEYAMA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(4):716
Nonhuman primates are commonly used as experimental animals due to their biological resemblance to humans. In patients with cardiac disease, the levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) tend to increase in response to cardiac damage, and they are thus used as indicators for the diagnosis of human heart failure. However, no reference values for ANP and BNP have been reported for heart disease in nonhuman primates. In this study, we recorded the age, sex, and body weight of 202 cynomolgus monkeys, and performed evaluations to assess the ANP and BNP levels, electrocardiography and echocardiography, and accordingly divided the monkeys into two groups: healthy monkeys and those with spontaneous cardiac disease. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the relationship of ANP and BNP with the factors of age, sex, and body weight. No significant relationship was found between the levels of ANP and BNP and the factors of age, sex, and body weight. However, both the ANP and BNP levels were significantly different between the healthy monkeys and monkeys with valvular disease. Similar to humans, the ANP and BNP levels tended to increase with the progression of cardiac disease in monkeys. Based on these results, we concluded that ANP and BNP are indicators of cardiac disease in nonhuman primates, and that this nonhuman primate cardiac disease model is applicable for cardiology research in humans. 相似文献
397.
Lack of exposed ice inside lunar south pole Shackleton Crater 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Haruyama J Ohtake M Matsunaga T Morota T Honda C Yokota Y Pieters CM Hara S Hioki K Saiki K Miyamoto H Iwasaki A Abe M Ogawa Y Takeda H Shirao M Yamaji A Josset JL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,322(5903):938-939
The inside of Shackleton Crater at the lunar south pole is permanently shadowed; it has been inferred to hold water-ice deposits. The Terrain Camera (TC), a 10-meter-resolution stereo camera onboard the Selenological and Engineering Explorer (SELENE) spacecraft, succeeded in imaging the inside of the crater, which was faintly lit by sunlight scattered from the upper inner wall near the rim. The estimated temperature of the crater floor, based on the crater shape model derived from the TC data, is less than approximately 90 kelvin, cold enough to hold water-ice. However, at the TC's spatial resolution, the derived albedo indicates that exposed relatively pure water-ice deposits are not on the crater floor. Water-ice may be disseminated and mixed with soil over a small percentage of the area or may not exist at all. 相似文献
398.
Youngju Kim Hiromu Ogura Kazuaki Akasaka Tsutomu Oikawa Nobuyasu Matsuura Chiaki Imada Hisato Yasuda Yasuhiro Igarashi 《Marine drugs》2014,12(7):4110-4125
One new α-pyrone (nocapyrone R (1)), and three known γ-pyrones (nocapyrones B, H and L (2–4)) were isolated from the culture extract of a Nocardiopsis strain collected from marine sediment. Structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data including NMR and MS. γ-Pyrones 2–4 were found to induce adiponectin production in murine ST-13 preadipocyte cells but the α-pyrone 1 had no activity. The absolute configuration of the anteiso-methyl branching in 4 was determined by HPLC comparison of a degraded product of 4 with standard samples as a 2:3 enantiomeric mixture of (R)- and (S)-isomers. 相似文献
399.
Akinori Yamamoto Hiroko Akiyama Takuji Naokawa Yasuhiro Miyazaki Yusuke Honda Yukimasa Sano Yasuhiro Nakajima Kazuyuki Yagi 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2014,50(1):53-62
Lime-N (calcium cyanamide, CaCN2) acts as both fertilizer and pesticide. Lime-N may reduce nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from soil, although its effectiveness and the relative mechanisms are not well understood. The aim of the study was to quantify the effect of lime-N on N2O emission from the acidic soil of tea fields. The study design consisted of two treatments: conventional fertilizer (CF) (application of conventional organo-chemical fertilizer) and lime-N (LN) (application of approximately 53 % of the applied N as lime-N and the remaining as conventional organo-chemical fertilizer). Both treatments had the same amount of N, P2O5, and K2O applied to soil between plant canopies; fertilizer was incorporated into soil. We measured N2O emissions and environmental and microbial parameters of soil between plant canopies and under the canopy of tea plants, including the concentrations of dicyandiamide and cyanamide derived from lime-N. Nitrous oxide emission from soil between plant canopies was lower in the LN treatment than in the CF treatment, and soil ammonium oxidation activity and soil denitrification rate decreased after lime-N application. We applied the acetylene inhibition technique and analyzed isotopomer ratios of N2O; the results of both techniques suggested that denitrification was the major process of N2O production in the soil between plant canopies, despite relatively low water-filled pore space. Cumulative N2O emission over the 366 days of the experiment was 36.0 % lower in the LN treatment than in the CF treatment (P?<?0.05). Our results suggest that lime-N application decreases N2O emission by inhibiting both nitrification and denitrification processes in the acidic soil. 相似文献
400.
Hirofumi Nagai Noriyuki Miyake Shinro Kato Daisuke Maekawa Yasuhiro Inoue Yuichi Takikawa 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2017,83(6):373-381
We examined the potential for biological control of black rot of broccoli, caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), using nonpathogenic Xanthomonas sp. strain 11-100-01 (npX) mixed with bacteriophage XcpSFC211 (pXS). Inoculation of intact broccoli plants in greenhouse trials with either npX or pXS did not control black rot. After injured plant inoculation, however, npX alone or npX with pXS significantly controlled black rot. When a mixed suspension of npX with pXS was placed on a membrane filter, then washed with distilled water and air-dried, a substantial amount of pXS adsorbed to the surface of npX. In a field trial, broccoli plants were sprayed with a suspension of npX with pXS, then inoculated with Xcc. A meta-analysis of the results from five field trials showed an integrated risk ratio (IRR, the ratio of disease incidence in inoculated broccoli plants to the incidence in control plants) of 0.69 after treatment with only npX and 0.59 with npX with pXS, indicating that black rot incidence was significantly reduced by each treatment. The difference between these two treatments was also significant. IRR was 1.24 when comparing suppression by npX with pXS and that by basic copper sulfate wettable powder; thus, their control was comparable. The combination of npX with pXS improved the preventive effect against black rot. This is the first report describing that a nonpathogenic Xanthomonas sp. strain mixed with a bacteriophage effectively controlled black rot of broccoli in field trials. 相似文献