冬瓜氮磷钾化肥配施效应

结合冬瓜果实特点与营养吸收特性,探讨冬瓜氮磷钾化肥配施效应。结果表明,每产生1t冬瓜果实需要吸收的总养分为氮1174.8g、磷241g、钾2374g、钙1194g、镁141g、硫121g、硼3.1g和锌1.8g。在土壤有效磷丰富,有效氮、钾缺乏及施有机肥条件下,施磷稍微减产,OPT-N处理比OPT处理减产7.0%,OPT-K处理显著减产14.4%,种植效益降低8.5%及21.0%,氮、钾肥养分产出率分别为29.5kg冬瓜/kgN及61.2kg冬瓜/kgK2O。在土壤有效氮、磷、钾极缺乏及不施有机肥条件下,OPT-N与OPT-K处理分别比OPT处理显著减产21.2%及31.3%,OPT-P处理减产12.5%。种植效益降低56.9%、40.1%及99.1%。氮、磷、钾肥养分产出率分别为41.5kg冬瓜/kgN、81.3kg冬瓜/kgP2O5及61.0kg冬瓜/kgK2O。表明中低产田种植冬瓜时,更应重视氮磷钾肥的合理平衡施用。     

治"愚"与"贫":农村高等教育的目标

本认为，困扰农村的一个重大问题是教育与经济双向贫困。而导致这一结果的根本原因是农村“愚”与“贫”的联姻。为此，提出建立以治“愚”与“贫”为目标的农村高等教育体系之设想。     

杂交水稻新组合天优998抛栽高产技术要点

天优998(天丰A/广恢998)是广东省农科院水稻研究所育成的优质高产抗病三系杂交稻新组合。梅州市于2002年引进,经2 a示范种植,总结出其抛栽高产技术要点是:适时播种,培育壮秧;合理密植,优化群体结构;施足基肥,重施蘖肥;合理排灌,科学用水;防治病虫害,保苗增穗。     

特优559产量构成因素及丰产稳产性分析

应用数理统计方法对特优５５９产量构成因素及丰产稳产性进行了分析,结果表明：特优５５９丰产性、稳产性好,适应性强。产量构成因素中以穗数与产量的关系最为密切,对产量的作用最大,其次是每穗总粒数,再次是结实率,千粒重对产量的作用不大。揭示其高产途径和主攻目标是“攻足穗,争大穗,提高结实率,稳定粒重”,使穗、粒、重协调发展,夺取高产。     

Mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene (PP) composites filled with CaCO3 and shell waste derived bio-fillers

The clam shell (CS) waste was first modified by furfural and hydrochloric acid to prepare fillers FCS and ACS, which were then used as fillers in polypropylene (PP), as well as the commercial calcium carbonate (CC). These fillers were characterized and analyzed by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), particle size analyzer, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and contact angle measurement. The mechanical and thermal properties of PP composites were investigated as well. XRD analysis indicated that the major crystalline phase of CC was calcite; of shell waste derived fillers, calcite and aragonite. The CC was fully hydrophobic, while the shell derived fillers were amphiphilic. Mechanical property studies showed that the incorporation of FCS played the role mainly of toughening the PP; of CC, CS and ACS, that of reinforcing. The optimum filler contents of CS, ACS and FCS could reach 5, 7 and 15 wt.%, respectively, to obtain a good balance between fracture toughness and stiffness of the PP composites. Polarized optical microscopy (POM) observation indicated that the inclusion of these fillers could promote the heterogeneous nucleation of PP.     

Isothermal and non-isothermal shrinkage behaviors of highly oriented PET yarns

The isothermal and non-isothermal shrinkage behaviors of highly oriented Poly(ethylene terephthalate) yarns were investigated. In isothermal measurements, shrinkage and shrinkage stress firstly monotonously increased due to more and more activated frozen molecular segments with increasing time and temperature, and then relaxed at high temperature resulting from intermolecular slipping of micro-fibrils. According to the different contributions of amorphous and crystalline regions to shrinkage behavior, non-isothermal shrinkage and shrinkage stress curves were fitted by Gauss curves and the entire shrinkage process was divided into three stages: contraction of micro-fibrils, contraction of extended interfibrillar tie molecules and relative displacement of micro-fibrils.     

平衡营养液对冬小麦幼苗生理生化特性的影响

用稀释50,100,150和200倍平衡营养液（GPNS）培养冬小麦。结果表明：GPNS稀释倍数为50,100倍时抑制小麦生长,而为150,200倍时则促进小麦生长,并能增加萌发的小麦胚乳内α－淀粉酶的活性。麦苗片叶绿素含量增加,叶片可溶性蛋白含量提高,根系活力提高,叶片在低温、干旱逆境条件下电解质外渗率下降,从而提高膜的稳定性,保证了细胞正常的生理功能。     

Synthesis and anticancer activity of (+)-nopinone-based 2-amino-3-cyanopyridines

Twelve (+)-nopinone-based 2-amino-3-cyanopyridines 4a–l were synthesized from (–)-β-pinene. The structures of these compounds were characterized by FT-IR, ¹H NMR, and ESI-MS. All the compounds were tested for their anticancer activity against lung cancer cell line A549, gastric cancer cell line MKN45 and breast cancer cell line MCF7 by MTT method, respectively. The results showed that compounds 4f, 4j and 4k had promising anticancer activity against these cancer cell lines, in particular, compound 4f exhibited broad-spectrum and highly efficient anticancer activity against cell lines A549, MKN45 and MCF7 with IC₅₀ of 23.78, 67.61 and 53.87 µmol·L⁻¹, respectively. The preliminary analysis of the structure activity relationship implied that the Br or Cl substituted group of the benzene ring in these derivatives significantly contributed to the anticancer activity.     

低糖草莓果酱的研制

试验对低糖草莓果酱的配方、生产工艺、护色方法、水分活度进行了研究,并对低糖草果酱与其它类型果酱的理化指标作了比较。说明本试验生产的低糖草莓果酱能够较好地保持草莓的色、香、味和营养成分,并且具有较低的水分活性。     

小麦高产优质综合农艺措施数学模型的研究

采用4因素5水平旋转回归正交组合设计,研究了江淮地区小麦播期、密度、氮、磷肥4因素的综合效应,并建立以籽粒产量、蛋白质含量为目标函数的数学模型,通过计算机模拟寻优,筛选出小麦品种肖农12,亩产350公斤,籽粒蛋白质含量12%,较经济的综合农艺措施为:10月20—23日播种;基本苗15—16万/亩;施纯氮11.8—13.3公斤/亩;五氧化二磷5.4—7.3公斤/亩。