We studied the profitable phytoremediation method with commercial chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum indicum L.) in order to remediate the soils contaminated with heavy metals and generate economy income from the contaminated sites.
Materials and methods
A field experiment was carried out to remediate the contaminated soil through growing the commercial chrysanthemum plants in a farmland polluted with heavy metals of Cd and Zn due to application of creek sediments in the western suburb of Shanghai, Southeast China, since June 2013.
Results and discussion
After the consecutive 3 years of phytoremediation, Cd and Zn contents in the soil were reduced by 78.1% and 28.4%, respectively. We also found that the rice grain growing on the 3-year phytoremediated soil met the requirements of dietary safety, so did the vegetable growing on the 5-year phytoremediated soil.
Conclusions
Growing chrysanthemum plants as a method of phytoremediation can not only remove a large amount of toxic heavy metals from the contaminated soil but also be highly profitable from the sales of chrysanthemum flowers.
ABSTRACT: The present study compared and examined the characteristics of actomyosin among white (W), pink (P), and red (R) muscle fiber types in carp (cultured). Both the superprecipitation reaction and the Mg2+-ATPase activity of actomyosin became higher with increased Ca2+ concentration (pCa 7.0–pCa 5.0) and with decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration (3.0–0.5 mM) in all three muscle fiber types. A comparison of the three fiber types shows that the superprecipitation reaction of actomysoin was lower in the order of W < P < R and, in contrast, was higher for Mg2+-ATPase activity in the order of W > P > R. A significantly positive correlation between both values was found for each of the three muscle fiber types, but these correlations were clearly different among the three muscle fiber types, and the superprecipitation reaction of actomyosin was lower in the order of W < P < R when Mg2+-ATPase activity was at the same level. In conclusion, the characteristics of actomyosin were remarkably different among white, pink, and red muscle fiber types. 相似文献
Neonicotinoid pesticides (NNs) cause behavioral abnormalities in mammals, raising concerns about their effects on neural circuit activity. We herein examined the neurological effects of the NN clothianidin (CLO) by in vivo Ca2+ imaging using two-photon microscopy. Mice were fed the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) dose of CLO for 2 weeks and their neuronal activity in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) was observed weekly for 2 weeks. CLO exposure caused a sustained influx of Ca2+ in neurons in the S1 2/3 layers, indicating hyperactivation of neurons. In addition, microarray gene expression analysis suggested the induction of neuroinflammation and changes in synaptic activity. These results demonstrate that exposure to the NOAEL dose of CLO can overactivate neurons and disrupt neuronal homeostasis. 相似文献
The possible relationship between myofiber type composition and adipose tissue development in skeletal muscle in vivo has been suggested. Recent evidence indicated that satellite cells are multipotent cells that can undergo not only myogenic, but also adipogenic differentiation. In the present study, rat satellite cells were isolated from soleus, back, extensor digitorum longus, tibialis anterior and quadriceps muscles, and their adipogenic potentials were compared by culturing them under adipogenic conditions in vitro. Cells from soleus muscle exhibited the highest adipogenic potential as judged from Oil Red-staining and immunocytochemical C/EBPalpha-staining. The adipogenic potential of satellite cells was positively correlated with type I myofiber distribution in the corresponding muscle of origin. These results demonstrated that the adipogenic potential of satellite cells differs according to the muscle of origin and suggested that its possible correlation to type I myofiber distribution may account for preferential adipose tissue development in slow oxidative muscles. 相似文献
A 13-year-old spayed mixed-breed dog was diagnosed with a gastrointestinal
stromal tumor (GIST) after histopathological examination of an abdominal mass. Five months
after surgical resection of the tumor, we detected the recurrence of GIST with multiple
disseminated abdominal lesions. A sequence analysis of cDNA obtained from a biopsy of the
recurrent tumors revealed a mutation within exon 9 of the c-kit gene
(1523A>T, Asn508Ile), which has been shown to cause ligand-independent
phosphorylation of the KIT protein in GISTs and canine mast cell tumors (MCTs). Upon
detection of the recurrent tumors, we initiated treatment with imatinib mesylate (10
mg/kg, q 24 hr). After 2 months, the dog achieved complete remission. Our findings
indicate that canine GIST, and possibly MCT, may be responsive to molecular-targeted
therapy. 相似文献
Mammalian sexual fate is determined by the presence or absence of sex determining
region of the Y chromosome (Sry) in the “bipotential” gonads.
Recent studies have demonstrated that both male and female sexual development are induced
by distinct and active genetic pathways. Breeding the Y chromosome from Mus m.
domesticus poschiavinus (POS) strains into C57BL/6J (B6J) mice
(B6J-XYPOS) has been shown to induce sex reversal (75%: bilateral ovary, 25%:
true hermaphrodites). However, our B6N-XYPOS mice, which were generated by
backcrossing of B6J-XYPOS on an inbred B6N-XX, develop as males (36%: bilateral
testis with fertility as well as bilateral ovary (34%), and the remainder develop as true
hermaphrodites. Here, we investigated in detail the expressions of essential sex-related
genes and histological features in B6N-XYPOS mice from the fetal period to
adulthood. The onsets of both Sry and SRY-box 9 (Sox9) expressions as determined
spatiotemporally by whole-mount immunohistochemistry in the B6N-XYPOS gonads
occurred 2–3 tail somites later than those in B6N-XYB6 gonads, but earlier than
those in B6J-XYPOS, respectively. It is possible that such a small difference
in timing of the Sry expression underlies testicular development in our
B6N-XYPOS. Our study is the first to histologically show the expression and
ectopic localization of a female-related gene in the XYPOS testes and a
male-related gene in the XYPOS ovaries. The results from these and previous
experiments indicate that the interplay between genome variants, epigenetics and
developmental gene regulation is crucial for testis development. 相似文献
Neonicotinoids, some of the most widely used pesticides in the world, act as agonists to
the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) of insects, resulting in death from
abnormal excitability. Neonicotinoids unexpectedly became a major topic as a compelling
cause of honeybee colony collapse disorder, which is damaging crop production that
requires pollination worldwide. Mammal nAChRs appear to have a certain affinity for
neonicotinoids with lower levels than those of insects; there is thus rising concern about
unpredictable adverse effects of neonicotinoids on vertebrates. We hypothesized that the
effects of neonicotinoids would be enhanced under a chronic stressed condition, which is
known to alter the expression of targets of neonicotinoids, i.e.,
neuronal nAChRs. We performed immunohistochemical and behavioral analyses in male mice
actively administered a neonicotinoid, clothianidin (CTD; 0, 10, 50 and 250 mg/kg/day),
for 4 weeks under an unpredictable chronic stress procedure. Vacuolated seminiferous
epithelia and a decrease in the immunoreactivity of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione
peroxidase 4 were observed in the testes of the CTD+stress mice. In an open field test,
although the locomotor activities were not affected, the anxiety-like behaviors of the
mice were elevated by both CTD and stress. The present study demonstrates that the
behavioral and reproductive effects of CTD become more serious in combination with
environmental stress, which may reflect our actual situation of multiple exposure. 相似文献
This study reports findings from the pathological examination of the forestomach of an 11-month-old Japanese Black steer with severely retarded growth (41% of expected weight) and chronic ruminal tympany. The ruminal papillae were weakly formed (0.3–0.5 cm long) and unevenly distributed. The cellulae and cristae reticuli were underdeveloped; the cristae were 0.4–0.7 cm in height and milky white. The keratinized layer in the stratified squamous epithelium was thickened. Ruminal pH was 5.25, and ruminal volatile fatty acid concentration was 11.7 mM. The steer’s severely retarded growth was considered to be caused by malnutrition due to developmental and functional failure of the forestomach. 相似文献
Regolith particles on the asteroid Itokawa were recovered by the Hayabusa mission. Their three-dimensional (3D) structure and other properties, revealed by x-ray microtomography, provide information on regolith formation. Modal abundances of minerals, bulk density (3.4 grams per cubic centimeter), and the 3D textures indicate that the particles represent a mixture of equilibrated and less-equilibrated LL chondrite materials. Evidence for melting was not seen on any of the particles. Some particles have rounded edges. Overall, the particles' size and shape are different from those seen in particles from the lunar regolith. These features suggest that meteoroid impacts on the asteroid surface primarily form much of the regolith particle, and that seismic-induced grain motion in the smooth terrain abrades them over time. 相似文献