玉米叶绿体表达载体构建及绿色荧光蛋白基因瞬时表达检测

Tps1是生物保护物质海藻糖的关键合酶基因.构建含Tps1的玉米叶绿体表达载体,首定从玉米叶绿体基因组中克隆16S/trnI-trnA/23S片段,作为定点整合同源片段;然后将编码酵母海藻糖合酶基因Tps1表达盒(Prrn-Tps1-TpsbA-ter)、草丁膦抗性基因Bar表达盒(RpsbApro-Bar-RpsbAter)、卡那霉素抗性基因Npt Ⅱ和绿色荧光蛋白基因Gfp构建的融和基因表达盒(Prrn-Npt Ⅱ/Gfp-RrbcLter)一起克隆到定点整合同源片段之间,构建了玉米叶绿体的稳定表达载体mTKGB.通过基因枪轰击法将mTKGB转化到玉米幼嫩叶片中,培养2 d后,在激光扫描共聚焦显微镜下脱测到玉米一些细胞的叶绿体中有很强的GFP绿色荧光,结果表明构建的载体可在玉米叶绿体中表达.     

不同施用方式下保水剂浓度对作物成苗的影响

针对内蒙古干旱地区农业生产实际和保水剂在节水农业中的应用前景,对干旱条件下保水剂浓度对作物出苗和生长的影响进行了研究。通过盆栽试验,研究了保水剂不同施用方式下,浓度对萝卜、玉米和糜子的出苗率和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：施用保水剂可显著提高作物出苗率并改善幼苗生长状况,但其效果因施用方式不同,差异较大。对萝卜而言,5cm施用深度下,沟施时对应浓度在0．10％～0．50％范围内,出苗率比对照提高25．3～44．0个百分点,混施在浓度小于1．00％时,皆能提高出苗率,但提高幅度明显低于沟施;10cm施用深度下,混施时浓度在0．10％～0．50％范围内,出苗率比对照高30个百分点左右,而沟施则不明显。对于玉米和糜子,混施浓度低于0．30％时,玉米出苗率提高5～7倍,糜子出苗率提高2～4倍。从幼苗生长看,萝卜在试验最低浓度0．10％,玉米和糜子在0．10％～0．30％,各处理株高明显优于对照。总体上保水剂和土壤混施优于沟施,施用深度对作物成苗的影响在不同施用方式下不一致,这种差异与保水剂和土壤的相互作用有关。     

基于EnhanceFish模型的鱼类增殖放流策略研究：以中山市南朗水域黄鳍棘鲷增殖放流为例

增殖放流是增殖受损生物资源和维持渔业可持续发展的重要途径,效果评估是增殖放流工作的重要环节。本研究引入EnhanceFish模型,从生态容量、种群结构、经济效益等方面对广东省中山市南朗水域黄鳍棘鲷(Acanthopagrus latus)增殖放流效果进行评估,探讨了EnhanceFish模型在我国渔业资源增殖放流效果评估中的应用潜力。结果显示,中山市南朗水域黄鳍棘鲷最大的放流数量为160万尾,最佳放流规格为全长6 cm,可获最大净现值6.2万元,可适当提高捕捞努力量,增加渔民人均收入;EnhanceFish模型能弥补其他评估方式功能单一的劣势,在生态容量评估中结果更精确,在种群结构评估中考虑更全面,在经济效益评估中更节约成本。因此,EnhanceFish模型在我国渔业资源增殖活动中有一定的应用价值。     

不同施肥制度下褐土微团聚体碳氮分布变化及其对肥力的影响

经8年田间定位试验,研究了不同施肥制度下褐土及其微团聚体碳、氮分布规律,从各级微团聚体组成变化及碳、氮储量角度探讨了不同施肥制度下土壤肥力的变化实质.结果表明,不同施肥制度下土壤微团聚体组成变化各异,不施肥和单施常景NPK化肥主要是由于lO～50μm粒级碳、氮储最降低而造成土壤肥力下降;增量NPK化肥可保持肥力不降低,但投入较高;有机肥(物)料配施常量NPK化肥则主要通过增加大粒级特别是10～50μm粒级碳、氮储量而使土壤肥力水平得到提高.采用有机肥(物)料配施常量NPK化肥是改善褐土肥力的有效措施.     

温度梯度对四大家鱼临界游泳速度的影响

在水利工程建设中,鱼道是一项重要的生态补偿措施,研究鱼类游泳能力可为鱼道等过鱼设施设计提供参考数据.本研究以四大家鱼为研究对象,分别测定其在不同温度(10℃、15℃、20℃、25℃和30℃)梯度下的临界游泳速度.结果显示,在10℃～30℃温度范围内,青鱼(Mylopharyngodon piceus)、草鱼(Cteno...     

Interactions between phosphorus availability and microbes in a wheat–maize double cropping system: A reduced fertilization scheme

Mechanisms controlling phosphorus(P) availability and the roles of microorganisms in the efficient utilization of soil P in the wheat–maize double cropping system are poorly understood. In the present study, we conducted a pot experiment for four consecutive wheat–maize seasons(2016–2018) using calcareous soils with high(30.36 mg kg^–1) and low(9.78 mg kg^–1) initial Olsen-P content to evaluate the effects of conventional P fertilizer application to both wheat and maize(Pwm) ...     

The peroxisomal matrix shuttling receptor Pex5 plays a role in FB1 production and virulence in Fusarium verticillioides

The peroxisomal matrix oxidase,catalase and peroxidase are imported peroxisomes through the shuttling receptors,which regulates the cellular oxidative homeostasis and function.Here,we report that PTS1 shuttling receptor FvPex5 is involved in the localization of PTS1,utilization of carbon sources and lipids,elimination ROS,cell wall stress,conidiation,fumonisin B₁(FB₁) production,and virulence in maize pathogen Fusarium verticillioides.Significantly,differential expression o...     

Expression profiles and functional prediction of ionotropic receptors in Asian corn borer,Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Genes involved in chemosensation are essential for odorant-mediated insect behaviors. Odorant receptors(ORs) bind and respond to pheromones and plant volatiles, regulating insect behaviors such as mating and host-plant selection, while ionotropic receptors(IRs), which are present at lower levels in insects than ORs, influence ion channels, especially in agricultural pests. Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis, is the main pest of maize that causes huge economic losses in Asia. Twenty-one Ofur I...     

水分胁迫与小麦产量性状及籽粒容重的关联度研究

本研究利用相关性分析及灰色关联度分析法,对10个小麦新品种的产量、容重等7个主要性状进行了分析,结果表明：相关性分析结果显示小麦产量性状及容重受水分的影响不同的性状表现不同幅度的减小,灰色关联度结果表明水旱地条件下各性状对单株产量及容重的关联度大小并不一致,各性状对单株产量及容重的关联度大小不同。在沧州地区选择小麦品种时品种的分蘖力和成穗率是首要考虑的条件,穗粒数也要兼顾考虑,小麦籽粒产量及小麦籽粒容重是比较复杂的综合性状,由许多因素相互结合、互相作用。因此,应用灰色关联度分析方法评价性状间的影响程度是客观可行的,可用于今后的育种实践中。     

Expression of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase cDNA from rice in E. coli BL21DE3

AIM: To study the expression and its kinetics of rice phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene encoding into E. coli as the basis of treatment for phenylketouria. METHODS: The phenylalanine ammonia-lyase-1-cDNA(rPAL-1-cDNA) from rice was recombined into E. coli high expression vector pET-28c and transformed into E. coli host strain BL21DE3. Engineering bacteria was then inducted by isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) for 1, 3, 5, 7 hours, in order to obtain high level expression. RESULTS: After induction, the expression level of fusion protein was 21.40%, 30.60%, 35.40%, 35.43% respectively. The fusion protein exhibited a band of 78.6 kD on SDS-PAGE analysis, but was not found in controls.The target protein was mainly existed in the form of inclusion body. CONCLUSION:Rice PAL gene expressing E. coli was established by gentic engineering technique.