灌注寡肽与游离氨基酸对来航公鸡氨基酸吸收及循环中肽的影响

试验比较研究了在麻醉条件下来航公鸡十二指肠灌注酪蛋白水解物寡肽（COP）与游离氨基酸（FAA）对门静脉血液中氨基酸和肽的影响。结果表明：灌注后10分钟，COP组门静脉总氨基酸（TAA）含量显著地（P＜0．05）高于相同组成的等摩尔浓度的FAA1组和等百分浓度的FAA2组。FAA2与FAA1组相比，一些氨基酸含量有升高的趋势，但仅个别氨基酸显著（P＜0．05）高于FAA1组。COP组门静脉血浆游离氨基酸含量，除赖氨酸、色氨酸、酪氨酸、脯氨酸、组氨酸外，其它氨基酸都显著（P＜0．05）或极显著（P＜0．01）高于FAA1和FAA2组。在饥饿状态及灌注COP和FAA1、FAA2后，门静脉血浆中肽结合氨基酸（PBAA）分别占39．23％，35．63％，45．89％和52．63％。其中谷氨酸、丝氨酸、丙氨酸、甘氨酸比例较高，它们与其它一些氨基酸存在显著（P＜0．05）或极显著（P＜0．01）正相关。GPLC分析结果显示：灌注COP和FAA后门静脉血浆的肽量均极显著地（P＜0．01）高于饥饿对照状况，COP组鸡门脉血浆中总量和一些肽量显著高于FAA组（P＜0．01）。试验证实，鸡村寡肽的氨基酸吸收快于游离氨基酸，一部分可以完整的形式吸收进入血液循环。给予肠道FAA也会改变循环中的肽量。     

Reduced Phagocytotic Activity of Macrophages in the Bovine Retained Placenta

This study was carried out to investigate the distribution of immune cells in the bovine placenta during the postpartum period and to compare these cells between normal and retained placenta. Within 1 h after normal calving, biopsy samples of placentomes were collected from 10 cows. The occurrence of retention of fetal membranes was monitored for more than 8 h post-calving, and the samples obtained were divided into two groups: normally discharged and retained placenta (n = 5 each). Immunohistochemical procedures were utilized to detect macrophages and T lymphocytes. Numerous CD14-positive macrophages were found in the stroma of both normal placenta and retained placenta whereas only a few CD3-positive T lymphocytes were found in both cases. However, histochemical staining for acid phosphatase, a predominant lysozomal enzyme, revealed that almost all macrophages showed strong enzyme activity in the normally discharged placentas, whereas in retained placenta the activity of acid phosphatase was conspicuously decreased in intensity. These results indicate that there are functional differences in placental macrophages between normal and retained placenta.     

Distinguishing male sterile and fertile cytoplasms in indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) by OPA 12

The majority of off-type plants in indica hybrid rice were CMS and its maintainer lines.     

Haemolytic anaemia and exercise intolerance due to phosphofructokinase deficiency in related springer spaniels

Phosphofructokinase (PFK) deficiency is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder in dogs causing haemolytic crises and exertional myopathy. The clinical signs may be confused with those of recurrent immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia. The deficiency has been commonly observed in field trial (working) English springer spaniels (ESSPs), but also in the conformation line of ESSPs in the USA over the past two decades. This report documents the first family of ESSPs found with PFK deficiency in Europe. Two related adult ESSPs in Denmark had intermittent signs of pigmenturia after exercise (hunting) and had evidence of a regenerative haemolytic anaemia. Based upon DNA sequencing data, both dogs had the previously described nonsense point mutation in the muscle-type PFK gene (delta2228G-->A). Study of 17 related family members using a simple and accurate PFK-DNA test revealed one additional PFK-deficient dog (with minor exercise intolerance), nine carriers and seven normal (or 'clear') ESSPs. Recently, the authors have also identified PFK carriers and affected ESSPs in the UK. Screening for PFK deficiency is recommended for ESSPs with suspicious clinical signs and before using any for field trials or breeding in order to prevent the further spread of this hereditary disorder.     

霉菌毒素与免疫系统

某些霉菌毒素对肉鸡免疫系统的影响要比预想的更为严重。密苏里大学的一个研究小组通过在小鸡的饲料中添加不同水平的黄曲霉毒素 B1对此进行了研究。试验结果表明 ,在添加剂量为 2 0 0 μg/kg时 ,注射 E.Coli以及在饲料中添加黄曲霉毒素 B1组肝脏和脾脏中的细菌数比只注射 E.Coli组多。试验鸡在连续饲喂含黄曲霉毒素的饲料 4周后对新城疫灭活疫苗的应答较弱。和未添加组相比 ,添加组免疫细胞对毒素的应答较慢。小剂量添加时 ,没有发现免疫系统明显的损伤 ,由此表明 ,大剂量接触黄曲霉毒素可能会引起免疫系统明显的损伤霉菌毒素与免疫系统…     

Topographie des Collecteurs Lymphatiques Mammaires de la Chienne

The topography of the lymph drainage was examined by in vivo injections of india ink into the mammary parenchyma of 73 female dogs. Only one gland was injected at a time on each side. Only the cranial abdominal mammary gland had direct drainage to the axillary as well as to the superficial inguinal nodes. The principal routes of drainage differ for each gland. The glands on each side are completely independent as regards their lymph drainage. The cranial thoracic mammary glands on each side had their own collecting duct which led to the sternal lymph nodes. The results of this study suggest to develop a new model for the surgical extirpation of mammary tumors in the bitch.     

Use of a selective medium to study the dispersal of ascospores ofSclerotinia sclerotiorum

A selective medium (potato dextrose agar with pentachloronitrobenzene and streptomycin) was used to assess dispersal of ascospores ofSclerotinia sclerotiorum in the field. This medium inhibited development ofMucor spp. andRhizopus spp. without affecting the germinability ofS. sclerotiorum ascospores or the production of sclerotia. The number of viable ascospores started increasing in December, was maximal from January to February, and decreased sharply in March. Deposition of ascospores on plates was maximal (57%) between 10:00 and 13:00 hours. Seventy-seven to 90% of the ascospores were deposited within the first 100 m from the source of inoculum and the rest were transported farther.     

Relationship between mitogen receptors in peripheral blood lymphocytes and blastogenic responses to mitogen

The relationship between the optimum concentration of mitogen which induces lymphocyte blastogenic response and the receptor occupancy by mitogen was investigated. The receptor occupancies which induced maximal blastogenic activity in equine, bovine and canine peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were 31.1 per cent, 26.5 per cent and 38.4 per cent with phytohaemagglutinin-P, and 48.2 per cent, 17.9 per cent and 24.5 per cent with concanavalin A, respectively. The data clearly show that each animal species had its own optimum concentration of mitogen for stimulation of PBL. Optimum concentration for blastogenesis and number of binding sites of each mitogen had a good correlation with each other for all three species.