羊生长激素的提取及生物化学和生物活性的测定

600 g 冰冻羊垂体经过酸性溶液提取、硫酸铵的分级分离和 DEAE-纤维素柱层析得纯品(1),其得率为0.08g/kg,最后将部分纯品(1)过 Sephadex G-100分子筛,得到高纯的羊生长激素[纯品(2)]。提取的羊生长激素具有相当高的理化均一性,纯品(2):聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳呈现一条主带和二条酸性小带;聚丙烯酰胺等电聚焦电泳呈现二条带,其等电点分别为 pH7.35和 pH7.40,SDS—电泳呈现二条很难分开的带,其平均分子量为20 100道尔顿;用DNS-CI 法测得的 N-末端氨基酸是2个,丙氨酸和苯氨酸。纯品(1)理化均一性稍差:SDS—电泳较纯品(2)多出两条分子量低的带;等电聚焦电泳多出六条酸性小带。除此之外,其他理化性质同纯品(2)。用大白鼠胫骨实验测定生物活性,测得纯品(1)可使垂体大白鼠胫骨软骨盘的宽度相对增加79%。未对纯品(2)进行生物活性测定。用羊催乳素放射免疫药盒测定,纯品(1)和纯品(2)与羊催乳素均无交叉反应。     

Protection of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L.), and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Richardson), against vibriosis using two different vaccines

Abstact. The potency of a whole-cell bacterin (WCB) and a toxoid enriched whole-cell vaccine (WCEB) administered intraperitoncally into rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Richardson), were compared. The most effective vaccine was further evaluated by bathing turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L.). These vaccines were composed of three strains of V. anguillarun , of the serotypes 01 and 02. Both vaccines conferred the highest protection against strains of serotype 01 within 4 weeks. With the toxoid enriched vaccine giving the best results (77 RPS). When trout were revaccinated after 7 weeks with this vaccine, good protection was achieved against strains of serotypes 01 and 02. Interestingly, when the WCEB was administered by bath to turbot, acceptable levels of protection against strains of both serotypes were obtained after 4 weeks of immunization.     

Use of androgenesis in intersubspecific hybrid rice breeding

Significant differences of callus induction, green plant regeneration and culture efficiency were observed among restorer lines and their hybrids in rice. Average callus induction percentage of F₁, hybrids was about twice that of their parents. Twenty doubled haploid (DH) lines that showed normal fertility with both indica and japonica CMS lines, were selected as widely compatible restorers (WCRs). TG8 derived from CPSLO17/Minghui 63 not only showed normal fertility to both indica and japonica test varieties and CMS lines, but also exhibited superior agronomic traits, in particular short plant, desired plant type, high tillerability, large panicles, good grain quality and resistance to rice blast disease. Strong heterosis for yield was observed in crosses between indica or japonica CMS lines and TG8. TG8 possessed a dominant, widely compatible gene (WCG) that was inherited from the variety CPSLO17. Results confirmed that the anther culture technique is a quick and effective way of developing widely compatible restorers in rice and that it is applicable to the direct use of intersubspecific heterosis with the three-line method.     

二十三个柚品种特性评价

对1965年定植的23个柚(Citrus grandis Osbeck)品种进行了20多年的性状比较。筛选出矮化类型6个,早熟和晚熟类型各3个,丰产类型6个,品质优良类型11个。发现仅有部分柚品种富含维生素C;果汁中维生素C含量与酸含量呈明显负相关。证实长寿沙田柚中的冬瓜圈和古老钱两个选系比广西沙田柚更丰产优质;垫江白柚质优,但产量低。简述了各参试品种的利用前途。     

不同种类杀虫剂对斜纹夜蛾的药效评价

通过室内测定和田间药效试验，评价了有机磷、拟除虫菊酯、氨基甲酸酯、昆虫生长调节剂、苯基吡唑类、抗生素及植物性农药等７大类杀虫剂对斜纹夜蛾的效应，结果表明，毒死蜱、保得、万灵及抑太保对斜纹夜蛾具有优良的防效，可作为首选杀虫剂进行交替使用     

Pathogenicity of Campylobacter jejuni for turkeys and chickens.

A Campylobacter jejuni isolate obtained from a turkey liver, designated C101, and a C. jejuni isolate obtained from the feces of a chicken, designated C111, were used to inoculate their respective hosts. Isolate C101 depressed weight gain by 20% when inoculated into newly hatched poults or 4-day-old poults. It also caused death, hepatic necrosis, and generalized hemorrhages in turkey embryos. The chicken-derived isolate, C111, did not reduce weight gain in newly hatched chicks, but it did induce mortality in chicken embryos. The supernatant of the cultures of both C. jejuni isolates also caused mortality in embryos.     

Susceptibility to onion-induced hemolysis in dogs with hereditary high erythrocyte reduced glutathione and potassium concentrations.

The hemolytic effect of onion consumption in dogs with hereditary high erythrocyte reduced glutathione and potassium concentrations (designated HK dogs) was compared with that in clinically normal dogs. Twelve hours after oral administration of boiled onions (200 g/dog), hemoglobin concentration decreased to 84.4% of the initial value in HK dogs; it decreased only to 90.5% in clinically normal dogs. At 24 hours, methemoglobin concentration was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher in HK dogs than in clinically normal dogs. The concentration of erythrocyte oxidized glutathione increased about fivefold at 10 hours in HK dogs, whereas it did not change during the experimental period in clinically normal dogs. In addition, at 12 hours, the proportion of erythrocytes containing Heinz bodies increased to 24.4% in HK dogs, but increased only to 1.2% in clinically normal dogs. Thus, results indicated that HK dogs were more susceptible to the oxidant action of onions than were clinically normal dogs.