Decomposition of Gaseous Acetone in an Annular Photoreactor Coated with TiO2 Thin Film

Photocatalytic decomposition of gaseous acetone was studied with a fixed-bed annular reactor using TiO₂ as the photocatalyst. The relation of UV light intensity to the reaction rate was found to be roughly first-ordered. The decomposition of acetone was obviously enhanced with increasing retention time. Removal of acetone was slightly increased with the relative humidity for experiments conducted with relative humidity below 20%. However, the removal of acetone was decreased drastically with relative humidity for experiments conducted with relative humidity greater than 20%. Decomposition of acetone was promoted considerably with increasing oxygen concentration for experiments conducted with oxygen less than 200,000 ppmv, yet the decomposition of acetone was kept relatively constant for experiments conducted with oxygen above 200,000 ppmv. Based on the mass balance for carbon species, the amount of organic intermediates formed for experiments conducted under various conditions were found to be minimal. Experimental results for the decomposition of gaseous acetone by UV/TiO₂ process can be adequately described by the developed two-site Langmuir–Hinshelwood (L–H) kinetic model.     

Ribosomes from pear fruit

Ribosomes, subunits and polysomes, have been isolated from cells of ripening (senescent) fruit. Sedimentation in sucrose gradients, sedimentation constants, and electron micrographs confirm the physical resemblance of fruit ribosomes to those from other living tissues.     

快速充电技术的探讨

介绍了快速充电技术的基本原理，对快速充电方法和充电电源进行了重点分析，提出变压间歇充电法，同时提出采用模糊控制来实现具体的充电控制。     

宁夏南部黄土丘陵区退化天然草地改良效果综合评价

采用多层次模糊综合评判法,综合分析了宁夏南部黄土丘陵区不同改良措施下的改良效果,结果表明：“88542”整地＋播种综合评判值最高,达到5.9188,改良效果最好,施肥和封育的综合评判值其次,带状翻耕＋播种的综合评判值最低,仅为2.7750,远低于对照。     

INCREASED CADMIUM AVAILABILITY TO CROPS ON A SEWAGE-SLUDGE AMENDED SOIL

Analysis of spatial distribution of sewage-sludge born cadmium on the experimental plot revealed positive correlation of total cadmium and organic matter. Soil pH fluctuated randomly on the field. ‘Bioavailable’ concentrations, as determined by NH₄-acetate extraction, were closely correlated to the total cadmium levels, and only negligible effects of pH and/or organic matter fluctuations were recorded. Desorption model using modified Freundlich isotherm was applied to predict risks of cadmium solubilization at different conditions. Simulations revealed that the organic matter content within the ranges found at the experimental field cannot support a proper immobilization of cadmium at pH-range observed at the field. The phenomenon was explained by ineffective care for the soil in the past.     

Correlation of phenolic metabolism with histological changes in Phaseolus vulgaris inoculated with fungi

Acetone powders were prepared at intervals after inoculation ofPhaseolus vulgaris, variety Topcrop, with fungi inciting hypersensitive (Helminthosporium carbonum), resistant (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, gamma race), and susceptible (C. lindemuthianum, beta race) host responses. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity was determined in extracts of the acetone powders, and quantitative and qualitative measurements were made of phenolic compounds in the acetone filtrates obtained during powder preparation. The developmental morphology of the fungi on host tissue was observed histologically. The data obtained indicate that host-fungus physiology is accompanied by readily detectable and specific alterations of phenolic metabolism during various stages of infection and host response. Phaseollin production in hypocotyls inoculated withC. lindemuthianum accompanied the appearance of symptoms in resistant and susceptible reactions; it was produced earlier and in greater amount in resistant reactions.Samenvatting Acetonpoeders werden bereid op verschillende tijdstippen na inoculatie vanPhaseolus vulgaris, cv. Topcrop, met schimmels, die een overgevoelige, resistente of vatbare reactie in de gastheer induceren. De activiteit van fenylalanine-ammonia-lyase werd bepaald in extracten van de acetonpoeders, en de fenolen werden kwantitatief en kwalitatief bepaald in de acetonfiltraten, die verkregen werden gedurende de bereiding van het poeder. De morfologische ontwikkeling van de schimmels op het weefsel van de waardplant werd histologisch bestudeerd. De verkregen gegevens wijzen erop dat de fysiologische processen, die in de combinatie van waardplant en schimmel optreden, gedurende verschillende stadia van infectie en reactie van de waardplant, gepaard gaan met duidelijk aantoonbare en specifieke veranderingen in de fenol stofwisseling. Zowel bij resistente als vatbare reacties ging het verschijnen der symptomen gepaard met de vorming van phaseolline in hypocotylen geïnoculeerd metColletotrichum lindemuthianum; bij de resistente reacties werd het eerder en in grotere hoeveelheden gevormd.Journal Paper No. 3470 of the Purdue University Agricultural Experiment Station.     

Dietary protein concentration affects plasma arteriovenous difference of amino acids across the porcine mammary gland

The objective of this study was to determine whether the porcine mammary gland responds to increasing dietary CP concentration through changes in AA arteriovenous difference (a-v). Sixteen Landrace x Yorkshire lactating sows were provided ad libitum access to one of four isocaloric diets varying in CP concentration (7.8, 13.0, 18.2, and 23.5 %; as-fed basis). Litters were adjusted to 11 pigs within 48 h of birth. Sows were fitted with catheters in the carotid artery and main mammary vein on d 4. On d 10, 14, 18, and 22 of lactation, arterial and venous blood samples were obtained every 30 min over 6 h. Milk yield was estimated on d 11 and 21 using the D2O dilution technique. Final litter sizes on d 21 were 10.3, 11, 9.5, and 11 piglets for sows fed the 7.8, 13.0, 18.2, and 23.5% CP diets, respectively. Piglet ADG tended (P = 0.088) to increase with increasing dietary CP concentration and were 186, 221, 220, and 202 g for sows fed the 7.8, 13.0, 18.2, and 23.5% CP diet, respectively. Daily total milk yield on d 21 (kg milk/d) tended (P = 0.099) to increase, and average milk yield per nursed piglet (kg of milk-pig(-1)d(-1)) increased (P < 0.05) with increasing CP concentration and were, on a per-piglet basis, 0.95, 1.19, 1.14 and 1.13 kg of milk/d for the 7.8, 13.0, 18.2, and 23.5% CP diets, respectively. As dietary CP increased from 7.8 to 23.5%, isoleucine and leucine a-v increased linearly only (linear, P < 0.01); all other AA a-v increased, reached a maximum in sows fed 18.2% CP, and decreased thereafter in sows fed 23.5% CP (quadratic, from P = 0.10 to P < 0.05). Amino acid uptake by the entire udder and by each gland increased (linear, P < 0.05) with increasing dietary CP. Arteriovenous differences response to increasing day of lactation varied among AA, from no change for histidine, isoleucine, lysine, methionine, tryptophan, and valine, to a linear trend increase for arginine (P = 0.055), leucine (P = 0.064), phenylalanine (P = 0.101), and threonine (P = 0.057). In summary, for the majority of AA, a-v increased with increasing dietary CP concentration from 7.8 to 18.2%, but decreased when CP concentration exceeded 18.2%. In contrast, mammary AA uptake, piglet ADG and milk yield per pig increased linearly with increasing dietary CP, suggesting a coordinated regulation between AA delivery and transport to meet the demand for milk yield.     

The influence of sex on biochemical markers of bone turnover in dogs

Biochemical markers of bone turnover have been shown to be useful as inexpensive and noninvasive tools for monitoring skeletal health. The reference range for bone markers in dogs has been set by different age groups. However, other sources of biological variations were not fully investigated in dogs. To explore whether sex influences the interpretation of bone marker data we examined serum bone markers in 33 male and 25 female dogs. The bone markers selected for this study were: bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and osteocalcin (OC) as indicators of bone formation, and C-terminal telopeptide (CTx) of type I collagen as marker of bone resorption. All concentrations of bone markers were lower, but still within the reference range reported for dogs. We found statistically significant differences of the median OC and CTx serum concentrations between males and females. The results of this study suggest that there are sex differences in biochemical markers of bone turnover in dogs which should be considered in interpretation of bone marker data.