有限元法在打结器钳嘴应力分析中的应用

将钳嘴PROE模型无缝导入ANSYS软件中,利用有限元方法对钳嘴易产生应力集中的部位进行了分析.通过计算得到了钳嘴的结构应力分布规律和变形量;通过对危险截面的强度校核验证了原设计方案的可靠性,从而为该钳嘴优化设计方案的最终确定提供了理论依据,同时也为轴类结构设计提供了一种有效的方法.     

Conversion of the genic male sterility (GMS) system of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) to cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS)

Non‐pungent bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) lacks the cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) nuclear restorer allele, Rf, and CMS cannot be employed in its F₁ hybrid seed production. To demonstrate that the genic male sterility (GMS) system in non‐pungent bell pepper can be converted to the CMS male sterility system, the conversion of GMS to CMS for non‐pungent bell pepper line GC3 was conducted by introgression of S‐type cytoplasm and the Rf allele from tropical pungent donors. After morphological traits were evaluated, two lines from BC₁F₁ containing S‐type cytoplasm and four lines from BC₂F₂ containing Rf allele, phenotypically similar to GC3, were obtained and could be employed as CMS male sterile lines and restorer lines for non‐pungent bell pepper. Four molecular markers potentially linked to traits of interest were also evaluated in BC₁F₁ and BC₁F₂ populations. This is the first time that GMS has been successfully converted to CMS in bell pepper, a significant contribution for bell pepper hybrid seed production.     

不同改良措施的研究综述

由于自然因素及人为因素的共同作用,使得我国植被退化日趋严重.综合前人不同的研究成果,探讨了不同改良措施对退化植被的影响。     

方草捆捡拾压捆机打结器控制系统运动分析

通过对方草捆捡拾压捆机上实现自动打结的控制系统进行研究,详细地分析了9JK-1.7型捡拾压捆机实现控制自动打结的动作过程,并利用Pro/E软件分析了穿针四杆机构的运动过程,不仅为打结器的调节和使用提供了理论指导,也为打结器的后续试验分析及研究打结器与穿针的运动关系进行了前期工作.     

打结嘴的材质及疲劳寿命分析

打结器是方草捆捡拾压捆机上的关键部件,为了分析捆绳打结嘴的材质及性能,对捆绳打结嘴进行了金相组织分析,并进行了硬度试验和拉力试验.为了验证材料具体成分含量,又进行了光谱分析.通过试验发现:打结嘴的材料成分为15cr,外表面的硬度为HRC46,芯部硬度为HRC25,热处理工艺采用了调质处理和表面镀铬.为了预测打结嘴的疲劳寿命,采用局部应力应变法对打结嘴进行了分析运算.     

篱架型作物高效施药技术自适应控制系统的研究与实现

针对目前我国果园施药成本高、效益低、药液流失污染严重等问题,设计并实现了一种篱架型作物高效施药技术的自适应控制系统.该系统由DM642视觉处理器、ARM控制器和F2806信号控制器组成,采用基于嵌入式系统的图像处理技术和多传感器技术,通过视觉传感器和超声波传感器探知作物的疏密度和施药距离;由系统自动控制电机带动喷头组的移动,调整最佳喷药距离,选择最佳喷药压力.实验结果表明,该系统实时性好、控制有效、能耗小、成本低,能够稳定可靠地实现喷药过程中的监测和控制.     

我国畜禽饲料资源中矿物元素含量分布的调查

<正>饲料是畜牧业赖以发展的物质基础,饲料成本约占整个畜禽养殖成本的60%—70%。三十多年来,我国饲料工业取得了巨大成就,走过了许多发达国家五十年甚至上百年才走完的历程,实现了世界第一大饲料生产国的飞跃,2018年我国饲料总产量已达2.28亿吨[1]。我国饲料工业的快速发展,有力地推动了我国畜牧经济的发展,改善了人们的物质生活水平。近年来,我国畜禽养殖业规模化、集约化发展迅速,饲料企业的规模和产品结构也发生了较大变化。一些小型饲料企业逐渐被淘汰,规模生产企业占绝对主导地位,配合饲料的比例越来越高,     

Effects of cover crops on soil hydraulic properties during commodity crop growing season

Cover crops (CCs) can improve soil hydraulic properties prior to termination, but their effects on soil hydraulic properties during the growing season are less known. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of no-till CC on the soil hydraulic properties during the commodity crop growing season in Murfreesboro, USA. The CCs included hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.), crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), winter peas (Lathyrus hirsutus L.), oats (Avena sativa), triticale (Triticale hexaploide Lart.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). The cash crop grown was corn (Zea mays). Soil samples were collected using a cylindrical core (55 mm inside diameter, 60 mm long) at 0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm depths during April (prior to CC termination), May, June and July. Results showed that soil bulk density (Db) was 23%, 12%, 11% and 10% higher under no cover crop (NCC) compared with CC management during April – July, respectively. This suggests a lower rate of soil consolidation under CC management even after several rainfall events. Four months after CC termination, macroporosity and total porosity were 306 and 50% higher, respectively, under CC compared with NCC management. Therefore, saturated hydraulic conductivity (K_sat) during July was two times higher under CC management compared with NCC management and this can affect increase water infiltration and conservation during the growing season. Due to CC root-induced improvement in macroporosity, CCs had 64% higher volumetric water content (θ) at saturation during July compared with NCC management. Cover crops can improve soil hydraulic properties and these benefits can persist for up to four months after termination.     

Bioactive Compounds,Antioxidant and Binding Activities and Spear Yield of Asparagus officinalis L.

The aim of this investigation was to find a proper harvesting period and establishing fern number, which effects the spear yield, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of Asparagus officinalis L. Spears were harvested at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after sprouting. Control for comparison was used without harvest. Spears and total yield increased with prolonged spear harvest period. In harvest of 6 weeks long optimum spear yield was the highest and fern numbers were 5?~?8. Bioactive compounds (polyphenols, flavonoids, flavanols, tannins and ascorbic acid) and the levels of antioxidant activities by ferric-reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays in asparagus ethanol extracts significantly differed in the investigated samples and were the highest at 6 weeks harvest period (P?<?0.05). The first and the second segments from the tip significantly increased with the increase of catalase (CAT). It was interesting to investigate in vitro how human serum albumin (HSA) interacts with polyphenols extracted from investigated vegetables. Therefore the functional properties of asparagus were studied by the interaction of polyphenol ethanol extracts with HSA, using 3D- FL. In conclusion, antioxidant status (bioactive compounds, binding and antioxidant activities) improved with the harvesting period and the first segment from spear tip. Appropriate harvesting is effective for higher asparagus yield and its bioactivity.