多主体合作博弈视角下林业专业合作社盈余利益分配研究

盈余利益分配机制是否合理、完善,对林业专业合作社能否实现成功运转至关重要。文章基于林业专业合作社各利益主体在盈余利益分配上是一个合作博弈的过程,针对传统Shapley值法只考虑贡献率的特点,考虑到林农、投资者、经营者与公司承担风险性大小的差异,利用层次分析法提出改进的Shapely值法,并通过具体算例对改进Shapely值法进行了应用。     

绿色环保型循环冷却水处理技术

分析了当前绿色环保的循环冷却水的处理工艺、现状、机理和应用情况,指出了绿色环保型循环冷却水的重要性,以期引起业内的重视并提供参考。     

鄱阳县农村居民点空间分布特征及影响因素分析

以鄱阳县第二次土地利用现状调查成果数据为基础,借助GIS为工具,计算Voronoi图面积变异系数与最邻近点指数,结合GIS查询工具、缓冲分区、SQL统计等功能论证鄱阳县农村居民点在空间上的分布特征的同时,定量的研究地形、公路交通、河流等因素对农村居民点空间分布的影响。研究的结果表明：平原地区农村居民点分布数量较大,分布相对集中。交通因素对农村居民点分布有重要的作用,随着距公路距离越远,居民点分布逐渐减少。河流对农村居民点分布也有一定程度的影响作用,当地鄱阳湖湖泊水面特殊情况,制约湖泊周边居民点的空间分布情况。     

ROCK promotes high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by inhi-biting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway

AIMTo investigate whether Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (ROCK) is involved in high glucose-induced apoptosis of primary cardiomyocytes by regulating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. METHODSPrimary Wistar rat cardiomyocytes were cultured and identified by α-sarcomeric actin (α-SCA) immunohistochemistry. Cardiomyocytes were treated with 5.5, 33 and 40 mmol/L glucose for 48 h. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay, and the mRNA expression of ROCK1 and ROCK2 in the cardiomyocytes was detected by RT-qPCR. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the apoptosis of the cardiomyocytes. The protein levels of ROCK1, ROCK2, cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-2, PI3K, Akt and p-Akt were determined by Western blot. In order to confirm the regulatory effect of ROCKs on PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, the cells were divided into control group (5.5 mmol/L glucose), high glucose group (33 mmol/L glucose) and high glucose+Y27632 (ROCK inhibitor) group. Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of ROCK1, ROCK2, PI3K, Akt and p-Akt. RESULTSAfter 48 h of high glucose exposure, the values of relative cell viability in 33 and 40 mmol/L glucose groups were (79.71±2.43)% and (68.41±7.49)%, respectively, both of which were significantly decreased compared with normal control group (P<0.05). After 48 h of high glucose exposure, the relative mRNA levels of ROCK1 and ROCK2 in 33 and 40 mmol/L glucose groups were significantly increased compared with normal control group (P<0.05). Compared with normal control group, the apoptotic rate in 33 and 40 mmol/L glucose groups was increased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with normal control group, the protein expression of ROCK1, ROCK2 and cleaved caspase-3 in 33 and 40 mmol/L glucose groups was increased (P<0.05), while the protein expression of Bcl-2 was decreased (P<0.05). No significant difference in the protein levels of PI3K and Akt among the 3 groups was observed, while the protein level of p-Akt in 33 and 40 mmol/L glucose groups was decreased compared with normal control group (P<0.05). Compared with high glucose group, the expression of ROCK1 and ROCK2 was decreased in high glucose+Y27632 group. No significant difference in the protein levels of PI3K and Akt among the 3 groups was observed. Compared with normal control group, the protein level of p-Akt in high glucose group was decreased, and the protein level of p-Akt in high glucose+Y27632 group was increased significantly compared with high glucose group. CONCLUSION Under high glucose environment, ROCK may reduce the level of p-Akt by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, thus promoting the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes.     

等高反坡阶措施对滇中红壤坡耕地土壤贮水量的影响

为探讨布设等高反坡阶后土壤水分驱动特征,揭示其水源涵养能力,以滇中昆明市北郊松华坝迤者小流域为研究区,采用野外监测与室内测试分析相结合的方法,分析了2017年5月1日-2018年4月30日期间不同土层深度（0-100 cm）土壤贮水量时空变化特征及其与其他物理性质的关系。结果表明:（1）试验期间雨季和旱季降雨量分别为528.5,41.5 mm,占试验年降雨量的92.7%,7.3%,I₃₀（最大30分钟雨强）与降雨量的整体变化趋势一致;（2）布设等高反坡阶后,各土层平均土壤贮水量较原状坡耕地在雨季和旱季分别增加9.6%~13.5%,10.0%~23.9%;（3）布设等高反坡阶后坡耕地土壤贮水量变异系数明显减小（p<0.05）,各土层深度下土壤贮水量变异系数的大小为:20 cm > 40 cm > 60 cm > 80 cm > 100 cm;（4）土壤贮水量随土层深度的增加明显减弱,布设等高反坡阶对坡耕地土壤贮水量的影响表现为40 cm > 20 cm > 60 cm > 80 cm > 100 cm;（5）等高反坡阶处理和不同土层深度交互作用对土壤贮水量的影响显著,修正模型平方和达到48 149.124。综上,等高反坡阶处理对坡耕地土壤的贮水能力具有明显的提高作用,对坡耕地地表径流拦蓄、增加水分入渗和减少土壤流失改善作用显著。     

GmSTK12基因转化大豆及对转化体生物量影响的研究

大豆GmSTK12基因编码丝/苏氨酸蛋白激酶.研究通过同源克隆方法获得大豆GmSTK12基因,并成功构建基因植物表达载体,利用农杆菌介导的子叶节转化法对大豆品种东农50作遗传转化,测定获得的3份GmSTK12基因过量表达大豆T1及T2代材料生长情况.结果表明,GmSTK12基因过量表达使大豆叶片长宽比、侧根数量、根长显著高于对照品种;叶面积从V6期开始增加,约为对照品种2倍;GmSTK12基因过量表达使植株地上部分鲜重与干重、根鲜重与干重显著高于对照品种;GmSTK12基因过量表达使植株单株粒数、单株荚数及百粒重显著高于对照品种;叶绿素含量显著提高.研究表明,GmSTK12基因具有增加大豆生物量功能.     

诱导始期、温度和历期对松毛虫赤眼蜂滞育诱导及解除滞育的影响

为实现赤眼蜂滞育技术在工厂化生产中的应用,在实验室条件下测定了诱导始期(卵期,幼虫前期、中期、后期,预蛹初期)、温度(8、10、12和14℃)及诱导历期(10、20、30和40 d)对松毛虫赤眼蜂Trichogramma dendrolimi滞育诱导的作用,并对其解除滞育的条件进行了探索。结果表明:松毛虫赤眼蜂从卵期到预蛹初期均可被诱导滞育,以幼虫中期诱导效果最佳。12℃为诱导松毛虫赤眼蜂滞育的最适温度,12℃下诱导滞育20 d,松毛虫赤眼蜂即可进入稳定的滞育状态,滞育率达97.4%。赤眼蜂滞育后,需经过一段时间的低温后才能完成滞育发育。滞育松毛虫赤眼蜂在3℃条件下储藏70 d,解除滞育率达95.9%,3℃条件下经历各储存时间的滞育解除率均高于0℃。     

嫁接、环剥对铁在果树体内分配的影响

嫁接方法、环剥对铁在果树体内的分配有影响。59Fe试验结果表明,室内营养液培养的2年生长富2/八棱海棠腹接、劈接和切接叶中59Fe的分配比例分别为4.10%、1.06%、1.21%,腹接的品种叶中铁含量显著高于劈接和切接,环剥明显影响铁在叶中的含量,室内营养液培养的八棱海棠苗在环剥、环割和不处理对照叶中59Fe的分配比例分别为8.1%、17.2%、31.7%,各处理间差异均达显著水平。     

三峡库区农业资源持续高效利用模式研究

针对三峡库区资源环境和农业生产现状及存在问题,探讨了农业资源持续高效利用的主要生产模式,即:种—养—加—销一体化模式、农林牧复合模式、农林复合模式、种—养立体农业模式和庭院高效生态农业模式等,并结合典型案例进行分析。此外,提出了实现农业资源持续高效利用的建议和对策。     

IBV陕西分离株人工感染雏鸡的临床病理学研究

用ＩＢＶ陕西分离株Ｘ，Ｆｕ，Ｗ和Ｈ株人工感染４０日龄和１９日龄的雏鸡复制人工病例，对其临床症状、大体病变和病理组织学变化进行了较详细的研究。结果表明，ＩＢＶ陕西分离株具有较强的致病力，不仅能引起雏鸡发生呼吸道症状，而且可致严重的肾脏损伤，对１９日龄鸡引起的临床症状和病理损害均比４０日龄鸡更为严重。感染４０日龄和１９日龄鸡后，潜伏期、致死雏鸡的时间与病程分别为３８～７２ｈ和３２～４０ｈ，９６ｈ和４８ｈ及２５ｄ和７ｄ．