立式金属油罐容量检定中的几个问题

针对JJG168-87计量规程在实际使用中的缺陷，对罐壁圈板径向偏差测量位置的确定，油罐充满油品后直径增大值的修正等问题，提出了具体的解决方法。     

洋葱先期抽薹的原因及防止对策

洋葱在鳞茎膨大前抽薹,这一现象在栽培学上称为洋葱的先期抽薹。先期抽薹不仅影响洋葱的产量而且严重影响其产品质量及耐贮性,是洋葱生产的大忌。洋葱属于绿体春化作物,通过春化阶段有3个条件:一是幼苗必须生长到一定大小以后才能有效地通过低温春化,一般认为幼苗叶鞘基部的径粗小于0.5ｃｍ时几乎不形成花芽;二是需要一定的低温,低温是诱导洋葱花芽分化的主导因子,多数品种在2～5℃的低温下即完成春化;三是一定数量的低温积累,一般需经60～70ｄ的时间,品种间差异大,有的南方品种只需40～50ｄ,而有的北方品种需100ｄ以上。此外幼苗绿体越大(…     

蓝花棘豆硬实种子特性的研究

每天从发芽皿中挑选吸胀的蓝花棘豆种子作为对照。第一天的称为CK1，依此类推分别为CK2，CK3……等。对照种子的硬实程度随着吸胀时间的延长而增强，即CK5＞CK4＞CK3＞CK2＞CK1。将第八天尚未吸胀的作为硬实种子。用浓硫酸处理25分钟。结果表明，硬实种子的发芽率、活力指数、脱氢酶活性及抗逆性均高于对照。后者CK1→CK5的上述指标呈逐渐上升趋势。硬实种子的电导率则低于对照。后者CK1→CK5电导率呈下降趋势。综上所述，作者认为蓝花棘豆中硬实种子的活力高于非硬实种子，其活力随着硬实程度的增加而递增。     

2012/2013渔季CAMLR 48区南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)资源时空分布

根据2013年1–9月辽宁远洋渔业有限公司“福荣海”轮南极磷虾拖网调查数据,以3n mile/h拖曳获得的产量作为CPUE指标,对南极磷虾资源时空分布进行了分析。结果显示,1–6月的月均CPUE值相对稳定,7–9月逐月下降。各渔区中平均CPUE值以48.1区最高,为(25.12±31.04) t/h;48.3区最低,为(11.49±12.06) t/h;CPUE值的波动幅度48.1区大于48.2和48.3区。48.1区的南极磷虾群主要分布于0 –100 m水层,CPUE值以25–50 m水层为最高;48.2区虾群主要分布于50–150 m水层,CPUE值以100–150 m水层最高;48.3区虾群主要分布于100–250 m水层,CPUE值以200– 250 m水层最高。海底深度<500 m的近岸海域是磷虾主要集群分布区和商业捕捞渔场,以水深<250 m的浅水区渔场虾群密度最大,平均CPUE值为(17.54±35.26) t/h,水深250–1500 m的深水区渔场平均CPUE值变化较小,在12.0–14.0 t/h之间波动,但水深>1500 m时,平均CPUE值降到(9.62±9.54) t/h。作业渔场的表温SST主要集中在－1–2℃,当SST为－1–0℃时,平均CPUE值最高。探捕调查发现了5个主要的磷虾集群,集群时间可达30 d以上,但集群密度随时间发生变化。调查结果可为研究南极磷虾渔场形成机制和渔业管理提供基础数据,并为商业捕捞提供参考。     

现有生物质能转换利用技术综合评价

本文介绍了生物质能转换利用的方法,对现有生物质能转换技术进行了比较,运用层次分析法从技术先进性、经济可行性和环境安全性三个方面对现有生物质能转换利用技术进行了综合评价,提出了生物质能转换利用技术的优先发展顺序和发展方向,为我国生物质能转换利用技术的发展和应用提供参考依据.     

Cryopreservation of strip spawned sperm using non‐programmable freezing technique in the blue mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis

In this study, a non‐programmable freezing technique has been developed with the strip spawned blue mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) sperm. The key parameters optimized including (1) cryoprotectant agents (CPAs); (2) cooling temperature; (3) thawing temperature; (4) sugar and amino acid supplementation and (5) sperm to egg ratio. The fertilization rate and/or integrity of plasma membrane and acrosome were used as sperm quality assessment indicators. The highest post‐thaw sperm fertilization rate of 95% was achieved, when sperm were cryopreservated in 8% dimethyl sulfoxide at 7.8 cm above the liquid nitrogen surface and thawed in a 60°C seawater bath. The addition of glucose, sucrose or trehalose in dimethyl sulfoxide did not, whereas 0.8% glycine did significantly improve the post‐thaw sperm fertilization rates. The fluorescent evaluation has demonstrated that the addition of glycine significantly improved the post‐thaw sperm acrosome integrity, revealing a positive role of glycine in the improvement of post‐thaw sperm quality in blue mussels.     

I-69杨苗期生长及营养特性的研究

杨树是重要的速生树种,在我国长江中下游平原地区发展具有重要意义。1983年对杨树的黑杨派良种I-69杨(Populus deltoides cv.“Lux”)苗期生长与营养特性的研究,旨在培育和选择优质苗木,为杨树用材林定向培育的造林设计提供科学依据。     

山药酸奶工艺的研制

以新鲜牛奶为原料,加入熟化后的山药汁经处理后通过正交试验,再添加山药果粒加工而研制出一种气味浓郁、口感爽滑、酸甜可口,集酸奶和山药的营养保健于一体的新型发酵饮料.     

Selection and Evaluation of Indexes Commonly Used to Determine Contamination with T-2 Toxin in Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei by the Grey Relational Method

Abstract

The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of the mycotoxin T-2 toxin in feed on muscle performance in the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, evaluate indexes of physiological variables that indicate T-2 toxin contamination in the shrimp using the grey relational method, and determine the dose–response relationships between T-2 toxin and the indexes. Of the 6 physical, 7 biochemical, and 17 nutritional indexes examined, the values of the grey relational coefficients were highest for the hepatopancreas: body weight ratio (HBR), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, and serine (SER) content (0.83, 0.68, and 0.82, respectively). Therefore, the HBR, ALT activity, and SER content were selected as appropriate indexes for contamination of Pacific white shrimp muscle with T-2 toxin. Based on their dose–response relationship curves, mean effective doses of 1.45, 1.69, and 1.33 mg of T-2 toxin/kg of feed were obtained for the HBR, ALT activity, and SER content, respectively. These results offer technical reference points for the evaluation and control of T-2 toxin in shrimp feed.

Received April 28, 2016 accepted April 9, 2017 Published online July 26, 2017     

蜂花粉抗化学性肝损伤研究进展

近年来研究发现蜂花粉具有显著的保肝功效,国内外学者已对此开展了广泛而深入的研究。本文就蜂花粉及活性成分对化学性肝损伤(四氯化碳肝损伤、酒精性肝损伤、氨基半乳糖诱导肝损伤)的作用效果和作用机理等方面的研究进展进行了综述,并对其研究方向和前景进行展望。