我国杨树杂交育种的现状和发展对策

在简要介绍了我国杨树资源并回顾了４０年来的杂交育种成就后，把我国杨树杂交育种过程划分成两个时期。第一个时期解决了北方杨树栽培的品种化问题，第二个时期在一定程序上用自己选育的无性系改变了黄河以南到长江中下游地区直接用引入无性系造林的现状。但由于两个时期是一个世代的短期育种活动，方法和程序上缺少改进，都把由种间杂种Ｆ１中选择无性系作为重点，加之基因资源有限，都存在推广无性系亲缘相近潜育的危险性，缺乏长     

砂质土肥力状况及其与毛白杨生长关系的研究

对黄河故道冲积砂质上的肥力状况和毛白杨生长因子之间的关系进行了研究，着重分析了土壤养分和水分在土体中的分布规律，及其与土壤质地的关系，以及不同生长季节毛白杨的叶片营养特征和树高、胸径生长量与砂质土水分、养分含量的相关性。结果表明：砂质土肥力低下；土壤质地、养分和水分变化状况与树木生长关系密切，尤其是土壤粘粒、水分和氮素含量与毛白杨生长呈明显的正和关。故可通过施肥、灌水、改善土壤保水保肥特性来调整和控制林木生长。     

城市道路网信息管理系统研究

针对国内城市交通规划缺乏完整的道路信息资料 ,提出了如何利用功能完善的EMME/2交通规划软件结合中国的交通特性 ,进行城市路网信息资料的获取 ,并提出相应的数据库记录规定 ,据此研制开发了城市道路网信息管理系统。     

装饰单板贴面胶合板与杉木复合制造地板技术

为了降低实木复合地板生产的材料消耗和成本,直接采用装饰单板贴面胶合板与杉木组合制造实木复合地板.结果表明,按改进工艺制造的复合地板不仅具有国标所要求的物理力学性能,而且可降低材料成本30%左右.     

Pyrolytic characteristics of burning residue of fire-retardant wood

In order to investigate the pyrolytic characteristics of the burning residue of fire-retardant wood, a multifunctional fire-resistance test oven aimed at simulating the course of a fire was used to burn fire-retardant wood and untreated wood. Samples at different distances from the combustion surface were obtained and a thermogravimetric analysis (TG) was applied to test the prrolytic process of the burning residue in an atmosphere of nitrogen. The results showed that: 1) there was little difference between fire-retardant wood and its residue in the initial temperature of thermal degradation. The initial temperature of thermal degradation of the combustion layer in untreated wood was higher than that in the no burning wood sample; 2) the temperature of the flame retardant in fire-retardant wood was 200°C in the differential thermogravimetry (DTG). The peak belonging to the flame retardant tended to dissipate during the time of burning; 3) for the burning residue of fire-retardant wood, the peak belonging to hemicellulose near 230°C in the DTG disappeared and there was a gentle shoulder from 210 to 240°C; 4) the temperature of the main peaks of the fire-retardant wood and its burning residue in DTG was 100°C lower than that of the untreated wood and its burning residue. The rate of weight loss also decreased sharply; 5) the residual weight of fire-retardant wood at 600°C clearly increased compared with that of untreated wood. Residual weight of the burning residue increased markedly as the heating temperature increased when burning; 6) there was a considerable difference with respect to the thermal degradation temperature of the no burning sample and the burning residue between fire-retardant wood and untreated wood. __________ Translated from Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2006, 28(3): 133–138 [译自: 北京林业大学学报]     

Hygroexpansion of wood during moisture adsorption and desorption processes

In order to investigate the shrinking and swelling behavior of wood at a non-equilibrium state, the moisture sorptlon processes of wood under constant and changing conditions were studied. For the static sorption experiment, Chinese fir （Cunninghamia lanceolata） specimens were subjected to the adsorption processes at 25℃, 10 different relative humidity environments and the moisture contents were measured at distinct time intervals of adsorption processes. For the dynamic sorption experiment, the specimens were exposed to periodically and linearly varying relative humidity between 45% and 75% at 25℃. Moisture content as well as radial and tangential dimensional changes in response to the changing relative humidity were measured. The main results from the experiments indicated that： the moisture sorption isotherms of Chinese fir at equilibrium state and different stages of adsorption processes could be characterized by S-shape curves. From the non-equilibrium state to the equilibrium state, the sigmoid moisture sorption isotherms changed from smooth, gradually increasing values to a steep rise at 100% humidity. Furthermore, under dynamic conditions with a constant temperature and a linearly and periodically varying relative humidity, the moisture content as well as radial and tangential dimensional changes of the specimens generally waved but lagged behind the relative humidity change.     

我国林业定位的研究

随着我国经济的发展，人民生活水平的提高，以及自然生态问题的日趋严重，林业被赋予了更新的使命。对林业的正确定位正是保证林业合理发挥其作用的重要前提。本文从市场定位学的思想出发，结合我国目前林业发展的实际情况，对林业定位的历史过程、林业定位所要考虑的因素进行了简单的回顾和分析，并对如何定位进行了探讨。     

扎龙国家级自然保护区游客客源特征调查分析

通过对扎龙自然保护区的游客进行问卷调查，得出游客的客源特征。结果表明：男、女游客的比例（2．1：1）高于全国平均出游性别比例1．27：1；大多数游客以观鸟、了解大自然和单位或会议组织为目的；具有高中以上学历的游客组成了扎龙自然保护区游客的主体；游客职业主要是公务员（46％），公司职员（19％）、工人（17％）和商人（11％）；游客以20～39岁年龄段的游客为主体，表现出游客中青年化的总体趋势；月收入在300～1000元之间的游客比例最大，占47．26％，其次是月收入在1000～3000元之间的游客，占37．20％；扎龙自然保护区的游客以省内游客尤其是来自齐齐哈尔市的游客为主要客源。扎龙自然保护区的旅游需求以团体旅游为主体：最后对保护区的宣教工作提出若干建议。     

知识型员工及其流动的特点

介绍了知识型员工的基本概念 ,提出了知识型员工流动的理论模型 ,并分析了知识型员工的流动特点。     

VB环境下OpenGL的使用

OpenGL作为事实的工业标准，广泛地应用于二维和三维图形的编程中，但大多工作于C语言的环境下，如何在VB环境下使用它，相关的参考文献较少。本文针对此问题，论述了在Visual Basic环境下，应用第三方函数库VBOpenGL type library进行三维图形编程设计的使用方法。