四倍体黑芥的获得与鉴定

以黑芥为材料进行了同源多倍体的诱导和鉴定研究。结果表明,用0.1%秋水仙素药液处理黑芥籽苗生长点24 ~ 72 h均可诱导获得多倍体植株,其中处理48 h的诱导效果最好,四倍体株率达73.33%。四倍体黑芥长势良好,叶片和花变大,叶柄变短,叶色和花色变深,开花期较二倍体晚2 ~ 3 d。四倍体黑芥能正常开花散粉,但结籽率较低,仅为13.83%。     

内蒙古地区奶牛源致病性沙门氏菌耐药性分析及ESBLs基因检测

为研究内蒙古地区奶牛源致病性沙门氏菌的耐药特性及ESBLs基因流行特征,试验采用微量肉汤稀释法测定了22种兽医临床常用抗菌药物对临床分离沙门氏菌的最低抑菌浓度(MICs),并对其多重耐药特性进行了分析;采用PCR法对具有β-内酰胺类药物耐药表型的菌株进行了8种动物源沙门氏菌常见ESBLs基因的检测。结果显示,内蒙古地区奶牛源致病性沙门氏菌对甲氧苄啶(97.4%)及磺胺甲基噁唑(94.7%)的耐药率最高,对多数β-内酰胺类、氨基糖甙类、氯霉素类及四环素类药物的耐药性也较为严重(耐药率为40%~80%),所有菌株对氟喹诺酮类药物均敏感;菌株的多重耐药率为94.7%,有29株菌(76.3%)同时对6类抗菌药物具有耐药性;35株对β-内酰胺类药物耐药的菌株中,有30株(85.7%)为ESBLs基因阳性,共检出6种ESBLs基因,其中CTX-M型基因检出率最高(40.0%),未检出SHV和PSE型基因;共发现15种ESBLs基因型,9种ESBLs基因型组合,有16株菌(45.7%)同时携带两种或两种以上ESBLs基因。结果表明,内蒙古地区奶牛源致病性沙门氏菌对兽医临床常用抗菌药物的耐药性较为严重,且ESBLs基因的流行模式较为复杂,提示兽医临床抗菌药物不合理使用可能是造成该地区奶牛源沙门氏菌耐药性产生的原因。     

牛粪堆制有机肥的施用量对观赏向日葵生长发育的影响

研究牛粪堆制的有机肥不同施用量对观赏向日葵生长发育的影响。通过测量观赏向日葵的株高、地茎、叶面积、叶绿素含量、花径、花序干重和植株干重等指标,确定牛粪堆制有机肥做为观赏向日葵基肥的适宜施用量。结果表明：牛粪堆制的有机肥与相同养分含量的化肥相比,更能促进观赏向日葵生长和开花;施肥量不同,其促进作用有差异,综合各项形态指标,当基质与牛粪堆制有机肥的比例为20：6或者20：7时,观赏向习葵的生长和开花性状均表现显著。     

人参及其主要活性成分对穴位区皮内微血管舒缩活动振幅的影响

为了证实人参治疗疾病的机理与其改善穴位区皮内微血管舒缩活动的相关性,试验采用离子导入仪和激光多普勒血流测定仪分析人参水煎剂及其有效成分人参皂苷Rb1,Re对穴位区皮内微血管舒缩活动的影响。结果表明：人参水煎液（10 mg/mL,干燥成粉后配成的浓度）及人参皂苷Rb1（10 mg/mL）、人参皂苷Re（10 mg/mL）均能显著提高穴位区微血管舒缩活动的振幅,而对其频率无显著性影响。人参治疗疾病的机理与其提高微血管舒缩活动的振幅具有密切关系。     

大白菜开花相关基因FLC1的BAC克隆筛选及分析

采用改良的混合池构建方法构建大白菜BAC文库一级混合池和二级混合池,利用开花相关基因FLC1特异引物对其进行PCR筛选。通过三步PCR扩增、114个PCR反应,筛选了19 200个克隆,获得了2个FLC1单克隆。克隆测序结果表明,其扩增产物的序列与大白菜FLC1的相似性达到99%,证实此克隆为含FLC1基因的BAC克隆。     

Effect of chronic intermittent hypoxia on memory and CREB expression in growing rats

AIM: To observe the alterations in cognition of growing rats exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) and to explore its underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats (3-week-old～4-week-old and 80 g to 100 g), which had been trained to complete the 8-arm (4-arm baited) radial maze, were randomly divided into 4 groups: 2-weeek-CIH group (2IH), 4-week-CIH group (4IH), 2-week-control group (2C) and 4-weeek-control group (4C). The intermittent hypoxia model was induced by putting the animals in an intermittent hypoxia cabin. When intermittent hypoxia was terminated, spatial memory of these growing rats was tested by 8-arm (4-arm baited) radial maze task, then, one rat in each group was randomly selected for ultrastructural observation. The hippocampus and prefrontal cortexes of the rats were collected for analyzing the mRNA and protein expression of CREB by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. RESULTS: (1) In the 8-arm (4-arm baited) radial maze task, the results indicated that the rats in the 4 groups displayed significant difference in their performance assessed by three measuremens: the reference memory error, the working memory error and total memory error (P<0.05, respectively). (2) Early apoptosis and destructure of the neurons in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex were observed under electron microscope in CIH exposed groups, especially in 4IH group, but not detected in 2C and 4C groups. (3) The expression levels of CREB mRNA and p-CREB protein in 2IH and 4IH groups were less than those in 2C and 4C groups in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (P<0.05, respectively), especially in the hippocampus of 4IH group (P<0.01). No difference was found within control groups (P>0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION: Exposure to experimentally-induced IH in growing rats is associated with time related spatial memory impairment. Chronic intermittent hypoxia leads to the disorders of neuron ultra-structure in memory related brain regions. It also inhabits the CREB transduction, expression and CREB phosphorylation, decreases the synthesis of the memory related protein. These factors maybe contribute to learning-memory impairment of growing rats exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia.     

甘肃叶蜂种类调查及分类研究 Ⅷ.叶蜂科麦叶蜂亚科、残青叶蜂亚科及基叶蜂亚科属种名录

整理采自甘肃膜翅目叶蜂科麦叶蜂亚科、残青叶蜂亚科及基叶蜂亚科标本总计98号,经鉴定分为5属23种。其中,麦叶蜂亚科2属12种:麦叶蜂属11种、凹眼叶蜂属1种;残青叶蜂亚科1属6种:残青叶蜂属6种;基叶蜂亚科2属5种:基叶蜂属3种、异基叶蜂属2种。包括9新种:武氏麦叶蜂、麦积麦叶蜂、长脊麦叶蜂、任氏麦叶蜂、短附麦叶蜂、纹背麦叶蜂、黑唇基叶蜂、黄氏大基叶蜂、白转异基叶蜂;1新亚种:日本残青叶蜂黑胫亚种;6甘肃新记录种和7已知种。     

陆川猪mtDNA D-loop序列遗传多样性分析

本研究测定了陆川猪17个个体mtDNA D-loop高变区序列,共检测到5个单倍型,单倍型多样度和核苷酸多样度分别为0.640和0.0074,表明陆川猪有较高的遗传多样性。结合已报道的中国地方猪种的mtDNA D-loop序列进行分析,结果发现,陆川猪和属于华中型的宁乡猪、大花白猪有很近的遗传关系,但与传统上同属华南型的香猪和滇南小耳猪的遗传关系较远,这与传统的分类方法不一致。     

芒果炭疽病拮抗菌J-15的鉴定及其生物学特性研究

对芒果炭疽病有防效的拮抗菌J-15进行鉴定,确定为蜡状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)。该菌株在14～45℃范围内能够生长,最适温度为38℃;在pH5.0～9.0范围内均能够生长,最适pH为6.5;对碳源﹑氮源﹑氨基酸利用率最高的分别为葡萄糖﹑牛肉膏﹑天冬酰胺。该菌株在2.0%NaCl渗透压条件下生长最好。菌株振荡培养结果表明其生长完全符合细菌群体生长规律。     

对4种魔芋花器的观察分析

对4种魔芋的开花习性和性状进行了系统观测研究,结果表明:花魔芋开花最早、花期短,滇魔芋与白魔芋次之,西盟魔芋开花最晚、花期最长.通过对魔芋花器的形态性状的比较分析,佛焰苞形状、肉穗花序比佛焰苞、附属器形状、有无中性器官、附属器散发的气味及成熟期果实颜色等几个形态性状种间的差异大;魔芋花器性状种内表现较为稳定,仅花序柄的颜色和斑纹以及附属器颜色有一定差异.