功能性堆肥及其浸提液在设施温室甜瓜栽培上的应用研究

以甜瓜蜜世界为试材,采用单因素完全随机设计,研究了功能性堆肥及其浸提液对甜瓜生长指标、叶绿素荧光参数、品质、单果质量及产量的影响,探讨堆肥及其浸提液在设施温室甜瓜栽培上的应用效果．为其在植物生产上的应用提供依据。结果表明,堆肥及其浸提液促进根系发育,有利于甜瓜叶面积、茎粗和株高的增加及叶片叶绿素的累积;显著提高qP,对Fv／Fm影响不显著;促进果实营养物质的累积,提高产量且改善品质;使甜瓜提前上市5-6d;降低施肥量63．28％以上,进而减少肥料成本42．86％。     

蜡样芽孢杆菌芽孢萌发及其对常规灭菌方法抵抗力的研究简

芽孢杆菌属细菌在芽孢状态下,对外界环境及理化因素具有高度抵抗力。适宜的温度、湿度及营养条件能促进芽孢萌发,影响其对常规灭菌方法的抵抗力。本试验选取蜡样芽孢杆菌作为研究对象,在适宜培养条件下使其形成芽孢,通过研究萌发后芽孢对温度、H₂O₂及含氯消毒剂等条件的抵抗力,证实了适当的条件（温度37 ℃、湿度40%、pH 7.4、30 min）能有效促进蜡样芽孢杆菌芽孢萌发,致使芽孢对高温（80 ℃、2 h）、H₂O₂（1.5 mol/L、2 h）及含氯消毒剂（有效氯含量约800 mg/L、2 h）等常规灭菌方法抵抗力明显降低,并能被有效杀灭和灭活,相对有效杀灭率分别达98.4%、98.9%及99.1%,有效杀灭率分别为88.3%、88.7%及88.9%,这对进一步研究芽孢杆菌属细菌的杀菌消毒条件具有重要参考意义。     

Development of Real-time Quantitative PCR Method for Rapid Detection of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157∶H7

A Real-time quantitative PCR method was developed for the rapid detection of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli （EHEC） O157∶H7 based on the primers and TaqMan probes which were designed for the conservative domain of rfbE gene of EHEC O157∶H7.The results showed that the sensitivity of Real-time PCR was 7.3 CFU/mL.20 from 310 samples of meat,egg,milk and its products,animal diarrhea materials and artificial contamination samples were positive detected by Real-time PCR assay,which was in accordance with the testing result according to AOAC standard.The results indicated that Real-time PCR assay was a sensitive,rapid and simple tool.     

1株肠炎沙门氏菌噬菌体的污水分离及生物学特性研究

Using double-layer plate method, a phage against Salmonella enteritidis was isolated from sewage water, and its biological characteristics were studied. The plaques of isolated phage were transparent with clear boundary, and were about 2 mm in diameter at 12 h. The morphological properties of phage were examined by electron microscope, and showed that the phage had an isometric polyhedral no-enveloped head with diameter of about 54 nm, and a long noncontractile tail with size of about 110 nm. The test of optimal multiplicity of infection showed when MOI equaled 2, the number of phage offspring was higher. One-step growth kinetics was determined according to the results of one-step growth experiment, which showed that the latent period was about 10 min, the rise period was about 100 min, and the average bust size was about 61. The phage against S.enteritidis was successfully isolated from the sewage water in this study, which would provide materials for the further biological control researches of S.enteritidis using corresponding phage.     

种子休眠机理的研究方法综述

主要从不同种子种壳、种皮的结构,种皮的透水性、透气性,种胚发育结构、形态,种子内含物成分的休眠机制进行综述,找到较好的实验方法研究种子的休眠机理,从不同的角度剖析种子休眠。     

Influence of dietary feathers on the fecal microbiota in captive Arctic fox: Do dietary hair or feathers play a role in the evolution of carnivorous mammals?

Hair and feathers are composed of keratin and are indigestible, inalimental and unpalatable for carnivores. However, carnivores often ingest hair and feathers during feeding or when grooming. We hypothesized that ingestion of hair and feathers changes species diversity and relative abundance of bacteria in the gut of carnivores. To test this hypothesis, we added disinfected poultry down feathers to the normal diet of captive Arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus). We then used fluorescently labeled terminal restriction fragments (T‐RFs) to examine changes in fecal bacterial diversity and abundance. The results showed that the number of bacterial species increased significantly after feather ingestion, but that total abundance was unchanged. This demonstrated that addition of disinfected feathers to the diet stimulated increased production among less abundant bacteria, resulting in a balancing of relative abundance of different bacterial species, or that some newly‐ingested microbial species would colonize the gut because a suitable microhabitat had become available. This implies that the overall production of bacterial metabolites would be made up of a greater range of substances after feather ingestion. On one hand, the host's immune response would be more diverse, increasing the capacity of the immune system to regulate gut microflora. On the other hand, the animal's physiological performance would also be affected. For wild animals, such altered physiological traits would be subjected to natural selection, and, hence, persistent geographic differences in the character of ingested feathers or fur would drive speciation.     

龙眼成龄树树形的研究

通过对“早熟一号”龙眼不同树形盛果期成龄树进行试验,发现开心形树形在光合生理指标、叶绿素含量和叶片N、P、K含量、果实产量和品种等方面都显著优于对照圆头形树形,也明显优于纺锤形树形。     

县级农业机械化学校的公益性发展措施

根据沈阳市县级农业机械化培训学校的基本情况,从培训主体、内容以发展方向3个方面,探讨县级农业机械化学校向公益性发展过程中应采取的主要措施,为促进县级农业机械化学校健康发展提供参考。     

不同栽培方法对桉树组培苗生长的影响

采用随机区组设计,在桉树组培苗移栽中开展不同育苗容器、基质和根系处理的试验,三因子的各个处理间的苗高均存在极显著差异。多重比较结果表明:采用塑料袋或无纺布育苗容器、轻基质和假植后剪根移栽为移栽的最优条件,可获得最大苗高的桉树组培苗。采用直接移栽的桉树组培苗出现根系逆向生长和卷曲的几率则明显大于通过剪根处理培育的桉树组培苗。     

鸡大肠杆菌病和新城疫混合感染的诊断与防治

通过对新疆哈密地区某养鸡场发生的大肠杆菌病与新城疫混合感染疫情的诊治,笔者从该病的发病情况、临床症状、病理变化、实验室诊断、治疗、预防等方面对鸡大肠杆菌病与新城疫混合感染疫病进行了较全面的介绍。