胰岛素样生长因子-1对动物被毛生长影响的研究进展

动物被毛生长是一个复杂的过程,受遗传、内分泌、营养及外界条件等各种因素的影响。而胰岛素样生长因子-1(insulin-like growth factor-1,IGF-1)是一种具有促进细胞增殖、分化,调节物质代谢等多种生物活性的多肽分子。研究结果发现,IGF-1对被毛/毛发生长的影响不仅局限于自身,同时介导一些细胞因子对被毛生长的调节作用。为阐明IGF-1在被毛/毛发生长方面的重要作用,文章就国内外IGF-1对动物被毛生长影响的研究进展进行综述。     

云南南亚热带多雨区引进禾本科牧草的适应性及评价

引进国外优良牧草栽培种14个在云南南亚热带多雨区进行种植,结果表明:贝斯莉斯克俯仰臂形草、纳罗克非洲狗尾草、海密尔大黍、海琴绸纹孔颖草、帕春青绿黍和无芒臂形草6个牧草品种在适应性,草产量和质量方面表现较好,适宜在该地区推广种植。     

半胱胺盐酸盐对泌乳20～42周奶牛产奶性能和部分免疫指标的影响

采用96头多胎荷斯坦奶牛,试验开始时平均泌乳时间为135d,平均日产奶量35kg。根据试验前1周日平均产奶量(M)将牛群分为4个产量组:第1组M≤30kg(n=24),第2组30kg40kg(n=24)。每组内随机划分半胱胺盐酸盐(Lactonin,LT)试验(Treatment,n=49)与对照(Control,n=47)。试验于平均泌乳期第20周开始,按剂量顺序给试验组奶牛添喂经过包被保护的半胱胺盐酸盐(Lactonin)2000～6000U/d,持续23周。试验1组(n=12)平均奶产量增加18%(P<0.05);4个试验组(n=49)平均乳脂率显著增加(P<0.05),乳蛋白率呈增加的趋势(0.05相似文献   

非电类工科专业《电子技术》课程教学改革的探究

对当前非电类工科专业在《电子技术》课程教学中存在的问题进行了阐述，并结合作者自己的教学经验探讨了非电类工科专业《电子技术》课程的内容设簧和教学方法。提出了教学内容应与所学专业相结合，提高学生学习的积极性与自觉性。并介绍了一些具体的改革方法，实践证明其改革效果较好。     

广西10个地方优质品种鸡γ-干扰素基因的克隆与序列分析

根据基因库中鸡γ-干扰素的基因序列设计了1对特异性引物，应用反转录-聚合酶链式反应（RT-PCR）技术，从ConA诱导培养的广西10个地方优质品种鸡外周血淋巴细胞RNA中扩增了γ-干扰素基因，结果，均得到了大小为520 bp的特异性片段。将扩增产物纯化并克隆到pMD18-T载体上，获得重组质粒，经PCR和EcoRⅠ＋SalⅠ双酶切鉴定后测序。序列分析结果表明，广西10个地方优质品种鸡γ-干扰席基因均编码145个氨基酸的成熟蛋白，分子质量约为16．8ku，与哺乳动物和其他品种鸡的核苷酸序列同源性分别为38．8％～39．0％和99．2％～100％，氨基酸序列同源性分别为23．69／6～24．8％和97．6％～99．4％。     

水牛卵母细胞去核方法的比较

水牛卵母细胞体外成熟22h后，分别用盲吸法、点击法和纺锤体成像系统（Spindle—View System）去核。结果，三者的去核率分别为65．1％、81．8％和95．0％，差异极显著（P〈0．01）。以水牛胎儿成纤维细胞为供体，通过核移植构建的重构胚的融合率、分裂率和囊胚发育率，在上述3种方法之间均没有显著差异（P〉0．05）。认为点击法是一种较为简单、实用和有效的去核方法。     

Genetic diversity decreases as population density declines: Implications of temporal variation in mitochondrial haplotype frequencies in a natural population of Tscherskia triton

Although the spatial genetic differentiation that occurs in animal populations has been extensively studied, information on temporal variations in genetic structure and diversity is still lacking, especially for animals with oscillating populations. In the present study, we used the mtDNA D‐loop sequence to assess the temporal genetic variation in samples from six successive years for the greater long‐tailed hamster, Tscherskia triton. Sampling was carried out between 1998 and 2003 in cropland on the North China Plain, China. A total of 108 individuals were analyzed. The temporal samples showed a high level of genetic diversity. Substantial genetic changes in haplotype frequencies over time were detected for the hamster population. Random genetic drift and migration are likely to be the major factors responsible for the observed temporal pattern. The genetic diversity of the hamster population was higher in years with higher population density, and lower in years with lower population density. The result supports our hypothesis that genetic diversity decreases when population density declines in animals whose population oscillates greatly between years. The combined effects of inbreeding and genetic drift caused by reproduction, dispersal and population size might play important roles in the observed changes in genetic structure and diversity between years.     

THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN RETRACTED Exergy as an ecological application used in the recovery process of benthic communities

Exergy, the thermodynamic function that represents the distance of an open system from equilibrium, is proposed as an ecological indicator for summarizing the complex dynamics occurring in a disturbed community during its recovery processes. These complex dynamics can be difficult to capture by using classical indices. In this study, we sampled macrobenthos using the BACI scheme (before versus after; control versus impact) in tidal wetlands of west Chongming Island, China, an area that has been disturbed by ecological engineering measures. Exergy storage is estimated for benthic communities. The control area is proposed as dynamic reference for estimating local exergy storage of the benthic community. Three different methods were used for estimating exergy on the basis of coefficients: (a) taken for taxa groups; (b) estimated from coding genes given for broad taxonomic groups; and (c) estimated from genome size taken as close as possible to the taxonomic level of the species, providing a basis for inferring similarities. We found a decrease of local exergy content in the disturbed area 9 days after the disturbance. Subsequently, the reference exergy of the benthic community increased (i.e. in the surrounding control area) in accordance with the proposed hypothesis regarding the dynamics of exergy storage during a system's development. Estimates of local exergy arrived at using the three methods provided comparable results. Based on this, we then discuss the feasibility of using the more readily available genome size data for estimating exergy. This result may have important implications for broader application of this indicator to biological systems. Moreover, the adjacent control samples seem to represent an appropriate dynamic reference for estimating the local exergy of disturbed communities. We found that exergy was a useful indicator that integrates the processes underlying the recovery of the benthic community after disturbance.     

主动免疫血管活性肠肽（VIP）对家鸽繁殖性能影响的初探

将３０对青年鸽随机分为三组,第一组用血管活性肠肽（ＶＩＰ）类似物与牛血清蛋白（ＢＳＡ）的偶联物进行主动免疫ＶＩＰ,第二组注射与第一组等量的生理盐水,第三组不做任何处理。在试验的第一阶段,除第三组外,第一、二组鸽在产蛋后立即将书目是拿出,试验结果显示：第一组与第二组鸽月产蛋量和周抱窝数差异不显著。但第一、二组鸽产蛋量与第三组（自然饲养组）差异极显著。在试验的第二阶段（Ｂ处理过程）均不把蛋拿出,则三组