酯酶同工酶在食用菌菌种选育中的应用研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 ,分析了不同培养时间和不同培养基种类对平菇、杏鲍菇、白灵菇酯酶同工酶的影响 ,结果表明在不同培养时间和不同培养基条件下 ,酯酶同工酶酶谱的酶带呈现不同的多态性 ,由此提示同工酶在食用菌菌种选育的应用上应固定最佳培养时间及最适培养基种类 ,并在所有操作条件一致的情况下 ,才能得到稳定准确的分析结果     

黄瓜花叶病毒丹参分离物的鉴定和外壳蛋白基因序列分析

 丹参(Salvia miltorrhiza Bge.)为唇形科鼠尾草属草本植物,以根入药,是我国一种常用大宗中草药。近年来河北安国中药材基地丹参上一种退化病十分严重,该病田间发病率高,有的田块高达60%~80%,表现为花叶、斑驳、卷叶、黄化、矮化等症状,严重影响了丹参的产量和品质。我们利用生物学、电镜观察、血清学方法和基因序列测定等方法对病原进行了初步研究,发现黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)与该病害密切相关     

Relation between TNF-α,TNFR I expression and apoptosis in oral lichen planus

AIM: To examine the expression and distribution of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), tumor necrosis factor receptor I (TNFR I) and apoptosis in oral lichen planus, and evaluate their roles and relation in the oral lichen. METHODS: Immunohistochemical technique and TUNEL were employed to study the expression of TNF-α, TNFR I and apoptosis in 50 cases of oral lichen planus and 10 normal oral mucosa specimens. RESULTS: Compared with the normal control group, TNF-α expression was upregulated in mononuclear cells in lamina propria and decreased in keratinocytes in oral lichen planus lesion (P<0.05). On the contrary, TNFR I expression was increased in keratinocytes and decreased in lamina propria in oral lichen planus lesion (P<0.05). The increased apoptosis index in keratinocytes and the decreased apoptosis index in lamina propria were found in oral lichen planus (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The accelerated apoptosis of keratinocytes and the inhibition of lymphocytes apoptosis may contribute to the formation and progression of oral lichen planus.     

Astrocyte proliferation in the rat hippocampus after middle cerebral artery occlusion

AIM: To study rat astrocyte proliferation in ipsilateral hippocampus following focal cerebral ischemia. METHODS: Ischemia was induced by temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). In hippocampus of rats at 3, 7 and 30 days after MCAO, the numbers and anatomic distribution of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were detected by immunohistochemistry. The protein expression of GFAP and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the ipsilateral hippocampus were analyzed by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: Astrocytes appeared hypertrophic, with increased process thickness and numbers at 7 days after MCAO, and the highest density of astrocytes were seen at 30 days in the CA1, CA2 regions of the ipsilateral hippocampus. Western blot analysis revealed that GFAP levels were normal at 3 days, but increased by 7 days and remained elevation at 30 days. Western blot analysis of PCNA protein also revealed identified upregulation PCNA at 3 days after MCAO and the expression peaked at 7 days. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that focal cerebral ischemia in the rat results in a rapid response, a process often referred to as reactive astrogliosis or glial scarring, from resident astrocytes of the ipsilateral hippocampus to the side of ischemia.     

Radioligand binding assay of insulin receptor in rabbit kidney during ischemic and reperfusion

AIM: To observe the change of insulin receptor in rabbit kidney with acute ischemic-reperfusion injury. METHODS: 15 Japanese white rabbits were allocated randomly into control group, ischemic-reperfusion group(IR group). IR group received clamping for 1 h followed by 2 h or 48 h of reperfusion. At 2 h or 48 h after reperfusion, glucose and insulin in serum were determined. Insulin receptor in renal tissue was analyzed by radioligand binging assay(BAD). RESULTS: The level of serum glucose increased after 2 h reperfusion in 2 groups, but in IR group the value increased much more higher than those in control groups(P＜0.05). Plasma insulin of IR group was significantly higher than that in control after 2 h reperfusion(P＜0.05). Scatchard analysis of data resulted in curvilinear profiles, indicating that there are two classes of receptors with different affinity or the presence of a single class of receptors with a negative cooperative hormone-receptor interaction. Data analyzed for a two-site model showed that the values of Bmax₁(high affinity site), Bmax₂(low affinity site) and Kd₁, Kd₂ were significantly lower than that of control (P＜0.05) after 2 h perfusion. 48 h after IR there was no difference of Bmax₁, Bmax₂, and Kd₁ between 2 groups,but Kd₂ of IR group was higher than that of control (P＜0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the effect of intrinsic insulin decreases in the progress of the renal ischemic-reperfusion. The resulting high serum glucose may aggravate renal injury in the progress of ischemic-reperfusion.     

蜱传性疾病--莱姆病螺旋体研究进展

莱姆病是一种蜱传性人兽共患病,在我国北方各省广泛流行,其病原体为伯氏疏螺旋体。莱姆病可使皮肤、心脏、关节和神经系统等多种组织器官受损。本文综述了莱姆病螺旋体的形态、种下分类、生化特征、传播媒介和贮存宿主等方面的研究进展"     

水牛附睾尾精子的体外受精

采用肝素诱导获能 ,比较了 TAL P液和 BO液处理水牛附睾尾精子进行体外受精和细管冷冻精液体外受精的效果。结果表明 ,用 BO液和 TAL P液分别处理水牛附睾尾精子 ,受精后的卵裂率分别为 4 6 .6 7%和 5 3.73% ,发育率分别为 2 1.6 7%和 2 6 .87% ,其受精效果差异不显著。综合 2种方法 ,水牛附睾尾精子的受精率为 5 7.14 % ,受精后的卵裂率为 5 0 .39% ;发育率相对于培养卵为 2 4 .4 1% ,相对于卵裂卵为 4 8.4 4 % ;与细管冷冻精液 (5 6 .0 0 % ,5 4 .31% ,2 6 .72 % ,4 9.2 1% )相比 ,差异不显著。形态学观察还表明 ,用保温干储的方法可获得活率好、存活时间长的附睾尾精子。试验结果说明水牛附睾尾精子用于体外受精可以得到与细管冷冻精液相当的效果。     

细胞松弛素B浓度对小鼠卵母细胞去核效果的影响

目的　探讨细胞松弛素 B浓度对小鼠卵母细胞去核效果的影响。方法　常规超排 KM小鼠获卵母细胞 ,将有明显第一极体的卵母细胞放入含有 5× 10 - 3、1× 10 - 2 、2× 10 - 2 g/ L CB的成熟培养液中孵育 15 min,采用盲吸法去核 ,去核后的卵母细胞放入含 5× 10 - 3g/ L Hoechst33342的成熟培养液中染色 15 min,在荧光显微镜下检查去核的效率。结果　 CB组去核率可达 88.2 % ,而对照组去核成功率仅达 2 9.7% ,两者的去核效果统计学上有显著差异 ;同时 CB的浓度过高会影响去核的效果 ,使卵母细胞的破溃率升高。结论　 CB有利于去核 ,同时卵胞膜可以借助磷脂双层的游动性而很快得到修复 ;高浓度的 CB对卵胞膜作用过于强烈 ,细胞骨架严重破坏 ,磷脂双层结构的弹性和粘性减弱 ,修复能力降低 ,影响胚胎的构建。     

饲喂柠条对肉兔生产性能及胴体性状影响的研究

选用45～48日龄平均体重1050g的伊普吕(父系)幼兔64只,分成4组,进行柠条饲喂肉兔试验.对照组饲粮中谷草比例为33.4%,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别用10%、20%和33.4%柠条替代等比例谷草.48天试验结果为:对照组、试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组日均采食量、日增重、料肉比分别为89.84g、92.95g、90.77g、79.95g,22.60g、23.30g、19.24g、17.90g,3.98:1、3.99:1、4.72:1、4.47:1.试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组与对照组日采食量、日增重、料肉比差异不显著(P＞0.05);屠宰试验结果为:试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ与对照组在胴体重、屠宰率、净肉率、肉骨比、心脏、肺脏、肝脏、肾脏等指标方面无显著差异(P＞0.05);而试验Ⅲ组日采食量、日增重均显著较对照组差(P＜0.05).试验结果表明:生长肉兔饲粮中添加10%～20%柠条粉是可行的,且饲粮成本较低.     

SSR和ISSR标记及其在牧草遗传与育种研究中的应用前景

SSR和ISSR的高突变率、丰富的多态性以及在基因组中的广泛性,使其成为了居群遗传学研究、种质资源鉴定、亲缘关系分析、遗传图谱构建和分子标记辅助选择的重要手段.概述了SSR和ISSR在植物基因组中的分布、结构和遗传方式,并对其研究方法和应用前景进行扼要阐述,旨在为从事牧草遗传育种研究的工作者提供有益的帮助.