东北玉米通风调质试验

东北地区储粮粮堆由于气候原因存在一个巨大的"冷心",冷心的主要应用方式为膜下环流均温控制和缓式通风上调冷心控粮温,这两种方式都是利用冷资源进行的粮温控制。而目前的粮堆增湿方式主要为湿膜机增湿和各种调质机增湿,利用"冷心"增湿还没有成功的案例。利用冷心增湿,内结露现象很严重,而且容易出现局部水分偏高现象,且违反机械通风操作规程1。但通过缓式通风的精确掌握和粮堆增湿理论的精确控制,大胆试验,事实证明冷心内结露增湿方式是可行的。试验将出仓前平均水分13.5%提高到最高14.8%,平均水分14.1%,达到试验预期目的。试验仓出仓验证实际增量21.05t,效益十分可观。     

Immune responses in piglets infected with highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection compromises the host's innate and adaptive immunity. The aim of this study was to investigate the immune responses of piglets infected with highly pathogenic (HP) PRRSV (HuN4 strain) with or without the immunization with CH-1R attenuated PRRSV vaccine. The response was evaluated for the clinical signs, pathological changes and virus load in immune organs, antibody responses and levels of serum IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10. The result showed that in comparison with the piglets received the immunization, the piglets infected with HP-PRRSV alone had the thymus atrophy, decreased serum levels of IL-4 and increased serum levels of IL-10 and INF-γ. These results suggest that elevated IL-10 levels at the early stage of the infection may enhance virus survival and delay the induction of protective immunity, while increased levels of IL-4 induce the effective immune responses and increase the animals' health status.     

不同鱼腥草生物特性及高效高产栽培技术研究

对鱼腥草的生物学特性进行了调查观察,特别对鱼腥草的人工栽培技术等方面进行了探索研究。收集鱼腥草种质资源23个,进行种植保存;并建立30多亩生产示范基地。结果：不同种源鱼腥草主要经济性状存在显著差异,其中地上茎叶产量以11号处理最高干品产量达0.93kg/m^2,比最低的10号处理0.38kg/m^2高144.74%。地下根鲜产量以处理4最高达5.5kg/m^2,比最低的17号处理1.7kg/m^2高223.53%;通过对23个种源地上干品产量、地下根鲜品产量统计比较结果,可选用11号、17号、16号等作为售茎叶为主的药用栽培品种,3号、4号、13号等作为售鲜根为主的菜用栽培品种。在栽培地上套种吊瓜可增产增效。     

一种新型集蔗器的结构设计及其有限元分析

集蔗器是甘蔗收割机中用来收集甘蔗的装置。通过总结前人所设计的集蔗器的优缺点,提出了一种新型集蔗机构—挡板式斜集集蔗器,并进行了结构设计、参数计算和三维建模;最后,为了验证所设计的集蔗器转轴的尺寸的合理性,通过有限元分析了软件ANSYS分析它在受外力情况下的变形情况和整体的应力分布情况。     

Pharmacokinetics of liposomal encapsulated buprenorphine suspension following subcutaneous administration to cats

We investigated the effects of liposome encapsulation at prolonging the systemic exposure of buprenorphine following subcutaneous administration in cats. Seven healthy male cats were dosed intravenously with 0.02 mg/kg buprenorphine solution (STD‐BUP), followed 14 days later by a subcutaneous injection of 0.2 mg/kg buprenorphine as a liposomal suspension (SUS‐BUP) containing drug molecules both in liposomes and the suspending vehicle. Buprenorphine time plasma concentration data for both dosing routes were analyzed simultaneously with four compartmental models. Goodness of fit was assessed both graphically and with the Akaike information criterion. The time‐course of intravenous STD‐BUP was biphasic, with a 4.39 h average terminal half‐life. The subcutaneous SUS‐BUP produced plasma buprenorphine concentrations above 0.5 μg/L for more than 96 h, with three distinct peaks in the first 15 h. The model with best fit comprised a central and a peripheral compartment, plus three subcutaneous absorption compartments: one of dissolved drug molecules that were absorbed through a first‐order process, and two of liposome‐encapsulated drug molecules that were transferred to the solution compartment through separate zero‐order processes. Liposomes effectively prolonged the systemic exposure of buprenorphine in cats.     

Technical note: Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of florfenicol and thiamphenicol in swine feed

One polyclonal antibody against florfenicol and thiamphenicol was produced and a competitive ELISA was developed for the detection of florfenicol and thiamphenicol in swine feed. The ELISA gave a 50% inhibiting concentration of 1.02 ng/mL for florfenicol. For swine feed fortified with 0.05 to 3.0 mg/kg, the interassay recoveries of florfenicol and thiamphenicol ranged from 86.4 to 118.6%, whereas intraassay recoveries of both drug ranged from 90.1 to 126.5% with less than 15% CV. Results obtained from HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry indicated this ELISA procedure could be used as a convenient method for rapid screening of florfenicol and thiamphenicol in swine feed.     

Genetic analysis of vesicular stomatitis virus-New Jersey from the 1995 outbreak in the western United States

OBJECTIVE: To compare molecular associations between the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-New Jersey isolates of the 1995 outbreak with those from previous outbreaks between 1982 and 1985 in the western United States. SAMPLE POPULATION: 23 virus isolates considered representative of the 1995 outbreak of vesicular stomatitis. PROCEDURE: Viral gene coding for surface-envelope protein G was evaluated by use of nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS: Changes in up to 0.77% of the nucleotide bases and 1.35% of the amino acids were detected among the 1995 viral isolates, whereas changes in up to 3.2 and 2.9% of the nucleotides and amino acids, respectively, were found, compared with the 1982 to 1985 viruses. Insertions or deletions were not found in the entire gene, which spanned 1,554 nucleotide bases. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the 1995 VSV-New Jersey belongs to a lineage distinct from that of the 1982 to 1985 viruses that caused previous outbreaks in the western United States. Furthermore, it also is distinct from strains from Central America and from the Georgian Hazelhurst strain.     

Antibodies produced by mice immunized with recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing two different types of a major Theileria sergenti surface antigen (p32) react with the native surface antigen.

A 32 kDa major surface antigen, p32, of Theileria sergenti at the piroplasm stage is the main target of the host immune response. The immunogenic property of the p32 varies in some strains among the population of Theileria sergenti in Japan where the Chitose type and the Ikeda type are the most common varieties. We have constructed vaccinia virus recombinants vv/p32C and vv/p32I which harbor the Chitose and Ikeda types of p32 gene, respectively. It was found that vv/p32C and vv/p32I produced type-specific p32 which did not cross react with the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the other type of p32. When mice were immunized with vv/p32C and vv/p32I, antibodies against p32 were detectable 2 weeks after the immunization, and these antibodies reacted with the native surface antigen in purified T. sergenti merozoite.     

Long‐term use of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in cats with chronic kidney disease: from controversy to optimism

This is the first of a series of capsule reviews published by the World Small Animal Veterinary Association ‐ Global Pain Council (WSAVA‐GPC). Each of these short articles provides a brisk assessment of the scientific evidence in specific aspects of pain management, including analgesic techniques, recommendations and controversies surrounding their use. In this first capsule review, the scientific evidence available on the long‐term use of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in cats with concomitant chronic pain and chronic kidney disease is discussed.     

Pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline in hemolymph from the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis

Feng, Q., Wu, G. H., Liang, T. M., Ji, H. Y., Jiang, X. J., Gu, W., Wang, W. Pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline in hemolymph from the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 34 , 51–57. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hemolymph kinetics and depuration time of oxytetracycline following intramuscular administration at doses of 2, 8 and 40 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The concentration of OTC in hemolymph was assayed using solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography. The elimination half‐life of the terminal part of the elimination phase (t_1/2β) ranged from 87.9 to 114.3 h. The total body clearance (CL_b) was 0.0430 L/kg/h at the lower dose, 0.0123 L/kg/h at the medium dose and 0.0013 L/kg/h at the higher dose. The apparent volume of the central compartment (V_c) was found to be 1.383, 0.699 and 0.143 L/kg respectively. The depuration time for each dose was 13.6, 29.6 and 57.6 days, respectively. Results from the present study suggest that the 40 mg/kg dose might have the best therapeutic efficacy following intramuscular administration.