A bifurcating pathway directs abscisic acid effects on stomatal closure and opening in Arabidopsis

Terrestrial plants lose water primarily through stomata, pores on the leaves. The hormone abscisic acid (ABA) decreases water loss by regulating opening and closing of stomata. Here, we show that phospholipase Dalpha1 (PLDalpha1) mediates the ABA effects on stomata through interaction with a protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) and a heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein (G protein) in Arabidopsis. PLDalpha1-produced phosphatidic acid (PA) binds to the ABI1 PP2C to signal ABA-promoted stomatal closure, whereas PLDalpha1 and PA interact with the Galpha subunit of heterotrimeric G protein to mediate ABA inhibition of stomatal opening. The results reveal a bifurcating signaling pathway that regulates plant water loss.     

职业教育在农村剩余劳动力转移中的作用初探

我国农村剩余劳动力整体素质低,就业压力大,就业质量低已经成为劳动力转移的障碍,通过农村职业教育,在一定程度上消除农村劳动力转移的障碍,促进农村劳动力向非农领域转移,成为解决三农问题,加快小康社会进程的重要选择。     

Study on the porcinophilic foot-and-mouth disease virus I. production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against VP1

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) reported here were produced against the porcinophilic foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) that caused the devastating swine disease on 1997 in Taiwan. A panel (25) of MAbs were found to react with VP1 of O/Taiwan/97 (O/97) by ELISA with various potencies. The biological identities of these VP1 reacting MAbs, such as neutralization activity, isotype and capability to distinguish between two serotype O FMDVs, O/97 and O/Taiwan/KM1/99 (O/99), were further analyzed. Eleven out of the total eighteen O/97 neutralizing MAbs were able to neutralize heterologous O/99. Eight O/97 neutralizing and five non-neutralizing MAbs could differentiate two serotype O FMDVs by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) implied that these thirteen MAbs recognized O/97 specific epitope(s). Furthermore, reactivities of the VP1 reacting MAbs with a 29 amino acids synthetic peptide (P29) representing the betaG-betaH loop of VP1 were analyzed by ELISA and fourteen were found positive. MAb clone Q10E-3 reacting strongest with VP1 and P29, neutralizing both but not differentiating two serotype O viruses suggested that the antibody binding site might involve the RGD motif and its C terminal conserved region on betaG-betaH loop. MAbs with diverse characters presented in this study were the first raised against porcinophilic FMDV. The complete set of MAbs may be used for further studies of vaccine, diagnostic methods, prophylaxis, etiological and immunological researches on FMDV.     

芦笋茎枯病菌的鉴定及区域差异性分析

芦笋茎枯病是一种世界性分布的毁灭性病害,为准确鉴定其致病菌和探明不同区域菌株的分化程度,通过形态学观察和核糖体DNA内转录间区(rDNA ITS)序列比对进行形态学和分子生物学鉴定,比较五省份菌株的生物学特性和ITS序列上的差异,并进行系统发育分析。结果表明,芦笋茎枯病的致病菌为天门冬拟茎点霉Phomopsis asparagi。海南省菌株的菌丝生长较快,培养5天后的平均直径为8.5 cm;培养14天后,江西省菌株由白色变为淡绿色,其它各省菌株由白色变为灰白色,海南省菌株的菌落呈现同心轮纹状;福建省菌株产生的分生孢子器较多,平均60个/皿;五省菌株在1～238 bp和298～591 bp的ITS区段存在差异性碱基,其中河北省菌株的差异性碱基数最多;五省菌株大致聚为2个组群,河北省菌株单独聚为1个组群,其它省份菌株聚为1个组群,天门冬拟茎点霉P.asparagi与叶下珠生拟茎点霉P.phyllanthicola亲缘关系较近。     

赤霉酸·6-BA 3.6%液剂高效液相色谱分析方法研究

本文采用高效液相色谱法,以甲醇＋甲酸水溶液为流动相,使用ODSC18、51μm为填料的不锈钢柱和二极管阵列检测器。在210nm波长下对赤霉酸·6-BA进行分离和定量分析。结果表明,该分析方法的线性相关系数赤霉酸为O．9999;6-BA为0．998;标准偏差赤霉酸为0．01;6-BA为0．02;变异系数赤霉酸为0．46％;6-BA为0．30％;赤霉酸平均回收率为97．7％;6-BA平均回收率为98．7％。     

林木害虫监测技术的研究进展

随着国际间贸易的频繁,外来林木害虫传入我国的风险加大,评估外来林木害虫扩散趋势和速度,建立有效的外来林木害虫监测系统显得尤为迫切。本文结合本课题组有关林木害虫诱集已取得的成果,综述了近年来国内外对外来林木害虫诱集监测技术的研究进展,并就建立适合我国的外来林木害虫监测体系提出建议。     

番石榴实蝇3龄幼虫辐照处理试验研究

番石榴实蝇(Bactrocera correcta(Bezzi))起源于南亚,是一种为害热带、亚热带水果和蔬菜的重要害虫,极易随寄主果实人为传播。为了寻求一种对该虫高效、安全的除害处理技术,本文应用钴60(60Co)对感染番石榴实蝇的番石榴果实进行辐照处理。结果表明:阻止番石榴实蝇达到机率值9的致死剂量LD99.9968为125.54(101.23～167.52)Gy,采用113Gy处理69 118头番石榴实蝇3龄幼虫,没有成虫羽化。该剂量可以作为检疫除害处理的参考指标。     

浅黄恩蚜小蜂产雌和产雄生殖行为

室内观察并比较了浅黄恩蚜小蜂的产雌和产雄生殖行为。根据观察结果,将两种生殖过程划分为四个阶段：（1）体外用触角检测寄主,（2）产卵器检测寄主体内环境,（3）排卵及（4）拔出产卵器。产雌和产雄生殖行为在寄主体内检测时的身体摆动、产卵时蜂相对静止程度、产卵器拔出动作和在寄主表面穿刺次数等方面均存在差异。在产雌和产雄生殖行为中,蜂对寄主的检测时间不存在显著差异（分别为14.84 s、15.50 s）,而寄主的体内检测时间（分别为190.23 s、482.55 s）,在两者间存在显著差异。产雌寄生时,雌蜂是否出现＂静止＂及产卵器是否抽动拔出可以作为产卵的判断标准,但对产雄寄生,则无法通过行为动作来进行判断。     

生鲜类农产品物流服务绩效评价

目前,我国生鲜类农产品物流处于起步、发展阶段。在建立生鲜类农产品物流系统的同时,进行有效的物流绩效评价,对不断完善和提高其物流管理水平,使其成为农业的"第三利润源泉"具有重要意义。     

采自西藏的盔孢菌属2个中国新记录种

报道了采自西藏林芝地区的盔孢菌属2个中国新记录种,即细条盔孢菌(Galerina filiformis A.H.Sm.&Singer)和紊纹盔孢菌(G.perplexa A.H.Sm.),提供了2个种的详细描述和线条图,并与相近种进行了比较和讨论。