Use of comparative proteomics to identify the effects of creatine pyruvate on lipid and protein metabolism in broiler chickens

Four hundred male chickens were selected to study the effects of pyruvate (Pyr), creatine pyruvate (CrPyr) and creatine (Cr) on the expression of hepatic mitochondrial and cytoplasm proteins associated with lipid and protein metabolism. Mitochondrial purification was accomplished using the two-step differential centrifugation and density gradient method, and the activities of organelle-specific marker enzymes were determined to assess the purity of the mitochondria. Proteins were extracted and fractionated by two-dimensional electrophoresis and the differential protein spots were assessed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. CrPyr reduced fatty acid accumulation by down-regulating adipose differentiation-related protein, inhibited ATP synthase expression, and reduced cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) expression, thus reducing the levels of high density lipoprotein and triglycerol (TG) levels (thereby lowering fat and cholesterol deposition). CrPyr increased the expression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF) 2B, calreticulin (CRT) and eIF3a, thus promoting protein synthesis. CrPyr up-regulated the expression of fatty acid-binding proteins, CETP and apolipoprotein A-IV in cytoplasmic extracts, and these proteins accelerated the decomposition of fatty acids and TG, thus reducing fat deposition. In conclusion, CrPyr plays an important role in lipolysis and protein synthesis, and this effect was more pronounced than was the effect of Pyr and Cr.     

赛里木拉丝酸奶中优势菌株发酵乳对血管紧张素转化酶的抑制作用

利用改进的紫外分光光度法,测定从新疆赛里木拉丝酸奶中分离出的瑞士乳杆菌mb2-1、嗜热链球菌mb5-1以及马克斯克鲁维酵母Y6单菌和混菌发酵脱脂乳对血管紧张素转化酶抑制率。结果表明:瑞士乳杆菌mb2-1、嗜热链球菌mb5-1单菌发酵对血管紧张素转化酶抑制率48h达到最高,分别为70.75%、47.17%;与马克斯克鲁维酵母Y6混合发酵48h,对血管紧张素转化酶抑制率分别为75.68%和44.85%。     

不同性别的家蚕饲育的研究

对不同性别的家蚕进行饲养，其结果调查如下：食下量雌蚕较雄蚕多，消化率雌蚕较雄蚕低，熟蚕丝腺量 雌较雄的重，而遗腹丝雌较雄的轻，全茧量雌的较雄的重，茧量雌雄无差异，茧丝量雌较雄的轻，茧丝长雌较雄的短，这说明饲养雄蚕的经济效益比雌蚕高。     

山东省沂南县动物强制免疫“先打后补”现状分析

2021年,沂南县推进动物疫病强制免疫“先打后补”工作,依托“鲁牧云”信息平台,通过强化组织领导,加强政策宣贯,强化人员培训,放开强免疫苗经营渠道,提供抗体检测无偿服务等措施,提升了养殖场户“先打后补”的积极性、自主性、灵活性,强化了养殖场户动物防疫主体责任,满足了养殖场户疫苗多样化需求。但由于 “先打后补”补助金额少、社会化服务不规范、基层动物防疫体系弱化、缺少配套工作经费等原因,部分养殖场户实施“先打后补”的积极性不高。建议通过规范社会化服务组织,强化培训水平,提高补助标准,强化三级（县乡村）基础设施建设,升级“鲁牧云”等措施,确保“先打后补”政策惠及更多养殖场户。     

科尔沁草地植被特征

科尔沁草地有维管束植物１６４２种，隶属１２４科，５４属，其中菊科，禾本科，豆科，蔷薇科合计１５６属，５９１种，分别占全地区总属数，总种数的２８．８４％和３５．９９％，全部植物属于１５个区系成分，以达乌尔－蒙古成分起主导作用。多年生草本植物（１００９种）是构成科尔沁草地植被的主体，中生植物（１１４１种）居优势地位，沙生植物和盐生植物的广泛分布也是本地区植被的重要特征，草原植被水平分布规律基本上呈西北     

转基因家畜生物反应器浅谈（续）

转基因家畜生物反应器浅谈（续）陈庄，魏平华（广东省农科院畜牧研究所广州５１０６４０）２转基因家畜生物反应器研究的进展目前，转基因动物研究有三大焦点：一是转基因方法研究；二是利用转基因动物来研究动物基因的表达调控机制；三是利用转基因动物生产非常规畜牧产...     

微生态制剂在杂粕型日粮中的应用展望

二十一世纪人类面临资源紧缺、环境污染、生态破坏等一系列严峻的挑战,其中资源问题已经成为人类社会,特别是中国这样的发展中人口大国可持续发展的最主要瓶颈。20世纪80年代以来,随着我国养殖业连续20多年以年平均9％以上的高速度增长,畜牧主产区的饲料资源短缺问题也越来越严重,以蛋白质饲料较为突出。     

邻苯二甲醛杀菌作用研究

为了检测邻苯二甲醛（ortho-phthalaloehyole,以下简称OPA）的杀菌效果。我们选择大肠杆菌，沙门氏菌，葡萄球菌，魏氏梭菌，荧光假单胞菌，蜡样芽孢杆菌作为试验菌株，采用MIC法测定OPA在不同温度下的最低杀菌浓度，并与甲醛，戊二醛作比较，同时将OPA配成5%的存贮液置不同条件下保存，测定其稳定性，试验结果表明，0.1%-0.7%（W/V）OPA具有杀菌作用，其5%的存贮液在不同条件下保存10个月以上，杀菌效果基本不变。     

Epizootiologic survey for Babesia microti among small wild mammals in northeastern Eurasia and a geographic diversity in the beta-tubulin gene sequences

We previously reported that small wild rodents in Japan harbor two types of novel Babesia microti-like parasites (designated as Hobetsu and Kobe types), but not the type commonly found in the northeastern United States (U.S. type) where human babesiosis is endemic. To determine whether these new types of parasites are distributed in places surrounding Japan, an epizootiologic survey was undertaken in three geographically distant areas in northeastern Eurasia; South Korea, Vladivostok in Russia, and Xinjiang in China. Blood samples were collected from a total of 387 animals comprising 24 species. DNAs extracted from the samples were tested by nested PCR targeting babesial nuclear small-subunit rRNA gene (rDNA), which revealed that small rodents harboring B. microti exist in all three survey areas. Sequence analysis showed that all PCR-positive samples had rDNA sequences virtually identical to that of U.S.-type B. microti. However, when beta-tubulin gene sequences were compared, evident geographic variations were seen. By use of primers specific for each of the beta-tubulin genes of Kobe-, Hobetsu-, and U.S.-type parasites, a type-specific PCR was developed. Parasite with Hobetsu- or Kobe-type sequence was not detected from any of the three survey areas. These findings suggest that U.S.-type B. microti is widely distributed among small wild mammals in temperate zones of not only North America, but also Eurasia, whereas that Hobetsu- and Kobe-type parasites may be uniquely distributed in Japan.     

螺旋CT在判断胃肠道穿孔部位中的价值

目的探讨螺旋CT在胃肠道穿孔定位诊断中的价值。方法对32例手术证实成人胃肠道穿孔病人进行回顾性分析。结果32例患者中,胃、十二指肠球部穿孔20例,十二指肠腹膜后段穿孔1例,空回肠穿孔6例,阑尾穿孔3例,结肠穿孔2例。提示穿孔部位CT征象有:气腹、腹膜腔及腹膜后间隙积液、穿孔部位局限性肠壁增厚和周围脂肪间隙模糊。结论螺旋CT不仅能确定有无胃肠道穿孔,而且能初步判断其穿孔部位。其中局限性肠壁增厚及周围脂肪间隙密度增高、邻近腹腔、腹膜后间隙积液为诊断穿孔部位较为特异性征象。