中国山羊品种资源及其遗传多样性研究

本文论述了中国山羊的起源、品种遗传资源及其遗传多样性的研究进展。最新调查 显示中国的山羊品种达50个,其中43个为地方品种,4个培育品种,3个引入品种,许多品种 具有独特的生产性能或适应能力。大量研究表明,我国山羊遗传多样性较为丰富。     

植物源农用杀菌剂银泰对作物刺激生长作用

本文通过应用植物源农用杀菌剂银泰的不同浓度处理草莓和菠菜，测定绿色面积指数、叶面积指数、根冠比、叶绿素含量、硝酸还原本科活性、生物产量、经济产量。结果表明，银泰对草莓和菠菜均具有明显的刺激生长作用。     

冷藏和气调处理对青花菜 Glucoraphanin 含量的影响

Glucoraphanin (4-甲基亚磺酰丁基芥子油苷 )在青花菜中含量丰富 ,其降解产物Sulforaphane具很强的抗癌活性。本试验以‘Marathon’青花菜为试材 ,将新鲜花球切成小花球后用 10 0mg/L的NaClO表面消毒 1min ,清水洗净。分别取 6 5 0g花球置于 0℃、 5℃和 10℃冷藏 ,并在 5℃下进行 5种气调处理 :1)Air,2 )Air+10 %CO2 ,3)Air+2 0 %CO2 ,4) 1%O2 ,5 ) 1%O2 +10 %CO2 。每一处理分别在处理当天、处理后 3、 6、 9、 12d取样 5 0g ,真空冷冻干燥 ,并研磨成粉末状贮藏于 4℃待用。将 0 .2g冷冻干燥样品在沸水中煮 10min ,35 0 0g离心 5m…     

腐败组织中毒鼠磷的GC／NPD、GC／ECD检验

本文初步建立了一套混合溶剂提取、中性层析氧化铝小柱净化及GC／ECD和GC／NPD分析的腐败生物样材中毒鼠磷的检验方法。GC／ECD的检出限为1ng;GC/NPD的检出限为20ng。     

沙棘植物资源的综合利用

依据有关沙棘的研究文献,综述了沙棘的形态特征、生物学特征与分布及其生态效益、生化特性、医学用途、饮料、食品、化妆品生产中的应用、饲用价值等,提出了沙棘资源当前与今后开发利用的建议.     

核桃早实性状的RAPD分析

 用BSA (Bulked Segregant Analysis) 法获得了与核桃早实性状相关的RAPD 标记OPB208₉₀₀。混合分离群体的混合样来自早实品种辽1 的自然授粉实生后代。用220 个随机引物扩增早实和晚实混合样, 只有引物OPB208 ( 5. GTCCACACGG 3. ) 在早实混合样及其个体上扩增出了约900 bp 的特异带OPB208₉₀₀, 而在晚实混合样及其个体上无此特异带。用OPB208 为引物, 以19 个品种和3 个株系的DNA 为模板进行扩增,特异带OPB208₉₀₀在17 个早实品种中的12 个个体上出现, 而5 个晚实品种( 系) 上均无此带。     

早熟、优质、耐贮梨新品种新梨7号选育研究

以库尔勒香梨为母本,早酥梨为父本,有性杂交选育成新梨７号品种。该品种同时兼备优质、早熟与耐贮藏性;该品种遗传了父本的早熟性,比父本更早熟１５~２０ｄ,盛花期~果实可食期约８０~９５ｄ,属于早熟品种;且遗传了母本品质性状的质地酥脆、耐贮、清香、阳面红晕,比母本果个大,果心小。果柄木质化,丰产抗风。新梨７号果实贮藏期的可溶性固形物、果实重量、果实硬度和果实前期腐烂率的变化与库尔勒香梨基本相似,但耐热能力高于母本。凡适宜香梨、早酥、苹果梨和巴梨种植的地区,都适宜该品种的种植。     

早熟春大白菜新品种三园春皇的选育

从北京、天津引进的大白菜品种中选育出两个自交不亲和系 90 2和 90 7,继而配制成春大白菜一代杂种三园春皇。该品种早熟 ,生长期 6 0～ 6 5d(天 ) ;一般 6 6 7m2 产量 40 0 0～ 6 0 0 0kg ,比对照鲁春白 1号增产16 % ;抗病毒病和霜霉病 ,对软腐病的抗性与对照相近 ;叶球橄榄形 ,质地脆嫩 ,品质优良。单球质量 2～ 2 .5kg     

Spatial dependence and the relationship of soil organic carbon and soil moisture in the Luquillo Experimental Forest,Puerto Rico

We used geo-spatial statistical techniques to examine the spatial variation and relationship of soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil moisture (SM) in the Luquillo Experimental Forest (LEF), Puerto Rico, in order to test the hypothesis that mountainous terrain introduces spatial autocorrelation and crosscorrelation in ecosystem and soil properties. Soil samples (n = 100) were collected from the LEF in the summer of 1998 and analyzed for SOC, SM, and bulk density (BD). A global positioning system was used to georeference the location of each sampling site. At each site, elevation, slope and aspect were recorded. We calculated the isotropic and anisotropic semivariograms of soil and topographic properties, as well as the cross-variograms between SOC and SM, and between SOC and elevation. Then we used four models (random, linear, spherical and wave/hole) to test the semi-variances of SOC, SM, BD, elevation, slope and aspect for spatial dependence. Our results indicate that all the studied properties except slope angle exhibit spatial dependence within the scale of sampling (200 – 1000 m sampling interval). The spatially structured variance (the variance due to the location of sampling sites) accounted for a large proportion of the sample variance for elevation (99%), BD (90%), SOC (68%), aspect (56%) and SM (44%). The ranges of spatial dependence (the distances within which parameters are spatially dependent) for aspect, SOC, elevation, SM, and BD were 9810 m, 3070 m, 1120 m, 930 m and 430 m, respectively. Cross correlograms indicate that SOC varies closely with elevation and SM depending on the distances between samples. The correlation can shift from positive to negative as the separation distance increases. Larger ranges of spatial dependence of SOC, aspect and elevation indicate that the distribution of SOC in the LEF is determined by a combination of biotic (e.g., litterfall) and abiotic factors (e.g., microclimate and topographic features) related to elevation and aspect. This demonstrates the importance of both elevation and topographic gradients in controlling climate, vegetation distribution and soil properties as well as the associated biogeochemical processes in the LEF.This revised version was published online in May 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

西瓜新品种‘红冠龙’

 ‘红冠龙’为中熟西瓜一代杂种, 全生育期100 d 左右, 果实椭圆形, 平均单瓜质量8 kg 以上, 瓤红色, 可溶性固形物含量12. 2 %, 高抗枯萎病、炭疽病, 抗旱耐湿性均佳, 适合全国主要西瓜产区种植。