Alteration of efferent system functions in noise-induced hearing loss patients

AIM:To investigate the changes of efferent system functions in noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) patients and find out a method of clinic diagnosis for NIHL.METHODS:The amplitudes of distortion product otoacoustic emission were measured with and without contralateral broad-band noise using Celesta-503 otoacoustic emission analyzer. The efferent system functions were evaluated by the amplitudes of contralateral suppression.RESULTS:The contralateral suppressions in NIHL patients were significant lower than those in control group in low frequency (0.75 kHz and 1 kHz) of DP-gram and low level primary tone in 2 kHz input/output function. There were no significant differences in contralateral suppressions of 4 kHz and 6 kHz input/output function between NIHL patients and control group.CONCLUSION:The contralateral suppressions in NIHL patients are lower than those in normal hearing subjects and the measurements of efferent system functions could be used in early detection and clinic diagnosis for NIHL.     

贵州主要地方优良草种选育及种子产业化研究项目经济效益测算

利用<农业科技成果经济效益计算方法>对"贵州主要地方优良草种选育及种子产业化研究"项目进行成果经济效益分析,结果表明:在计算年限内,该成果每年可增加纯收入926.96万元,科研经费与新增纯收益比为1:6.58,其成果效益明显,产生了較好的经济效益、社会效益和生态效益.该成果的进一步推广应用将有利于贵州省实施西部大开发和加快农业种植结构调整,尤其是对退耕还草种草畜、发展生态草地畜牧业及治理生态环境建设具有重要作用.     

藏北典型高寒草甸地上生物量的遥感估算模型

本研究利用2010和2011年6-9月高寒嵩草草甸群落地上生物量数据和同期的中分辨率成像光谱仪(moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer,MODIS)影像数据,建立了西藏自治区拉萨当雄高寒草甸的地上生物量遥感估算模型。在探讨群落地上生物量与归一化植被指数(normalized difference vegetation indices,NDVI)、增强型植被指数(enhanced vegetation indices,EVI)以及地表水分指数(land surface water indices, LSWI)相关关系的基础上,构建了群落地上生物量与各指数的线性或非线性(包括对数函数、二次多项式、三次多项式、幂函数、增长曲线、指数函数)估算模型,并进行了模型验证。结果表明, 1)3个指数中EVI的模拟效果最好,NDVI次之,LSWI最差;2)所有模型中线性模型的模拟效果最好,EVI的线性模型为:y=174.225x,R²=0.975, P<0.001,NDVI的线性模型为:y=115.478x,R²=0.956, P<0.001;3)在预测效果方面,幂函数模型最好,线性模型次之,其平均误差分别仅为9.76%和10.8%,因此,两者都可以用于高寒草甸群落地上生物量的模拟。     

地下水位对河套灌区生态环境的影响

随着我国大型灌区节水改造工程的实施,河套灌区年引水量将由年均引水量的50多亿m3逐渐减少到2010年的40亿m3。由于引黄水量的减少,地下水位开始下降,土壤表层盐份相随减少,灌区生态环境得到改善。但地下水位继续下降将会对灌区生态环境产生什么样的效应?本文通过实地调查和参考本地区过去及其它地区的实验资料,对灌区年灌溉引水量及地下水位变化做了分析,并对其产生的生态环境效应进行了讨论。建议灌区年引水量保持现有水平;在小区域抓紧试验观察地下水位进一步降低带来的影响;利用灌溉间息水补充生态水,避免地下水位进一步降低,以保持或进一步改善生态环境。     

不同增稠剂对农药可分散油悬浮剂稳定性的影响

为明确不同增稠剂对以矿物油为分散介质的油悬浮体系稳定性的影响,以12.5%丙炔·吡嘧(丙炔噁草酮·吡嘧磺隆)可分散油悬浮剂为对象,通过流变学和多重光散射方法,研究了有机膨润土、有机高分子和气相二氧化硅3类增稠剂单独使用及有机膨润土和其他两类增稠剂分别搭配使用对可分散油悬浮剂物理稳定性的影响。结果表明:所有样品的流动特性指数(n)均小于1,为假塑性流体,具有触变性。除有机膨润土和高分子增稠剂Atlox Rheostrux100组合使用时体系更符合Casson方程外,其余样品均更符合Herschel-Bulkley方程。单独使用时,有机膨润土对保证体系稳定的效果相对较好;Atlox Rheostrux 100和Atlox Rheostrux200两种高分子增稠剂的效果差别较大,其中Atlox Rheostrux 100效果更好,这可能是由分子结构差异造成;两种气相二氧化硅类增稠剂由于不能有效形成氢键,效果较差。将有机膨润土和有机高分子增稠剂组合使用时,体系的稳定性有所提升,其中有机膨润土869和Atlox Rheostrux 100组合使用效果更好,体系具有较高的黏度,且具有良好的触变性,物理稳定性优异;有机膨润土869和疏水气相二氧化硅R974组合使用时则效果没有明显的提升。研究表明,流变学和多重光散射两种方法均能较好地表征可分散油悬浮剂的物理稳定性;新型高分子增稠剂和有机膨润土具有协同作用,将二者合理组合添加能大幅提升可分散油悬浮剂的稳定性。     

九华囊粉蚧幼期形态描记及其袋状附器来源讨论

该文首次描述和图标了九华囊粉蚧(Porisaccus jiuhuaensis(Wu))的各龄幼期特征.基于足和漏斗状内陷从第一龄若虫至成虫的发展变化情形，作者讨论了雌成虫体腹面的袋状附器的来源，认为其乃后足退化变形之物.      

松毛虫CPV、B.t.林间防治第一代马尾松毛虫试验初报

用松毛虫CPV和B.t.进行喷雾防治马尾松毛虫试验，试验表阴：药后18d两种生物药剂的防治效果均在70%以上，B.t.达86．98％，CPV与B.t.的混合使用防效达85．04％。     

甜玉米新品种‘华旺甜7号’

‘华旺甜7号’是鲜食型黄白粒超甜玉米新品种。长势旺,整齐度好,单穗质量341~358 g。品质优,可溶性糖含量35.55%~39.25%。果皮薄(66.83~67.87μm),适口性好,一级果穗率85%~86%。中抗纹枯病,高抗小斑病。适应性强,丰产性好,鲜穗产量17 643.5 kg·hm~(-2)。     

灵芝原生质体融合子的SRAP分子标记鉴定

为验证新型SRAP分子标记技术用于灵芝(Ganoderma lucidum)原生质体融合子鉴定的可行性,通过亲本菌株赤芝05、06对153个SRAP引物组合进行筛选,应用经过初筛和复筛得到的4个清晰稳定、且含有两个亲本各自特异扩增条带的SRAP引物组合,对2个亲本菌株、2个只与亲本05有拮抗的融合子、2个只与亲本06有拮抗的融合子、30个与双亲均有拮抗的融合子进行SRAP扩增.结果表明,2个只与亲本05有拮抗的融合子仅扩增出06的特异条带,2个只与亲本06有拮抗的融合子仅扩增出05的特异条带,30个与双亲均有拮抗的融合子中,有7个融合子同时扩增出05和06的特异条带,证明此7个融合子应是05和06融合产生的菌株,也证明SRAP标记可以用于灵芝原生质体融合子的鉴定.     

Effects of phytosterol ester on aortic aging and expression of related genes in rats

AIM: To explore the protective effect of phytosterol ester (PSE) on aortic aging in rats. METHODS: The female SD rats (12 months old, n=42) were randomly divided into control group, model group and PSE group. During the experiment, the rats in control group, model group and PSE group were treated with basic feed, high-fat diet (HFD) and HFD with 2% PSE (W/W) for 6 months, respectively. The morphological changes of the aorta were observed by HE staining and Masson staining, and the absolute area of smooth muscle cells and collagen fiber in the vascular wall were measured by image analysis. The levels of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the plasma were detected. The expression of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) at mRNA and protein levels in the vascular tissue was determined by real time PCR and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS: PSE significantly lowered plasma TC and LDL-C, and increased plasma HDL-C level (P<0.05), but had no effect on plasma TG level. PSE significantly attenuated the thickening of intima and media of aging aortic, and decreased the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and the amount of VSMC and collagen fiber in the aorta (P<0.05). PSE significantly reduced the contents of AGEs and MDA (P<0.05), but had no effect on the activity of SOD and CAT in the plasma. PSE also down-regulated the expression of PPARγ and up-regulated the expression of SIRT1 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: PSE is able to attenuate the senescence process in the aorta by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species in plasma, and activating SIRT1, or inhibiting the expression of PPARγ in vascular tissues.