224个谷子品种农艺性状聚类和相关性分析

对来自不同生态区224个谷子品种材料的农艺性状进行聚类和相关性分析。结果表明,27个农艺性状的变异范围为11.20%～110.70%,各农艺性状的变异程度由大到小依次为有效穗数、籽粒颜色、穗重、穗粒重、码粒数、单株草重、米色、穗型、茎秆粗度、籽粒形状、植株颜色、穗颈形状、穗码密度、穗粗、护颖颜色、刚毛长度、穗颈长度、穗长、刚毛颜色、花药颜色、倒二叶宽、抽穗期、千粒重、株高、伸长节节数、叶姿、倒二叶长。单株穗粒重与穗重、单株草重呈极显著正相关。用Ward离差平方和聚类分析发现,当欧式距离为19时,224个谷子品种可以分为六大类群,第Ⅰ类群(83份材料)生育期较短,属早熟类型,千粒重较大,穗较粗,但其他性状属于中等水平;第Ⅱ类群(64份材料)生育期相对较短,穗重、穗粒重在各类群中处于较高水平;第Ⅲ类群(41份材料)生育期最长,属晚熟类型,株高较高,分蘖较少,产量较低;第Ⅳ类群(25份材料)生育期较长,属中晚熟类型,株高较低,分蘖数较少,产量属中下等水平;第Ⅴ类群(1份材料)生育期较长,属中晚熟类型,刚毛较长,叶片较窄,株高较高,分蘖数较多,单株草重最大,千粒重和产量属中上等水平;第Ⅵ类群(...     

响应面法优化人参果枸杞葡萄复合饮料工艺

以人参果、枸杞和葡萄为原料,研制一种人参果枸杞葡萄复合饮料。通过正交试验确定了复合汁中人参果汁、枸杞汁和葡萄汁最佳体积配比为4∶3∶5。在此基础上,通过单因素试验和Box-Behnken试验优化的最佳配方为：复合汁添加量44%,白砂糖添加量6.7%,柠檬酸添加量0.1%。复合稳定剂为0.1%羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC-Na）+0.15%卡拉胶。按上述配方制得的人参果枸杞葡萄复合饮料感官品质较好,呈透亮的橙红色,酸甜可口、协调适当,具有人参果特有的香气,风味独特。     

采后芦笋多酚类物质变化的研究进展

多酚是植物体内一种次生代谢产物,具有抗氧化、抗菌、抗肿瘤等生物功效,受到食品、营养、医学等领域科技人员的广泛关注和研究。芦笋富含多酚类化合物,是一种珍稀蔬菜,对人类膳食营养和疾病预防具有积极作用。综述了采后芦笋商业分级、多酚类等生物活性物质的变化及其影响因素,以期为芦笋的开发利用和食疗保健研究提供理论参考。     

水稻甬优12产量13.5t hm~(–2)以上超高产群体的生育特征

以籼粳交超级稻甬优12为试材、四叶一心期带蘖小苗移栽,超稀植(12.45×104穴hm–2)栽培,对高产(10.5~12.0 t hm–2)、更高产(12.0~13.5 t hm–2)、超高产(13.5 t hm–2)3个产量群体的产量及其结构、茎蘖动态、叶面积动态及干物质的积累与运转等进行了系统比较研究。结果表明,产量由高产(10.5~12.0 t hm–2)到更高产(12.0~13.5 t hm–2)再到超高产(13.5 t hm–2),群体的颖花量不断提高,结实率和千粒重略微下降。与高产和更高产群体相比,超高产群体茎蘖数起点较高,在有效分蘖临界叶龄期及时够苗,至拔节期群体茎蘖数稳步增长,达高峰苗,此后群体茎蘖数平缓下降,成穗率近60%;群体叶面积指数生育前期较小,最大值出现在孕穗期,为9.17,此后平缓下降,成熟期在4.0以上;群体干物质积累量在拔节期略低,此后各生育时期均升高,抽穗期为14.38 t hm–2,抽穗至成熟期为9.73 t hm–2,成熟期为24.11 t hm–2;群体根系干重、根冠比及单茎伤流强度在后期(抽穗至成熟期)均较高。     

国红苹果园土壤中微量元素的周年变化规律及相关性分析

为探明幼龄和成龄国红苹果园不同土层土壤中微量元素的动态变化规律,在河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所苹果标本实验园内,分别采集了幼龄和成龄国红苹果园0～20,20～40,40～60 cm土层的土壤样品,通过VISTA-MPX等离子光谱仪对国红苹果土壤中5种微量元素进行了含量测定,采用SPSS软件进行多元统计分析和相关性分析。结果表明,整个生长周期内幼龄和成龄国红苹果园土壤硼元素含量均呈波动性起伏变化的动态规律,而铁、锌元素则无明显变化。典型性相关分析表明,0～20 cm土层锰元素之间、锌元素之间均呈显著正相关,20～40 cm土层锌元素之间、硼元素之间呈显著正相关,40～60 cm土层幼龄和成龄各元素之间无相关性。可为指导果园优质栽培和研究不同栽培措施对改善优化国红苹果园土壤中微量元素含量提供科学的理论依据。     

A method of production data analysis for multi-fractured horizontal well in shale gas reservoir

Production data analysis is an effective method of evaluating gas in place, parameters of reservoir and hydraulic fractures. Current model of production data analysis fails to make sense because of the existence of absorption, multi-fracturing, and stimulated reservoir volume (SRV). Considering the effect of desorption, fracture interacting and closed boundary, the authors calculate the productivity of multi-fractured horizontal well in shale gas by Laplace transform and pressure superposition principle. Then theoretical charts of Agarwal-Gardner production decline curves are presented by employing new definition of dimensionless material balance time and dimensionless production, which is based on asymptotic approximations. The result shows that Agarwal-Gardner curves can be divided into two parts where they are scattered in early transient period, and where their shape was influenced by parameters relevant to adsorption, position of each fracture and reservoir geometry, and then drawn to Arps harmonious decline in pseudo steady state period. Reservoir parameters, hydraulic fracture characteristics and gas in place are evaluated by using the type curve matching with actual production data.     

Development Zones,Foreign Investment,and Global City Formation in Shanghai*

ABSTRACT The rapid economic ascent of China and the increasing integration of the world economy in the past two decades have made metropolises in China such as Shanghai and Beijing emerging global cities. Foreign investment is a central force underlying the emergence and transformation of the Chinese metropolises into global cities. This is especially true in Shanghai, which has experienced massive infusion of foreign investment. Varied forms of foreign investment or development zones have been created to promote foreign investment inflows, yet remain under‐studied. This paper analyzes structure, performance, and underlying factors of development zones in Shanghai, and discusses the implications for global city‐formation; it unfolds the variations among development zones, and illustrates the significant role of the state and local conditions. As the literature on global cities dwells primarily on the experiences of advanced economies, this paper further contributes to a better understanding of the dynamics of emerging global cities in the developing world.     

薏苡紫色柱头性状的遗传分析

为研究薏苡紫色柱头性状的遗传规律,利用4份材料做亲本构建4个杂交组合,观察并记录其F 1、F 2植株的性状特征和分离比例。结果显示,紫色柱头相对于白色为显性,各F 2群体植株的柱头颜色分离比皆符合3∶1比例,说明紫色柱头是由1对显性等位基因控制。     

战骨ISSR-PCR反应条件的筛选与优化

采用正交和单因素试验设计方法,研究Mg2+、dNTP、Taq DNA聚合酶、引物、模板DNA、退火温度及循环次数对ISSR-PCR扩增效果的影响,建立并优化战骨ISSR-PCR反应体系和程序,即25μl的体系中合Mg2+ 2.0 mmol/L,dNTP 0.2 mmol/L,TaqDNA聚合酶1.0U,引物0.8μmol/L,模板DNA 50 ng,10×Buffer 2.5μl.退火温度、循环次数分别为52℃、45次.结论:结合正交和单因素试验可快速建立ISSR-PCR反应体系.该体系稳定、可靠,可用于战骨遗传多样性分析.     

Corporate Dividend Policy Under the Change of Earnings in China

Using non-parameter test and multinomial logit regression, this paper studies the dividend policy and behavior empirically. The results show that the change of the earnings of firms affects their dividend policy. When the EPS of the firms increase, the probability of choosing not to pay cash dividend is maximal, yet when the EPS of the firms decrease, many firms choose not to pay cash dividend or choose to increase DPS, so that the information that the relevant firms have great expectation is transmitted to the market. Furthermore, this paper also finds that the successiveness of the dividend policy of the listed firms in China is not good.