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41.
Salvatore Guarino Ezio Peri Paolo Lo Bue Maria Pia Germanà Stefano Colazza Leonid Anshelevich Uzi Ravid Victoria Soroker 《Phytoparasitica》2013,41(1):79-88
The red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), is one of the most severe pests of ornamental palm species in urban areas of Mediterranean countries. Aiming to discover inhibitory semiochemicals for RPW population management in urban environments, we conducted electroantennographic (EAG) screenings of 17 commercially available synthetic compounds, representing three groups of plant volatiles (isoprenoids, phenyl propanoid derivatives and fatty acid derivatives) known for their repellent effects toward insects. These tests were followed by trap-based screenings of EAG-active menthone, α-pinene and methyl salicylate, singly and in combination, under urban conditions. In EAG bioassays, RPW antennae of both sexes showed positive dose-dependent responses to 13 of the 17 synthetic chemicals with significant differences among them. In field trapping experiments, conducted in the city of Palermo, Italy, from weeks 31 to 38 in 2010 and 2011, α-pinene, tested singly or in combination with methyl salicylate (2010) or menthone (2011), reduced trap catches by about 30% to 40%. Methyl salicylate and menthone alone were inactive. In conclusion, RPW is significantly affected by α-pinene. This isoprenoid is a promising disruptant for semiochemical-based management of this pest. In addition, identification of a large number of EAG-active chemicals could serve as a database for future design of active repellents or attractants of RPW adults. 相似文献
42.
A series of hydroxynaphthoquinones, all derivatives of the antitheilerial hydroxynaphthoquinone parvaquone (993C, Clexon; Wellcome) was tested for antitheilerial activity against Theileria parva (Muguga) in vitro. BW720C (buparvaquone) was 20 times more active than parvaquone. When tested in vivo BW720C cured all 13 cattle infected with T parva and all six infected with T annulata treated at a dose rate of 2.5 mg (kg bodyweight)-1 while parvaquone at 20 mg kg-1 cured nine of 10 cattle. All 16 untreated control cattle died of theileriosis. 相似文献
43.
Victoria D. Randall Carlos Souza Daniel Vanderhart Sarah Boston 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2015,56(7):741-744
A 9-year-old spayed female dog diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma and hypertrophic osteopathy was negative for additional lesions on computed tomography of the thorax and abdomen. Resection of the affected liver lobe resulted in resolution of clinical signs. This is the first case of hypertrophic osteopathy secondary to hepatocellular carcinoma. 相似文献
44.
Rosa Gagliardi Silvia Llambí M. Victoria Arruga 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2015,16(3):273-280
The fields of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics have become increasingly promising regarding the clinical application of genetic data to aid in prevention of adverse reactions. Specific screening tests can predict which animals express modified proteins or genetic sequences responsible for adverse effects associated with a drug. Among the genetic variations that have been investigated in dogs, the multidrug resistance gene (MDR) is the best studied. However, other genes such as CYP1A2 and CYP2B11 control the protein syntheses involved in the metabolism of many drugs. In the present study, the MDR-1, CYP1A2 and CYP2B11 genes were examined to identify SNP polymorphisms associated with these genes in the following four canine breeds: Uruguayan Cimarron, Border Collie, Labrador Retriever and German Shepherd. The results revealed that several SNPs of the CYP1A2 and CYP2B11 genes are potential targets for drug sensitivity investigations. 相似文献
45.
Cant-Tejero Manuel Casas Jos Luis Marcos-Garca Mara ngeles Pascual-Villalobos Mara Jess Florencio-Ortiz Victoria Guirao Pedro 《Journal of pest science》2022,95(1):365-379
Journal of Pest Science - Aphids are one of the major agricultural pests in the world. Their pest management in pepper greenhouses is based on integrated control with release of natural enemies and... 相似文献
46.
Thomas A. Heming David J. Randall Madeleine M. Mazeaud 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1987,3(2):83-90
Effects of adrenaline on the equilibrium distributions of Na+ , K+ , H+ , Cl– , and H2O across the cell membrane of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) erythrocytes were determinedin vitro, as a function of P CO2 (1.76–7.77 torr). CO2-carrying capacity of the blood was also examined. Plasma catecholamine concentrations inunanaesthetized, unrestrained trout were 3.1 nM adrenaline and 1.2 nM noradrenaline. Elevation of the plasma adrenaline concentrationin vitro to 4.6 × 103 nM resulted in net gains of Na+ , Cl– and H2O by red cells, a net loss of H+ from red cells, and a pronounced red cell swelling. Adrenaline also reduced the CO2-carrying capacity of trout bloodin vitro. The magnitudes of these effects increased with PCO2 and, thus, were sensitive to blood HCO3
– concentrations. The distribution of K+ between red cells and plasma was unaffected by adrenaline. Adrenergic-mediated ion movements and red cell swelling were sensitive to both propranolol and SITS. These results are consistent with the symport NaCl uptake model for adrenergic-mediated swelling of Baroinet al. (1984). The adrenergic response of fish erythrocytes may function to ameliorate the effects of blood acidoses on O2-carrying capacity by maintaining red cell pH in the face of a decrease in plasma pH. 相似文献
47.
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49.
We investigated ventillatory responses to a plasma alkaloids and hypocapnia,a nd the basis for the ventilatory response to sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) infusion in rainbow trout. Plasma alkalosis and hypocapnia created by infusion of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) did not cause hypoventilation, whereas infusion of hydrochloric acid (HCl) caused vigorous hyperventilation, associated with an acidosis, a reduction in blood O2 content (CaO
2) and a release of circulating catecholamines. Infusion of NaHCO3 stimulated ventilation and caused an increase in plasma pH, total carbon dioxide content (CaCO
2) and catecholamine levels, and a reduction in oxygen tension (PaO
2). Infusion of ammonium bicarbonate (NH 4HCO3) caused hyperventilation and was associated with an increase in CaCO
2 and plasma total ammonia (Camm) and ammonia gas (NH3) concentration. Infusion of sodium chloride (NaClI) and Cortland's saline had no effect on ventilation. The results indicate that trout do not exhibit the ventilatory sensitivity to pH seen in terrestrial vertebrates. Ventilatory responses to NaHCO3 appear to have been a result of reductions in PaO
2, a release of catecholamines and an increase in CaCO
2 whereas responses to NH4HCO3 appear to have been a result of increases in CaCO
2 and Camm. 相似文献
50.
Chronically cannulated rainbow trout were exposed in acid water (pH 4.0) for 72h. The gill potential was strongly dependent on water pH, being blood side negative in neutral water, but positive in acid water. Catecholamine levels increased irregularly during acid exposure, and the Bohr and Root effects were not completely erased by the effect of catecholamines during acid exposure. Long term exposure to low water pH, although causing an acidosis in the fish, did not suppress resting oxygen consumption. Prolonged exposure to acid conditions, however, resulted in an increase in ammonia excretion. Changes in plasma sodium and chloride were similar to that reported previously for trout exposed to low calcium, acid water. We conclude that exposure of trout to pH 4 soft water, although impairing oxygen transport, does not limit resting oxygen consumption but does reduce the scope for activity. More extreme acid conditions do impair resting oxygen uptake. 相似文献