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31.
For the past ten years much work has been carried out on clay minerals of volcanic ash soils. Most investigators have reported that allophane is dominant among clay minerals of volcanic ash soils and crystallizes to halloysite or meta-halloysite with the advance of weathering (1–8). On the other hand, UCHIYAMA, MASUI and ONIKURA (1960) found that montmorillonite predominates in the clay fraction of volcanic ash soil in Kawatabi (9). Furthermore, MASUI, SHOJI and UCHIYAMA (1966) showed that the major crystalline clay minerals of volcanic ash soils in the Tohoku district are montmorillonite, vermiculite, intergradient montmorillonite-vermiculite and chlorite (10). They also showed that these minerals increase with the advance of weathering and that kaolin minerals are minor constituents. 相似文献
32.
Takanori Imai Sousuke Inoue Naomi Ohdaira Yasuyuki Matsushita Rie Suzuki Mariko Sakurai José Manoel Henriques de Jesus Salete Kiyoka Ozaki Zenesio Finger Kazuhiko Fukushima 《Journal of Wood Science》2008,54(6):470-475
Heartwood extracts from Amazonian trees cumaru-ferro (Dipteryx odorata), jatoba (Hymenaea courbaril), and guarita (Astronium lecointei) exhibit antioxidant activities comparable with that of α-tocopherol, a well-known antioxidant. This article reports the characterization of the antioxidant compounds in the extracts
of the three heartwoods. Silica gel column chromatography of the cumaru-ferro EtOAc extract yielded (−)-(3R)-7,2′,3′-trihydroxy-4′-methoxyisoflavan and (+)-(3R)-8,2′,3′-trihydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxyisoflavan. Silica gel column chromatography followed by preparative high-performance liquid
chromatography of the jatoba EtOAc extract yielded (−)-fisetinidol and (+)-trans-taxifolin. Chemical structures were assigned using electron-ionization mass spectrometry, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy including nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY), as well as optical
rotation and circular dichroism. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry demonstrated that the isolated compounds were predominant
in the EtOAc extracts. In the guarita EtOAc extract, catechin and gallic acid were identified by comparing their retention
times and mass fragmentation patterns with those of authentic samples. Antioxidant activity determined by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
assay demonstrated that all these compounds had activities comparable with that of α-tocopherol.
Part of this report was presented at the 57th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Hiroshima, August 2007 相似文献
33.
Rie Gappa-Adachi Yasuaki Morita Yoshifumi Shimomoto Shigeharu Takeuchi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2014,80(1):103-107
Sweet peppers (cv. Tosajishi beauty) with leaf blight symptoms were observed in Kochi Prefecture, 2003. Initially, small spots formed on leaves, and later enlarged to brown to dark brown spots, and eventually blighted leaves fell. Several bacteria that caused the same symptoms were isolated and subsequently reisolated. These bacteria were identified as Pseudomonas cichorii on the basis of bacterial characteristics and the 16S rRNA gene sequence. This is the first report of bacterial leaf blight in the sweet pepper in the world. 相似文献
34.
Shinji Sasaki Eiji Muraki Yoshinobu Inoue Ryouhei Suezawa Hideki Nikadori Yuuichi Yoshida Shouta Nariai Ryoya Hideshima Shiyunsuke Moriwaki Ryotaro Nakashima Katsuo Uchiyama Kanako Yoshinari Masayuki Takeda Takatoshi Kojima 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(12):1503-1509
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays are widely used for genetic and genomic analyses in cattle breeding; thus, data derived from SNP arrays have accumulated on a large scale nationwide. Commercial SNP arrays contain a considerable number of unassigned SNPs on the chromosome/position on the genome; these SNPs are excluded in subsequent analyses. Notably, the position‐unassigned SNPs, or “buried SNPs” include some of the markers associated with genetic disease. In this study, we identified the position of buried SNPs using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool against the surrounding sequences and characterized the relationship between SNPs and genetic diseases in Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals based on the genomic position. We determined the position of 285 buried SNPs on the genome and surveyed the genotype and allele frequencies of these SNPs in 5,955 individual Japanese Black cattle. Eleven SNPs associated with genetic disease, which contained five buried SNPs, were found in the population with the risk allele frequency ranging from 0.00008396 to 0.46. These results indicate that buried SNPs in the bovine SNP array can be utilized to identify associations with genetic disorders from large scale accumulated SNP genotype data in Japanese Black cattle. 相似文献
35.
Aoyama M Negishi A Abe A Yokoyama R Ichimaru T Sugita S 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2008,177(1):116-123
This study investigated the effects of an intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) on physiological and behavioural responses in goats. In Experiment 1, saline (control) or saline plus 25 microg of ovine CRH was injected into the third ventricle of castrated male goats. CRH increased plasma cortisol (Cor) levels markedly within 15 min, but had little effect on plasma glucose (Glu). Compared with saline injected goats, CRH decreased the total duration of lying behaviour but increased its frequency, and suppressed rumination and self-grooming. In Experiment 2, the effects of an intravenous (IV) injection of human adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (1-24) (0.1mg) were examined and an IV injection of saline was used as control. ACTH increased plasma Cor levels markedly, but did not change any behaviour compared with controls. It was concluded that CRH mediated the response of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and behaviour following stress in goats, although the CRH-induced behavioural changes were independent of the HPA axis and seemed to be the result of direct action within the central nervous system. 相似文献
36.
Summary As a reagent source for the formalization of wood, trioxane was used instead of conventional paraformaldehyde. From preliminary experiments it became apparent that trioxane depolymerizes to formaldehyde by heating in the presence of some metallic salts. Formalization of wood with trioxane was carried out under the catalysis of sulfur dioxide (SO2) along with these salts. The hygroscopic and acoustic properties were considerably improved by the treatment. Especially when the reaction was catalyzed by a combination of SO2 and Fe2(SO4)3, the antiswelling efficiency (ASE) reached nearly 70%, the specific dynamic Young's modulus (E/) in the radial direction increased about 20%, and the loss tangent (tan ) decreased about 30% and 50% in the longitudinal and radial directions, respectively. In this case, the modulus of rupture did not appreciably decrease in the radial direction. This is comparable to the most prominent results obtained so far by SO2 catalyzed formalization with tetraoxane. It can be concluded that trioxane is very effective as a reagent source for formalization. The increase in acoustic converting efficiency,
, of about twofold in the radial direction and decrease in hygroscopicity of more than 60% should not only enrich the sound volume of musical instruments but also stabilize their tone quality against humidity changes. 相似文献
37.
Kusuhara H Hohdatsu T Okumura M Sato K Suzuki Y Motokawa K Gemma T Watanabe R Huang C Arai S Koyama H 《Veterinary microbiology》2005,108(3-4):155-165
Fel-O-Vax FIV is a dual-subtype vaccine consisting of inactivated whole viruses of subtype A (Petaluma strain) and subtype D (Shizuoka strain). The efficacy of this vaccine against heterologous subtype A strain challenge was demonstrated, but it is unclear whether the result reflects efficacy in the field. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of this vaccine against contact challenge by exposing both vaccinated and unvaccinated control animals with cats infected with Aomori-2 strain belonging to subtype B, a subtype prevalent in many regions of the world. Nineteen specific-pathogen-free (SPF) cats were divided into a vaccinated group (six cats), an unvaccinated control group (eight cats), and a challenge group (five cats), and maintained in the same room. Cats were monitored for FIV proviral DNA by nested PCR and for FIV-specific antibody levels by ELISA. After 1 year of commingling, each cat in the vaccinated group was given a booster dose. In addition, the original challenge group was removed and replaced with another challenge group of SPF cats, which were inoculated with the Aomori-2 strain. FIV infection was confirmed in four of the eight animals in the unvaccinated control group by the 29th week in the second year of commingling. In contrast, all of the animals were negative in the vaccinated group. These findings confirmed the efficacy of this vaccine against heterologous stains classified as subtype B, and suggested that the vaccine exhibits broad efficacy against genetically diverse FIV. 相似文献
38.
Katayama Y Wada R Kanemaru T Sasagawa T Uchiyama T Matsumura T Anzai T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(6):757-759
Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis developed in a three-year-old male Thoroughbred racehorse imported from the United States. The animal showed astasia five days after the onset of ataxia. Histopathologically, focal nonpurulent myelitis accompanied by hemorrhage and perivascular infiltration was observed in the fourth and fifth cervical spinal cord. Immunohistochemically, shizonts were occasionally observed and were positive for anti-Sarcocystis neurona (S. neurona) antiserum. S. neurona-specific antibodies were detected in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid by Western blot. This is the first equine protozoal myeloencephalitis case in Japan. 相似文献
39.
Kano R Hattori Y Okuzumi K Miyazaki Y Yamauchi R Koie H Watari T Hasegawa A 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(2):115-117
Candida species in clinical urine samples were identified directly by the newly developed method of PCR analysis on 25S ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Two dogs were referred to the Animal Medical Center, Nihon University School of Veterinary Medicine, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan for the examination of chronic cystitis. Microscopic examination of urine samples from these dogs revealed yeast cells. Urine culture on Sabouraud's dextrose agar at 27 degrees C for 5 days produced white to cream colored colonies. The isolates were identifical to Candida albicans and C. parapsilosis by mycological examination, respectively. The nucleotide sequences of 25S ribosomal DNA from these urine isolates showed 99% similarity to those of a reference strain of Candida albicans or C. parapsilosis. The nucleotide sequences of 25S rDNA obtained directly from urine samples were also identical to C. albicans and C. parapsilosis, respectively. Confirming the results on the isolates cultured from the same urine samples. This PCR analysis method could be available for the direct identification of Candida species in urine samples within 2 days. 相似文献
40.