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81.
Tomomi TAKANO Saya YAMASHITA Michiko MURATA-OHKUBO Kumi SATOH Tomoyoshi DOKI Tsutomu HOHDATSU 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2016,78(2):341-345
We collected rectal swabs from dogs in Japan during 2011 to 2014, and canine coronavirus (CCoV) nucleocapsid
gene was detected by RT-PCR. The relationship between CCoV infection and the manifestation of diarrhea
symptoms was investigated, and a correlation was noted (df=1, χ2=8.90,
P<0.005). The types of CCoV detected in samples from CCoV-infected dogs were CCoV-I in
88.9% and CCoV-II in 7.4%, respectively. We retrospectively investigated the seroprevalence of CCoV-I in dogs
in Japan during 1998 to 2006. The sera were tested with a neutralizing antibody test. In the absence of CCoV-I
laboratory strain, we used feline coronavirus (FCoV)-I that shares high sequence homology in the S protein
with CCoV-I. 77.7% of the sera were positive for neutralizing anti-FCoV-I antibodies. 相似文献
82.
Software development for estimating the concentration of radioactive cesium in the skeletal muscles of cattle from blood samples 下载免费PDF全文
Tomokazu Fukuda Masahiro Hiji Yasushi Kino Yasuyuki Abe Hideaki Yamashiro Jin Kobayashi Yoshinaka Shimizu Atsushi Takahashi Toshihiko Suzuki Mirei Chiba Kazuya Inoue Yoshikazu Kuwahara Motoko Morimoto Masafumi Katayama Kenichiro Donai Hisashi Shinoda Tsutomu Sekine Manabu Fukumoto Emiko Isogai 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(6):842-847
The 2011 earthquake severely damaged the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP), resulting in the release of large quantities of radioactive material into the environment. The deposition of these radionuclides in rice straw as livestock feed led to the circulation of contaminated beef in the market. Based on the safety concern of the consumers, a reliable method for estimating concentrations of radioactive cesium in muscle tissue is needed. In this study, we analyzed the concentrations of radioactive cesium in the blood and skeletal muscle of 88 cattle, and detected a linear correlation between them. We then developed software that can be used to estimate radioactive cesium concentrations in muscle tissue from blood samples. Distribution of this software to the livestock production field would allow us to easily identify high‐risk cattle, which would be beyond the safety regulation, before shipping out to the market. This software is planned to be released as freeware. This software would contribute to food safety, and aid the recovery of the livestock industry from the damage creacted by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami. 相似文献
83.
84.
Akiko Nagasaka Yu Nagasaka Kinuko Ito Tsutomu Mano Masami Yamanaka Atushi Katayama Yoshikazu Sato Andrey L. Grankin Andrey I. Zdorikov Gennady A. Boronov 《Journal of Forest Research》2006,11(5):377-382
We examined the relationship between the annual escapement of salmon and the δ
15N of willow (Salix spp.) leaves to evaluate the contribution of marine-derived nutrients (MDN) to riparian vegetation around the Pacific Northwest
and Northeast regions. Foliar δ
15N values ranged from −3.42‰ to 4.65‰. The value increased with increasing density of carcasses up to 500 fish/km and 1500
fish/km. δ
15N values were variable at carcass densities below 500 fish/km. Possible factors affecting the fluctuation of δ
15N at reference sites are: (1) denitrification; (2) the presence of N2-fixing trees, such as alder; and (3) agricultural runoff. δ
15N values at the sites with carcass densities over 500 fish/km were consistently high, while a value of δ
15N below zero was observed at only one site (Rusha River; δ
15N = −1.87‰). At this site, most adult pink salmon returned to limited locations near the estuary because steeper channel gradients
acted as a migration barrier, resulting in the negative δ
15N value. Nevertheless, we concluded that our results showed evidence of the feedback of MDN to terrestrial vegetation, although
the use of the δ
15N value as a terrestrial end member at spawning sites is limited. If the relationship between the enrichment index, which
is expressed as the values using a mixing model, and salmon abundance was estimated, the availability of MDN in riparian ecosystems
could possibly be evaluated and will lead to the establishment of escapement goals.
An erratum to this article is available at . 相似文献
85.
Two novel dicarboxylic Acid derivatives and a new dimeric hydrolyzable tannin from walnuts 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ito H Okuda T Fukuda T Hatano T Yoshida T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(3):672-679
In addition to the 16 previously reported polyphenols including 3 new ellagitannins, 2 novel dicarboxylic acid derivatives, glansreginins A (1) and B (2), and a new dimeric hydrolyzable tannin, glansrin D (3), were isolated, together with 15 known compounds from walnuts, the seeds of Juglans regia. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of 1D- and 2D-NMR analyses and chemical data. The antioxidant effect of these isolates was also evaluated by SOD-like and DPPH radical scavenging activities. 相似文献
86.
87.
Takai S Zhuang D Huo XW Madarame H Gao MH Tan ZT Gao SC Yan LJ Guo CM Zhou XF Hatori F Sasaki Y Kakuda T Tsubaki S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(7):739-742
Little is known about the distribution of Rhodococcus equi in the soil environment of native horses in China. One hundred and eight soil samples were collected from native-horse farms in the Hulun Beier grasslands of eastern Mongolia, the Xilin Goler grasslands of southern Mongolia, and Tongliao City in Inner Mongolia, China. The isolation rates of R. equi from soil samples from the Hulun Beier and Xilin Goler grasslands ranged from 25.9% to 30.0%. In contrast, isolation rates from soil samples from Tongliao City were as high as 82.3% and the mean number of R. equi in soil samples from Tongliao City was 10 times more than those of samples from the grasslands. The 488 isolates were examined using PCR for the presence of genes that encode virulence-associated 15-17 kDa antigen protein (VapA) and the 20 kDa antigen protein (VapB). All isolates were negative for virulence-associated proteins. Plasmid profiles of these avirulent isolates showed that cryptic plasmids of various sizes were present with an incidence of 13.3% to 21.5%. The results of the present study contrast with those of our recent study (J. Vet. Med. Sci. 67:611-613, 2005), in which we reported that R. equi was absent from Mongolian horses in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. It is suggested that the difference between the results of these two studies is due to the mobile pasturing system in Mongolia and nonmobile pasturing system in Inner Mongolia. 相似文献
88.
Kakizaki T Hamada N Funayama T Sakashita T Wada S Hohdatsu T Natsuhori M Sano T Kobayashi Y Ito N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(12):1269-1273
High linear energy transfer (LET) heavy charged particles have previously been applied clinically to human cancer radiotherapy because of their excellent physical properties of selective dose distribution and higher relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for human; however, such an approach has yet to be applied to cat patients. The present study investigates the biological effectiveness of low-LET gamma-rays (0.2 keV/micro m) compared to high-LET carbon ions (114 keV/micro m) in feline T- lymphocyte FeT-J cells. Clonogenic survival analysis revealed that the RBE value of carbon ions was 2.98 relative to a 10% survival dose (D(10)) by gamma-rays, and that the inactivation cross-section in cells exposed to gamma-rays and carbon ions was 0.023 and 38.9 micro m(2), respectively. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) analysis revealed that TUNEL-positive frequency in carbon-irradiation cells is higher than for gamma-irradiated cells against exposure to the same physical doses, but that very little difference in TUNEL-positive frequency is observed between cells exposed to the respective D(10) dose of gamma-rays. Our data thus indicate that carbon ions are more effective for cell killing than gamma-rays at the same physical doses, but kill cells to an extent that is comparable to gamma-rays at the same biological doses. Carbon ion radiotherapy is therefore a promising modality for cat patients. 相似文献
89.
Acute hypotonic stress becomes a threat to the survival of bacteria in the environment. Mechanosensitive channels play an essential role in the maintenance of bacterial cell integrity during hypoosmotic shock. A database search suggested that Campylobacter jejuni, a major worldwide cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans, possesses two putative mechanosensitive channels, designated Cjj0263 and Cjj1025, in C. jejuni strain 81-176. Osmotic downshock experiments demonstrated that a mutant lacking Cjj0263 showed a severe defect in survival of hypoosmotic shock, while a mutant lacking Cjj1025 exhibited the same survival capacity as the wild type. We further examined the colonization ability of each mutant using the one-day old chick model. Cjj0263 or Cjj1025 mutants were able to colonize chick ceca at the same level as the wild type, but a Cjj0263 Cjj1025 double mutant revealed significantly reduced ability to colonize chick ceca. To examine whether C. jejuni that have grown in the digestive tract of chicks are protected against acute hypotonic stress, bacteria in ceca were directly exposed to water. The wild type was able to survive acute osmotic downshift, but the Cjj0263 mutant suffered a substantial loss of viability when subjected to a rapid osmotic downshock. Immunoblot analysis suggested that both Cjj0263 and Cjj1025 were glycosylated via the N-linked protein glycosylation pathway, but glycan modification of these proteins was unlikely to have a major effect on their function and stability. Our data suggest that Cjj0263, a mechanosensitive channel, has a pivotal role in protection against hypoosmotic stress experienced during environmental transmission. 相似文献
90.
Daisuke Takamatsu Hiroto Nishino Tomono Ishiji Jun Ishii Makoto Osaki Nahuel Fittipaldi Marcelo Gottschalk Prasit Tharavichitkul Shinji Takai Tsutomu Sekizaki 《Veterinary microbiology》2009,138(1-2):132-139
Recent analyses of Streptococcus suis isolates using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) suggested the importance of sequence type (ST) 1 and ST27 complexes for animal hygiene and public health. In this study, to investigate whether pilus-associated genes in S. suis can be used as novel genetic markers for important clonal groups, we examined the correlation between STs and putative pilus-associated gene profiles in S. suis. Genomic searches using sequenced genomes and sequence data determined in several isolates revealed the presence of at least four distinct putative pilus gene clusters in S. suis (srtBCD, srtE, srtF, and srtG clusters). On the basis of the presence or absence of genes in the four clusters, 108 S. suis isolates from various origins were classified into 12 genotypes (genotypes A–L). Genotypes A and B, which possessed srtBCD plus srtF clusters and srtF plus srtG clusters, respectively, were the most common in isolates from diseased pigs and humans, and 29.9% and 59.8% of the isolates belonged to genotypes A and B, respectively. In contrast, only 4.8% and 28.6% of isolates from healthy carriers were genotypes A and B, respectively. MLST analysis showed the associations of genotypes A and B with ST1 and ST27 complexes, respectively. In addition, srtBCD and srtG clusters were preferentially distributed to ST1 and ST27 complex members, respectively. These results suggest that profiling of selected pilus-associated genes could be used as an easy screening method to monitor isolates important for S. suis infection. 相似文献