江苏省流域生态管理的若干问题研究

在分析江苏省流域管理现状及存在的问题基础上,对实施流域生态管理过程中涉及的若干问题研究,提出:①完善流域生态管理的政策支撑体系,要有相关法律法规制度保障、有完善的规划体系可执行;②改革流域管理体制,打破流域与行政区域的隔阂,建立江苏省流域委员会;③创新流域生态管理机制,建立流域安全机制、生态补偿机制、流域协作轴线、多参与流域决策系统和虚拟水战略等;④强化流域生态管理的技术支持,施行生态管理技术和数字流域建设等。     

Alteration of apoptotic susceptibility and bcl-2 gene in malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells

AIM: To demonstrate the susceptibility of cell apoptosis varies during the progress of cell malignant transformation from human being in vitro. METHODS: A SV₄₀T-transfected human bronchial epithelial immortalized cell line (called M) was selected in this work, which has acquired some characteristics of malignant transformation at the later passage. The alterations of apoptosis and bcl-2, P53 genes between early and later passage of M cells were investigated by means of TDT labeling in situ, chromosome FISH, RNA and protein testing, etc. RESULTS: Incidence of apoptosis induced by cis-platin was significantly lower in later than in early passages of M. Levels of bcl-2 mRNA and protein in later passages were higher than early passages of M, and overexpression of bcl-2 was accumulated following the development of cellular malignancy. P53 protein level was as high in early as in later passages. CONCLUSION: Overexpression of bcl-2 decreases the cellular sensitivity to apoptotic inductors plays an important role during progress of carcinogenesis in human bronchial epithelial cancers. The inactivation of P53 protein in the SV₄₀-T transfected M cell line may be one of reasons of bcl-2 overexpression, but not associated with the accumulation of bcl-2 expressed level during cell transformation.     

An investigation on the comparison of wet spinning and electrospinning: Experimentation and simulation

Polysulfonamide (PSA) has been widely used in many fields because of its excellent thermodynamic properties. In this study, PSA fibers were prepared separately via two different spinning ways, including conventional wet spinning and electrospinning. Fluid motion of wet spinning and electrostatic field of electrospinning were modeled using finite element analysis to investigate the spinning process. The properties of fabricated PSA fibers were characterized systematically by scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravity analysis (TGA) and electronic strength tester. Based on the simulation and theoretical analysis of spinning process, it was found that the extruding force of the wet spinning is larger than that of the electrospinning. The larger extruding force makes the alignment of macromolecules inside fiber relatively uniform, and a higher proportion of crystallization happens. Accordingly, the mechanical properties and thermal stability of PSA fibers could be improved due to a higher proportion of crystallization. The experimental results of mechanical strength and TG test are coincided with the simulation results. PSA fiber prepared by wet spinning has better thermal stability and mechanical properties than that fabricated by electrospinning.     

基于Web of Science的土壤微生物研究文献国际发展态势分析

在文献调研、专家咨询和文献计量分析的基础上,对国际土壤微生物研究的发展历程进行了回顾,利用文献计量学方法分析了土壤微生物学研究的主要国家和机构状况,分析了近年来相关研究的学科分布以及热点主题内容,分析了国际土壤微生物研究的发展态势和挑战。结果表明:国际土壤微生物研究的学科分布主要集中在土壤科学、环境科学,而且土壤科学、环境科学、生态学、微生物学、农学生物技术应用微生物学的文献数量达到文献总量75.04%,表明这几个学科领域是土壤微生物研究的前沿热点;热点主题主要集中在土壤微生物多样性、生物量、有机质、土壤碳等方面,总结了这些领域的发展趋势和重点研究方向,并根据分析结果,对我国土壤微生物学领域采取的措施、今后发展的方向提出了建议。     

Effects of DHRS3 in C2C12 Myoblast Differentiation and Mouse Skeletal Muscle Injury

Myoblast differentiation is an essential process during skeletal muscle development. C2 C12 myoblast is a commonly used experimental model to study muscle cell differentiation in vitro. Dehydrogenase/reductase(SDR family) member 3(DHRS3) is a highly conserved member in short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily and has been shown to be involved in the metabolism of retinol. Previous experimental results showed that the expression of DHRS3 increased significantly during the differentiation of myoblasts differentiation. However, the effect of DHRS3 on mouse muscle cell differentiation was unclear. The objective of current study was to determine if DHRS3 affected muscle cell differentiation, and if DHRS3 was involved in muscle regeneration. Protein expression was determined by western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. The activation and inhibition of DHRS3 increased and decreased C2 C12 myoblast differentiation respectively, which indicated that DHRS3 could affect C2 C12 myoblast differentiation. DHRS3 expression was significantly changed during muscle regeneration, with the regeneration of muscle injury, the expression of DHRS3 tended to increase first and then decrease. It suggested that DHRS3 might be involved in muscle regeneration. In summary, this study confirmed the involvement of DHRS3 in C2 C12 myoblast differentiation and mouse skeletal muscle regeneration and provided a theoretical basis for further elucidating the molecular mechanism of muscle development.     

湖南三种不同嫩度工夫红茶香气品质比较分析

对湖南红茶标准样及安化群体种与黄金茶等三种不同嫩度红茶样进行了香气感官品质评价和成分分析,结果表明:芽头红茶样品中醇类含量占比最高,呈现出馥郁高长的鲜甜香;一芽一叶红茶样品中醇类、醛类、酮类和酯类含量居中,多表现为纯正较浓的甜香;一芽二叶茶样样本间差异较大,碳氢化合物和酯类化合物在标准样品中占比较高,其花香明显,在安化...     

祁连山东缘高寒草地植物群落叶绿素高光谱反演模型的建立

祁连山高寒草地是我国北方草地的重要组成部分,近年来退化较严重,导致其产量、质量下降.利用ASD地物光谱仪采集了祁连山东缘高寒草地植物群落光谱数据,并利用Person相关系数法、PCA主成分分析法和VIP变量投影重要性法等方法,筛选了与高寒草地植物群落叶绿素相关性较高的原始光谱波段与植被指数,通过多元逐步回归与多元线性回...     

基于RS的崇明岛土地利用变化及驱动力分析

对区域某时段内土地利用变化进行研究,并分析引起变化的驱动力因素,可以了解该区域土地资源利用的合理性,并为进一步制定符合土地资源可持续发展的经济发展规划,尤其为发展低碳产业提供科学依据。笔者运用遥感软件ENVI 4.8对崇明岛2000年、2005年、2010年3期Landsat ETM+遥感影像进行解译分类,对土地利用变化的特征和速率及驱动力因素进行分析。结果表明：崇明岛总面积不断增加,各土地利用类型的面积不断变化,表现出耕地及林地面积呈减少趋势,其中,林地降幅最大;建设用地、水体及未利用地面积呈增加趋势,其中,建设用地增幅最大;土地利用变化的速率不断提高。引起崇明岛土地利用变化的主要驱动力因素为社会经济因素,具体包括农业发展、人口增长及以工业为主的经济发展等;表现为碳源的土地利用方式面积减少,而表现为碳汇的土地利用方式面积则增加。     

Evaluating eddy covariance method by large-scale weighing lysimeter in a maize field of northwest China

Accurate determination of evapotranspiration (ET) is useful to develop precise irrigation scheduling. Although eddy covariance (EC) is a direct method which is widely used to measure ET, its performance in arid region of northwest China is not clear. In this study, ET measured by EC (ET_EC) was compared with that by large-scale weighing lysimeter (ET_L) during the whole growing season of maize in 2009. Energy balance ratio was 0.84 for daytime fluxes, indicating that lack of energy balance closure occurred, so daytime ET_EC was adjusted by Bowen-ratio forced closure method. Compared to the corresponding ET_L, half-hourly daytime ET_EC was underestimated by 21.8% without the adjustment and 4.8% with the adjustment. Furthermore, nighttime ET_EC was adjusted using filtering/interpolation method. Mean error between half-hourly nighttime ET_EC and ET_L decreased from 30.2% without the adjustment to 10.3% with the adjustment. After such adjustment of day and night measurements, daily ET_EC was underestimated by 6.2% compared to ET_L. These results indicated that the adjusted ET_EC well matched with the ET_L. Moreover, the discrepancy of adjusted total ET_EC and ET_L was decreased to 3.2% after subtracting the overestimated ET by lysimeter resulting from irrigation and heavy rainfall events. Thus, after appropriate adjustments of observations, eddy covariance method is accurate in estimating maize ET in the arid region of northwest China.     

樱桃番茄运输包装件振动冲击性能试验

针对目前樱桃番茄储运过程中主要包装形式以及造成破损的情况,选择典型运输包装件,进行了正弦扫频、堆码强度、堆码扫频振动传递性能、垂直冲击和跌落试验。通过对单件包装件的扫频振动试验,测出单件的固有频率为26.61Hz;通过堆码强度试验,测出了包装件的最大堆码层数为9层。通过9层堆码扫频振动传递性能试验确定了底层、中间层和顶层包装件的固有频率分别为36.61、10.76和6.44Hz,得到了各层包装件振动加速度、振动传递率随时间的变化曲线,并探讨了固有频率和振动传递率峰值与堆码高度之间的关系。在此基础上,通过垂直冲击试验,测出了产品的脆值为89.58;通过跌落试验,测出了包装件最大允许跌落高度为580mm。