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61.
ABSTRACT: The low salt extract from scallop striated adductor muscle contained extra proteins in addition to sarcoplasmic proteins and was turned into a gel upon standing or immediately by the addition of Ca2+ . The amount of extra protein, which was composed of a large amount of actin and a small amount of myosin, decreased with a decrease in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content in the muscle during storage at 5°C. Actin was easily extracted from scallop myofibrils in low salt solution with ATP at 1 mM or above. Furthermore, ATP was required to induce the gelation of the low salt extract. A visual observation of the gelation of low salt extract is therefore a simple and easy method to inspect prerigor state of scallop adductor muscle. 相似文献
62.
Suzuki A Urushitani H Watanabe H Sato T Iguchi T Kobayashi T Ohta Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(7):725-731
Female reproductive organs are mainly regulated by estrogen and progesterone. Specifically, the uterus, vagina and mammary gland show organ-specific mitosis and morphological changes during proliferative events, such as estrous cycle, gestation and lactation. The mechanism underlying these organ-specific estrogen-dependent events is still unknown. We examined, therefore, global gene expression in the mature uterus, vagina and mammary gland of ovariectomized adult mice 6 hr after an injection of 5 microg/kg 17beta-estradiol (E2) using a microarray method in order to identify primary E2-responsive genes. Half of the E2 up-regulated genes in the uterus were similar to those in the vagina. E2 up-regulated the expression of Insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf-1) genes in the uterus and vagina. In the vagina, E2 up-regulated the expression of IGF binding proteins (Igfbp2 and Igfbp5). In the mammary gland, unlike the uterus and vagina, no gene showed altered expression 6 hr after the E2 exposure. These results suggest that expression of Igf-1 and morphogenesis genes is regulated by E2 in an organ-specific manner, and it is supported by the results of BrdU labeling showing E2-induced mitosis in the uterus and vagina except the mammary gland. The differences in organ specificity in response to E2 may be attributed by differences in gene expression regulated by E2 in female reproductive organs. The candidate estrogen-responsive genes in the uterus and vagina identified by profiling provide an important foundation understanding functional mechanisms of estrogen regulating morphogenesis and maintenance of each reproductive organ. 相似文献
63.
Takano T Hohdatsu T Hashida Y Kaneko Y Tanabe M Koyama H 《Veterinary microbiology》2007,119(2-4):121-131
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) cats show a decrease in peripheral blood lymphocyte counts, and a particularly marked decrease in T cells including CD4+ and CD8+ cells. In this study, we showed that lymphopenia observed in FIP cats was due to apoptosis, and that the ascitic fluid, plasma, and culture supernatant of peritoneal exudate cells (adherent cells with macrophage morphology, or PEC) from FIP cats readily induced apoptosis in specific pathogen-free cat peripheral blood mononuclear cells, particularly CD8+ cells. In addition, TNF-alpha released from macrophages and TNF-receptor (TNFR) 1 and TNFR2 mRNA expression in lymphocytes were closely involved in this apoptosis induction. In particular, in CD8+ cells cultured in the presence of the PEC culture supernatant, the expression levels of TNFR1 and TNFR2 mRNA were increased, indicating that CD8+ cells are more susceptible to apoptosis induction by TNF-alpha than other lymphocyte subsets, particularly B cells (CD21+ cells). The results of this study suggest that TNF-alpha, produced by virus-infected macrophages, is responsible for induction of apoptosis in uninfected T cells, primarily CD8+ T cells. 相似文献
64.
Hiroshi TAKANO Tomomi ISOGAI Takuma AOKI Yoshito WAKAO Yoko FUJII 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(2):193-201
The purpose of the present study is to investigate the feasibility of strain analysis using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) in cats and to evaluate STE variables in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Sixteen clinically healthy cats and 17 cats with HCM were used. Radial and circumferential strain and strain rate variables in healthy cats were measured using STE to assess the feasibility. Comparisons of global strain and strain variables between healthy cats and cats with HCM were performed. Segmental assessments of left ventricle (LV) wall for strain and strain rate variables in cats with HCM were also performed. As a result, technically adequate images were obtained in 97.6% of the segments for STE analysis. Sedation using buprenorphine and acepromazine did not affect any global strain nor strain rate variable. In LV segments of cats with HCM, reduced segmental radial strain and strain rate variables had significantly related with segmental LV hypertrophy.
It is concluded that STE analysis using short axis images of LV appeared to be clinically feasible in cats, having the possibility to be useful for detecting myocardial dysfunctions in cats with diseased heart. 相似文献
65.
Hiromichi MITAKE Naoto ITO Kota OKADERA Kazuma OKADA Kento NAKAGAWA Tomomi TANAKA Kiyohito KATSURAGI Kasumi KASAHARA Toshihide NIHONGI Hiroshi TSUNEMITSU Makoto SUGIYAMA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(2):221-224
A total of 568 normal feces from calves on a beef farm in Fukui Prefecture, Japan, in 2011–2012 were examined by RT-semi-nested PCR for rotavirus A (RVA) VP4 genes. Through partial sequencing and BLAST analyses of 84 VP4-positive specimens, we identified an avian-like RVA strain, N2342, which shares highest nucleotide identity (80.0%) with known avian-like bovine strain 993/83, in one specimen. Phylogenetic analysis also revealed a close genetic relationship between N2342 and avian RVAs, suggesting bird-to-cattle transmission. We observed frequent contact of wild birds with calves in the farm, suggesting that these birds were the source of the virus. 相似文献
66.
Md. Majibur Rahman Khan Yasuo Gotoh Hideaki Morikawa Mikihiko Miura 《Fibers and Polymers》2006,7(4):333-338
Silk fibroin (SF) fiber from theAntheraea pernyi silkworm was treated with a 1.23 N iodine-potassium iodide (I2-KI) aqueous solution, and the structure and physical properties were investigated to clarify the effects of the iodine treatment. The noticeably high weight gain value of SF fiber, about 25 wt% was attributed to the absorption of polyiodide ions in the form of I3 ? and I5 ?. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction measurements suggested that polyiodide ions mainly entered the amorphous region. In addition, a new sharp reflection on the meridional direction, corresponding to a period of 7.0 Å, was observed and indicated the possibility of the formation of mesophase structure ofβ-conformation chains. Dynamic viscoelastic measurements showed that the damping tanδ peak at 270°C gradually shifted to lower temperature in the iodinated SF fibers, suggesting an enhancement of the molecular motion of the fibroin chains induced by the presence of polyiodide ions. With heating above 254 °C, the iodine component introduced intermolecular cross-linking of SF, and the melt flow of the sample was inhibited. The thermal decomposition stability of fibroin molecules was greatly enhanced by iodine treatment. 相似文献
67.
Tanii H Higashi T Nishimura F Higuchi Y Saijoh K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(23):8993-8996
Little is known about whether glucosinolate-derived nitriles have the ability to increase phase 2 detoxication enzymes and glutathione (GSH) in vivo. In this study, the ability of allyl nitrile, a hydrolysis product of the glucosinolate sinigrin, to increase tissue levels of the phase 2 detoxication enzymes glutathione S-transferase and quinone reductase and GSH in a variety of mouse tissues was examined. At the lowest dose level (11.8 mg/kg/day), allyl nitrile showed inductive ability in the stomach and lungs. At 23.6 mg/kg/day, the inductive effect was observed in the stomach, rectum, urinary bladder, and lungs, whereas at 47.2 mg/kg/day, it was recorded in the stomach, rectum, urinary bladder, kidneys, and lungs. These results show that allyl nitrile displays its maximum potency in the stomach and lungs, which is of interest in light of epidemiological studies demonstrating an inverse association between crucifer intake and the incidence of stomach and lung cancers. 相似文献
68.
Masuda T Inaba Y Maekawa T Takeda Y Tamura H Yamaguchi H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(21):5863-5869
A solution of carnosic acid quinone, which is a radical chain-termination product having no antioxidant activity in the antioxidant reaction of carnosic acid, recovers potent antioxidant activity upon standing. The HPLC analysis of an aged solution of carnosic acid quinone revealed that several antioxidants are produced in the solution. From the time-course and quantitative analyses of the formation of the products and their structural analysis, an antioxidant mechanism from carnosic acid quinone is proposed that includes a redox reaction of carnosic acid quinone in addition to the isomerization to lactone derivatives. In the first stage of antioxidation, carnosic acid, the reduction product from carnosic acid quinone, contributes to the potent antioxidant activity of the solution. This proposed mechanism can explain one of the reasons for the strong antioxidant activity of the extract of the popular herbs sage and rosemary. 相似文献
69.
Natsumi ENDO Kiyosuke NAGAI Tomomi TANAKA Hideo KAMOMAE 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(3):282-287
The aim of this study was to examine whether increased frequency of luteinizing hormone
(LH) pulses influences luteal progesterone (P4) secretion by measuring
progesterone concentrations at the secreted (caudal vena cava) and circulating levels
(jugular vein) in lactating dairy cows. Cows received six intravenous administrations of
2.5 μg of GnRH (gonadorelin acetate, n=4) or 2 ml saline (n=3) at 1-h intervals on 12.4 ±
0.4 (mean ± SE) days after ovulation. Blood samples were collected from the caudal vena
cava and jugular vein every 12 min for 12 h (6 h before and after treatment). During the 6
h after treatment, frequency of LH pulses (5.3 ± 0.3 and 3.0 ± 0.0 pulses/6 h) and mean LH
concentration (0.50 ± 0.06 and 0.38 ± 0.05 ng/ml) were greater (P<0.05) in GnRH-treated
cows than in saline-treated cows. Mean P4 concentration and amplitude of
P4 pulses in the caudal vena cava during the 6 h after treatment were greater
(P<0.05) in GnRH-treated cows than in saline-treated cows, but the frequency of
P4 pulses was not different between the groups. Mean P4
concentration in the jugular vein during the 6 h after treatment was also higher
(P<0.05) in GnRH-treated cows than in saline-treated cows (7.0 ± 1.3 and 5.4 ± 0.9
ng/ml). These results indicate that the increased frequency of LH pulses stimulates
progesterone secretion from the functional corpus luteum and brings about higher
P4 concentrations in the circulating blood in lactating dairy cows. 相似文献
70.