油松不同生态型的适应性的研究

对油松第一、二批种源试验的五个指标进行了多点方差分析,结果表明,种源与立地交互作用均极显著。其中七年生保存率种源与立地交互作用最强。利用Finlay和Wilkinson提出的方法,对油松七个生态型种源的适应性及稳定性进行了研究。结果表明,东部型和中部型适应性强,在各地生长水平也较高;东北型和西北型仅适应干旱寒冷地区;中西型、西南型和南部型适应性也差,仅能适应比较温暖多雨的地区。当地种源一般表现较好。     

卫星遥感在森林病虫害监测上的研究进展

总结了近20年来卫星遥感技术在森林病虫害监测领域的研究进展,并概括了遥感监测模型的主要应用形式,指出了目前卫星遥感监测森林病虫害工作的局限性,展望了其应用前景。目的在于为卫星遥感监测森林病虫害工作提供一种有益的启示。     

天然松树脂的研究进展

 松树脂被广泛用于医药、香料等领域。我国早在20世纪50年代就已成为世界首要松香生产国之一。综述报道了世界上各种松树脂的组成、结构及用途。     

组培枣苗基因组DNA提取方法及其含量的比较

本文以组培二倍体木枣、四倍体变异苗和二倍体京枣苗为供试材料,采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳和紫外分光光度检测技术,研究了不同提取方法对其叶片基因组DNA的提取效果。结果表明,CTAB法提取枣叶片DNA的效果优于SDS法,表现为蛋白质杂质干扰少,DNA结构完整、纯度与得率高;用不同方法提取的样液中DNA片段的大小和分布是不同的,以改进的CTAB法提取的样液中大片段的DNA分子较多,所以在其底部分布较多,而用SDS法提取的样液中小片段的DNA分子较多,故在其上部分布较多;电泳时不同的加样量获得的DNA带也有较大差异,试验选出CTAB法提取样液的适宜的加样量为5μL（7.485μg）,SDS法提取样液的适宜的加样量为4μL（5.988μg）;枣品种间DNA的含量明显不同,木枣四倍体的DNA含量（3.074μg/μL）相当于组培木枣二倍体（1.497μg/μL）的2倍,也明显地高于京枣二倍体（2.182μg/μL）。这些结果为枣树遗传种质资源的研究奠定了一定的科学与技术基础。     

Global dung beetle response to tropical forest modification and fragmentation: A quantitative literature review and meta-analysis

Although insects are crucial for maintaining ecosystem function, our understanding of their overall response to human activity remains limited. This is no less true of dung-burying beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae), which provide a suite of critical ecosystem functions and services, yet but face multiple conservation threats, particularly from landscape conversion. Here we use a review and meta-analysis to synthesize the current knowledge concerning response to tropical forest modification and fragmentation of dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae). For every modified habitat type and individual forest fragment across 33 studies, we calculated six dung beetle community parameters, standardized relative to intact tropical forest. We organized modified habitats along an approximate disturbance gradient ranging from selectively logged, late and early secondary forest, through agroforestry, tree plantations, to annual crops, cattle pastures and clear-cuts. Secondary forests, selectively logged forest and agroforests supported rich communities with many intact forest species, while cattle pastures and clear-cuts contained fewer species overall with few forest-dwelling species. Abundance generally declined with increasing modification, but was quite variable. Communities in open habitats were often characterized by hyper-abundance of a small number of small-bodied species, leading to low evenness. Across fragmentation studies, dung beetle species richness, abundance and evenness declined in smaller forest fragments. Richness and abundance sometimes declined in more isolated fragments, although this response appeared to depend on matrix quality. Across both habitat modification and fragmentation studies, geographic location and landscape context appeared to modify dung beetle response by influencing the available pool of colonists. We discuss potential underlying mechanisms and conclude with recommendations for management and conservation and for future research.     

北京山区水利富民工程的环境价值评估

应用环境经济学原理与方法研究了北京山区水利富民工程改善生态环境和促进社会发展的价值。研究结果表明,工程的生态环境价值为1148.5亿元,包括保护水资源的价值735.7亿元,保护土地资源的价值70.6亿元,保护环境的价值44.8亿元,生态旅游价值297.3亿元。其中,水利工程产生的价值是459.4亿元,占总价值的40％。社会效益价值体现在招商引资7.24亿元,农民人均纯收入增长了55.5％,北京山区教育事业费和中级以上科技人员总数分别增长了32.8％和4.5％。