双孢蘑菇工厂化生产关键装备研究现状及对策

我国双孢蘑菇工厂化生产正处于一个快速发展的阶段,制约期发展的重要因素是设备自动化程度低。针对国内外双孢蘑菇工厂化生产关键装备研究现状,结合生产实例分析目前存在的问题,对双孢蘑菇工厂化生产关键装备的研究趋势进行了探讨。      

化学封顶棉花高产诊断指标鉴定及产量形成的生育规律

【目的】研究北疆地区化学封顶棉花,产量形成所对应的生育规律及叶龄指标,建立高产诊断指标并研究高产形成的生育规律。【方法】选取高产、中产、低产三块棉田,分析不同产量棉田棉花生育过程及农艺指标变化规律,建立诊断指标表。【结果】不同产量棉田各生育时期在株型的表现上存在差异,主要集中在出叶速度,茎粗,果枝现蕾、开花和吐絮的时间。化学封顶高产棉田主茎叶片数控制在17片左右,株高控制在75~80 cm,化学封顶后株高增长量在10 cm以内,各果枝第一节位现蕾、开花速率宜保持在3 d/台,吐絮在2.12 d/台,现蕾至开花以22 d为宜,开花至吐絮以57.5 d为宜。【结论】制定化学打顶高产棉田“叶龄-相对株高法”、“叶龄-相对茎粗法”叶龄高产诊断指标表,保证化学封顶棉田产量维持在较高水平,需在棉花不同生育时期,合理控制株形、出叶速度及长势。     

二色胡枝子黄酮抗氧化活性的研究

通过二色胡枝子黄酮(Lespedeza bicolor flavonoids,LBF)清除羟自由基、超氧阴离子的效果及抑制猪油、菜油、和亚油酸的自氧化来研究二色胡枝子黄酮的抗氧化活性.其研究结果表明,二色胡枝子黄酮对清除自由基有显著性作用,且清除率随黄酮浓度的增加而增大;能够极显著地抑制猪油、菜油、亚油酸的自氧化(P＜0.01),抑制作用随浓度的增大而增强.作为天然的抗氧化剂,二色胡枝子黄酮具有一定的开发利用价值.     

Addition of rabbit serum to EMJH medium improves isolation of Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo

The addition of 2% pooled rabbit serum to semi-solid commercial EMJH medium with EMJH enrichment and 0,5 mg of 5-fluorouracil per ml was found to enhance the growth rate and success of isolation of Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo from bovine urine. Cultures made on media without serum had to be kept for more than 130 days before being discarded as negative.     

Investigation of the porcine PA28 activator γ-subunit (PSME3) gene: isolation, polymorphism and its chromosomal localization

The PA28 activator γ‐subunit encoded by the PSME3 gene is the third component of the PA28 activator complex, which is the 11S regulator of the 20S proteasome. The open reading frame (ORF) sequence of the porcine PSME3 gene encoding the proteasome activator γ‐subunits (or proteasome activator subunit 3) was determined. The deduced amino acid sequence shows 100% identity with the corresponding human and murine sequence. Two single nucleotide substitutions, one located in intron 5 (I5), the other one in exon 8 (E8), were detected using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment‐length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP). Analysis on allele frequencies of the two polymorphic sites determined in different pig breeds (Duroc, Tibet, Qingping, Meishan, Erhualian and Mingzhu) showed large differences between Duroc and Chinese indigenous pig breeds investigated. The PSME3 gene was physically assigned to SSC12p11 – (2/3) p13 in the vicinity of the GH gene. This result provides an additional type I marker to the GH linkage group on SSC12.     

Seroprevalence of bovine immunodeficiency virus and bovine leukemia virus in draught animals in Cambodia

Since bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV), known as bovine lentivirus, has been detected in dairy and beef cattle in various countries around the world, a prevalence study of antibodies to BIV and bovine leukemia virus (BLV) was conducted in draught animals in five provinces in Cambodia, where protozoan parasite infections were suspected in some animals. To clarify the status of draught animals including Haryana, Brahman, mixed-breed, local breed cattle and muscle water buffaloes, a total of 544 cattle and 42 buffaloes were tested, and 26.3 and 16.7%, respectively, were found positive for anti-BIV p26 antibodies determined by Western blotting. There were 5.3% positive for anti-BLV antibodies detected by immunodiffusion test among the cattle, but no reactors among buffaloes and no dual infection for both BIV and BLV was determined in this study. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from BIV-seropositive cattle were found to have BIV-provirus DNA, as detected by polymerase chain reaction and subsequent Southern blot hybridization. This is the first evidence for the presence of BIV and BLV infections in draught animals in tropical countries such as Cambodia. This wide distribution of BIV suggests its association with problems in animal health as reported worldwide, and that a primary BIV infection can predispose death of affected animals by other aggressive pathogens or stresses.     

“I-214杨”心材、边材木质素的红外光谱、质子和碳-13核磁共振波谱特征研究

对从杨树心、边材提取的磨木木质素进行了元素分析和红外光谱（FTIR）质子和碳－13核磁共振波谱（^1H,^13C NMR)等化学特征研究。研究结果表明：杨树心、边材木质素的经验式分别为C9H7．16O2．38（OCH3）1．99和C9H8．61O2．73（OCH3）1．33。心材木质素甲氧基含量28．16％,比边材高8．73％。两种木质素均具有典型阔叶材的特征,化学结构类型基本一致,碳骨架结构基本相同,但化学官能团和键型的组成上存在差异。     

Histological organization of collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) lip

Collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) belongs to the Tayassuidae family that is characterized by a dorsal scent gland located in the middle of the hump. It can be found from south-west United States to Argentina. It is a very well-adapted animal that can survive different environments, having a varied diet. Very little morphological information of the animal is available, except that concerning the reproductive tract. This study describes the histological organization of the collared peccary lip. The lip marks the junction between the integument and digestive system. It is lined by skin on the outer surface and mucosa on the inner surface. Skin appendages such as hair follicles and glands are usually found on the outer surface. The collared peccary's lip shows, on the outer surface, simple and sinus hair follicles as well as sebaceous and apocrine sweat glands. No salivary gland is found on the inner surface, and deep in the connective tissue pacinian corpuscles can be found. The connective tissue is rich in collagen and elastic fibres. The collared peccary's lip may be used not only for food prehension but also functions as a sensitive structure giving tactile input to the central nervous system.     

青藏高原高寒湿地产纤维素酶菌株的分离、鉴定和产酶的初步研究

自青藏高原若尔盖高寒湿地距离表层80 cm深处的土壤中分离筛选到一株具有高纤维素分解活性的兼性厌氧菌株H-2。根据形态学、生理生化特征和16S rDNA分子生物学手段鉴定其为蜡样芽孢杆菌（Bacillus cereus）。对H-2菌株的产酶条件研究表明,羧甲基纤维素钠（sodium carboxymethyl cellulose-Na,CMC-Na）为最佳碳源;在1.5% CMC-Na,30℃、180 rpm振荡培养24 h,H-2产酶活性最高;15℃时,H-2仍保持80%产酶活性。对H-2菌株的纤维素酶活性条件进行初步研究表明,pH 7.0、温度40℃时,该菌株所产纤维素酶的活力最高,可达15.443 U。     

苜蓿蓟马抗性与生理活性相关性研究

1材料与方法1．1试材与试验地概况供试材料为现蕾期的草原2号紫花苜蓿、敖汉苜蓿、阿尔冈金苜蓿及自选抗蓟马新品系紫花苜蓿。试验地设置在呼和浩特内蒙古农业大学科技园区牧草试验站内种植3年的人工草地。该地位于东经111°48’,北纬40°48’,海拔1063m,属于典型大陆性气候,日气温最高和最低分别为36．9℃和-33℃,年均气温5．4℃,≥10℃年积温2915℃,年平均降水量350-400mm,主要集中在7-9月,无霜期135d：