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191.
Ohishi K Kasai M Shimada A Hatae K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(14):4054-4059
The effect of acetic acid on the dissolution of proteins in rice was studied to elucidate the mechanism for the textural change induced by the acid by chemical and SDS-PAGE analyses of the rice proteins in the soaking solution. More proteins were extracted with 0.2 M acetic acid (pH 2.7) than with water (pH 6.8). The effect of acetic acid on the protein dissolution increased with increasing temperature. Immunoblotting confirmed that, when rice was soaked in acetic acid, glutelin was dissolved into the soaking solution and degraded by aspartic proteinase. Aspartic proteinase degraded glutelin much more than it did albumin and globulin. It was found that the combined amount of albumin and globulin dissolved into the acetic acid solution was much larger than that of glutelin, despite the smaller amounts present of albumin and globulin than of glutelin. Metal ions were extracted more with acetic acid than with water. In addition, carboxypeptidase was activated under the acidic condition and resulted in an increase in the amount of free amino acids. The main effect of acetic acid on the dissolution of rice proteins was enhancement of the solubility of albumin, globulin, and glutelin, the effect of proteases being minor. 相似文献
192.
Eri UCHIDA-FUJII Yuta KINOSHITA Hidekazu NIWA Tatsuya MAEDA Toshio NUKADA Takanori UENO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(12):1907
Mycoplasma species are often isolated from horses with respiratory symptoms; however, the pathogenicity of Mycoplasma is still unclear. In autumn of 2018, we encountered an increase in cases with respiratory symptoms, mainly coughing, in a group of Thoroughbred racehorses in Japan. We examined tracheal wash samples obtained from 40 of those cases. Bacteria and viruses that commonly cause respiratory symptoms were investigated, and anaerobes were detected in only 5 cases and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (S. zooepidemicus) was detected in only 1 case of 40 cases with loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay. S. zooepidemicus and Streptococcus pneumoniae were isolated at a bacterial count of higher than 1.0 × 104 CFU/ml from 5 and 2 cases of 28 cases cultured, respectively. None of the viruses investigated was detected in 40 cases. Mycoplasma equirhinis (M. equirhinis) was isolated from 40.0% (16/40) of the cases, which was higher than previously reported isolation rates. The rate of M. equirhinis isolation in the cases from 2018 was significantly higher than the isolation rates in the other horses: clinical cases with respiratory symptoms in 2019–2020 (13.6%, 3/22) and healthy horses (13.5%, 5/37) in Japan. In this study, the isolation rate of M. equirhinis from horse group with cough symptoms in 2018 was high and no other common etiological agents were detected. The pathogenesis of M. equirhinis is still unclear, however, M. equirhinis might have been associated with respiratory symptoms in the Thoroughbred horse cases in 2018. 相似文献
193.
Haruo Shindo Daisuke Watanabe Tatsuya Onaga Makiko Urakawa Osamu Nakahara Qiaoyun Huang 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(5):763-767
Abstrac The effects of 3 oxides (Fe, Al, and Mn oxides) and 3 clay minerals (kaolin, montmorillonite, and allophane) on the adsorption and subsequent kinetic properties of acid phosphatase were compared. The amount of enzyme adsorbed by the oxides and clay minerals followed the order: montmorillonite ? kaolin > Mn oxide > Fe oxide > Al oxide ? allophane. The adsorption isotherms of the enzyme on the oxides and clay minerals, except for montmorillonite and allophane, fitted the Langmuir equation. The activity of the enzyme immobilized by the inorganic components studied was in the order of allophane > kaolin > Fe oxide > montmorillonite > Al oxide ≒ Mn oxide. Compared to the free enzyme, the V max, Km, and V max / K m values of the immobilized enzyme decreased, increased, and decreased, respectively. Among the oxides or clay minerals, the higher the ability of the inorganic components to adsorb the enzyme, the lower the value of the V max / K m ratio of the immobilized enzyme. These findings suggest that the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme complexes formed is determined by the adsorbability of the inorganic components for the enzyme. 相似文献
194.
195.
Kei Sawata Tatsuya Shibusawa Kazuo Ohashi Javier Ramon Sotomayor Castellanos Yasunori Hatano 《Journal of Wood Science》2008,54(1):45-53
Nail-head pull-through, lateral nail resistance, and single shear nailed joint tests were conducted on medium density fiberboard
(MDF) with different density profiles, and the relations between the results of these tests and the density profiles of MDF
were investigated. The maximum load of nail-head pull-through and the maximum load of nailed joints were little affected by
the density profile. However, the ultimate strength of lateral nail resistance, the stiffness, and the yield strength of nailed
joints were affected by the density profile of MDF and showed high values when the surface layer of the MDF had high density.
It is known that bending performance is also influenced by density profile. Therefore, the stiffness and the yield strength
of nailed joints were compared with the bending performance of MDF. The stiffness of nailed joints was positively correlated
with the modulus of elasticity (MOE); in the case of CN65 nails, the initial stiffness of joints changed little in response
to changes in MOE. The yield strength of nailed joints had a high positive correlation with the modulus of rupture (MOR).
The stiffness and the yield strength of nailed joints showed linear relationships with MOE and MOR, respectively. 相似文献
196.
Elly Kesumawati Munetaka Hosokawa Takushi Kimata Tatsuya Uemachi Susumu Yazawa 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009
To determine the effect of light intensity on flower greening, the Japanese hydrangea phyllody (JHP) phytoplasma-infected hydrangea cultivars ‘Midori’, ‘Libelle’, ‘Rosea’ and ‘Madame E. Mouillere’ plants were grown under different shade conditions. In the first-year experiment, the results indicate that the flowers of the JHP-phytoplasma-infected hydrangea become green under shaded conditions (70% and 49% sunlight intensities). On the other hand, under full sunlight intensity (100% sunlight intensity), the flowers of ‘Midori’, ‘Rosea’, and ‘Libelle’ plants were blue, pink or white. To calculate the percentage of flower greening, inflorescences of these plants were separated and divided into individual flowers, and classified into four types by green-area ratio, calculated using Adobe Photoshop. Under shading with one sheet of cheesecloth (70% sunlight intensity), the inflorescences of ‘Midori’, ‘Libelle’ and ‘Madame E. Mouillere’ plants were composed of more than 40% completely green flowers (0.8 ≦ green-area ratio), whereas those of ‘Rosea’ plant had 0% completely green flowers. Under shading with two sheets of cheesecloth (49% sunlight intensity), the inflorescences of ‘Midori’, ‘Libelle’ and ‘Madame E. Mouillere’ plants had more than 75% completely green flowers; ‘Rosea’ plants had 28%. In the second-year experiment, under full sunlight intensity, ‘Midori’ plants had four types of flower depending on their green-area ratio, namely, completely blue or pink, pink-green, greenish and completely green flowers. Under shading with two sheets of cheesecloth, ‘Midori’ plants had more than 90% completely green flowers. The JHP-phytoplasma could not be identified by PCR analysis in flowers with a green-area ratio = 0 (completely blue/pink/white flowers). On the other hand, in flowers with a green-area ratio > 0, the JHP-phytoplasma was detected by PCR analysis. Thus, we conclude that shading enhances flower greening in hydrangea by increasing the JHP-phytoplasma concentration in the flowers. 相似文献
197.
ABSTRACT: A new protein named MSP-SC (matrix shell protein from scallop) with a molecular weight of 14 kDa was isolated from the shell of a scallop, Patinopecten yessoensis , using gel filtration column chromatography, ion exchange column chromatography, and reverse phase C4 column chromatography. A comparison of the known protein sequences with the N-terminal sequence of MSP-SC showed that the protein sequence of MSP-SC was novel. Immunohistochemistry using a polyclonal antibody against MSP-SC showed that MSP-SC is expressed in the mantle pallial cell layer but not in the muscle tissue, and showed a punctate distribution along the horizontal calcified layer in the shell. The isolated MSP-SC inhibited the formation of calcium carbonate (CaCO3 ) crystals in a dose-dependent manner. The CaCO3 crystals grown in the presence of a lower concentration of MSP-SC were much larger and aggregated when compared with those formed in the absence of MSP-SC. In addition, the crystal had a radial and not cubical morphology. These results suggest that MSP-SC regulates the formation and the morphology of CaCO3 crystals in the shell. Moreover, its ability to aggregate CaCO3 crystals and its localization along the horizontal calcified layer in the shell suggest that MSP-SC may serve to connect the CaCO3 layers in the scallop shell. 相似文献
198.
Analysis of the relationship between luminescence and toxicity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vibrio carchariae</Emphasis> pathogenic to shrimp 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Tatsuya?Nakayama Nakao?Nomura Masatoshi?MatsumuraEmail author 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(6):1236-1242
ABSTRACT: Aquaculture deterioration is caused by Vibrio harveyi , which is one of the main shrimp pathogens. Vibrio carchariae having the same phenotypic characteristics as V. harveyi was isolated from a shrimp farm and used in this study to investigate the relationship between luminescence and toxicity. Luminescence was verified by monitoring the expression of the LuxR gene. It was found that the relationship between the expression of LuxR and toxicity was the most significant factor related to luminescence. Results showed that LuxR expression was highest after 20 h of culture, which is comparable to the highest scintillation counter luminescence value (20 h). However, toxin levels in the culture broth were highest between 24 h-36 h of culture. Significant decrease in the toxicity level was observed after 36 h. It was also found that there was a decrease in toxicity level after 12 h of incubation at room temperature of the V. carchariae culture supernatant. The effect of the addition of cell-free culture supernatant on the luminescence of V. carchariae was also determined. Results showed that the addition of cell-free supernatant from 24 h-old culture was most effective in inducing and maintaining luminescence. 相似文献
199.
Yasuo Nakamura Tadashi Nakano Tatsuya Yurimoto Yukio Maeno Takayoshi Koizumi Akio Tamaki 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(6):931-941
We assessed the reproductive cycle of the venerid clam Meretrix lusoria by histological analysis of the gonads. Individuals for study were collected from natural populations on the Shirakawa tidal
flat, Ariake Sound, and from populations that had been transplanted from the Shirakawa flat to the Oi flat in Tokyo Bay. In
both study areas, the reproductive cycle was synchronized between sexes. Gonads of the clam started to develop in early spring
and matured during the summer. Mass spawning occurred in the late summer/early fall. The clam matured at a shell length of
17–20 mm, which is much smaller than previously considered. While trophic conditions and salinity differed considerably in
the two study areas, water temperatures showed similar seasonal changes (12°C during the winter and around 30°C during the
summer). Thus, temperature probably controlled gonadal development. The coincidence of the period of spawning with the period
of frequent intrusion of hypoxic waters into the tidal flats in Tokyo Bay suggests that such hypoxic events interfere with
clam recruitment and are at least partly responsible for the disappearance of the natural population at this location. 相似文献
200.