广东蕉岭长潭自然保护区主要森林植被类型的调查

广东蕉岭长潭自然保护区的植被可分为4个植被型组、5个植被型和10个群系。以地带性植被常绿阔叶林占优势,其中中亚热带常绿阔叶林主要分布于海拔250~600 m之间,中亚热带山顶常绿阔叶矮林分布于600~700 m的山脊和山顶,竹林分布于220 m以下及网顶窝;亚热带常绿针叶林、以马尾松为优势的针阔混交林以及禾草草丛和蕨类草丛也有一定的分布,体现出植被也有一定的次生性,有必要加强保护。     

海带病害防治诊断专家系统的研究

海带病害的诊断和防治是保障海带健康养殖的关键。为了提高海带养殖用户的病害诊断和防治水平,本文对海带病害诊断专家系统进行了研究。首先,研究了知识的获取,以学术期刊发表的文献为主,同时辅以专家的调研,收集整理28种海带病害;接着,选择产生式规则描述知识,并构造了规则库;最后,采用正向推理进行病害诊断。该系统采用JSP+Sevlet+JavaBean实现,可以满足海带养殖用户对病害防治诊断的需求,并指出了下一步的研究方向和内容。     

我国防治小麦赤霉病的药剂种类评析

赤霉病是小麦生长后期的第一大病害,严重威胁小麦生产安全.近年来,赤霉病流行频率增加,发生为害加重,已成为常发性病害.目前,化学防治仍是防控该病的重要手段.为此,统计了我国登记用于防控赤霉病的农药品种数量、产品剂型、毒性级别,简要评析了不同农药的成分、作用机理及优缺点,指出当前已登记防治该病的农药所存在的主要问题,并提出...     

Multidimensional diversity of bird communities across spatial variation of land cover in Zoige on the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Background: Spatial variation of land cover can result in the changes of community similarities and biotic homog-enization, whereby the increasing similarity wo...     

表达猪细小病毒VP2蛋白的重组干酪乳杆菌的构建

利用Oligo设计合成一对引物P1、P2,分别含有BamHI和XhoI酶切位点,以猪细小病毒株LJL12的DNA为模板,采用PCR技术扩增VP2基因,克隆到pMD18-TSimple载体,并进行酶切、PCR鉴定和序列测定。将VP2基因分别亚克隆到干酪乳杆菌细胞表面表达型载体pPG1和分泌型表达载体pPG2的BamHI和XhoI酶切位点,电转化干酪乳杆菌Lactobacillus casei393,获得阳性重组菌株。成功构建了猪细小病毒VP2蛋白的干酪乳杆菌表达系统,命名为pPG1-VP2/L.casei393和pPG2-VP2/L.casei393。     

黄皮次生木质部导管分子观察研究

运用细胞图象分析系统及显微照相的方法对黄皮次生木质部导管分子进行了观察研究。在黄皮的次生木质部导管分子中存在着许多不同的样式,分别对其进行了描述,并从导管分子个体发育与系统发育的角度进行了讨论。     

改善城市绿化生态效益的途径探讨

从国情和生态角度出发,针对当前城市绿化中存在的问题,以国内外城市改善生态环境成功经验为例,并通过树木和草坪的综合比较,提出城市绿化应因地制宜,以栽树为主,乔灌草结合,注重生态系统的完整性和效益最大化,发展生态园林,改善城市生态环境。     

天山野果林塞威士苹果和短距凤仙花叶斑病病原真菌的鉴定

为了解新疆天山野果林中塞威士苹果Malus sieversii与其林下伴生植物短距凤仙花Impatiens brachycentra两种植物叶斑病病原菌的多样性及同源性,采用组织分离法获得病原菌,基于rDNA-ITS序列构建系统发育树,并进行ITS序列BLAST同源性比对,对病原菌进行鉴定分类,并依据科赫氏法则测定致病性。结果显示,从新疆新源县天山野果林中的塞威士苹果及短距凤仙花病叶上共分离得到18株菌落形态各异的病原菌,分属于2属4种,绝大多数属于半知菌亚门。其中,链格孢属Alternaria sp.为塞威士苹果和短距凤仙花叶斑病病原真菌中的优势菌群。致病性测定结果显示,其中11株病原真菌对塞威士苹果具有致病性,7株病原真菌对短距凤仙花具有致病性;塞威士苹果所有的病原真菌对短距凤仙花均有致病性,而且短距凤仙花所有的病原真菌对塞威士苹果也有致病性。推测2种植物叶斑病可能由相同来源的病原真菌引发,短距凤仙花染病加剧了塞威士苹果叶斑病暴发,可能是野果林退化的重要原因。     

Effects of lysine and methionine supplementation on growth,body composition and digestive function of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fed plant protein diets using high‐level canola meal

A 76‐day feeding trial was carried out to evaluate the effects of Lysine and Methionine supplementation on growth and digestive capacity of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fed plant protein diets using high‐level canola meal (CM). Fish with initial average weight 103.9 ± 0.6 g were fed three extruded diets. Fish meal (FM) diet was formulated as the normal control with 40 g kg^?1 FM and 300 g kg^?1 CM; CM diet was prepared by replacing all FM with CM (total 340 g kg^?1) without Lys or Met supplementation; CM supplement (CMS) diet was similar to CM diet but was supplemented with essential amino acids (EAA) to ensure the levels of Lys and Met similar to those in the FM diet. Feed intake, feed efficiency and specific growth rate of the grass carp fed CMS and FM diets were similar (P > 0.05), but higher than those of the grass carp fed CM diet (P < 0.05). The hepatosomatic index, relative gut length, intestosomatic index and intestinal folds height were significantly improved in fish fed FM and CMS diets as compared to CM diet (P < 0.05). Lower activities of trypsin, lipase and amylase in hepatopancreas were observed in fish fed CM diet (P < 0.05). Three hundred and forty gram per kilogram CM without Lys or Met supplementation significantly decreased trypsin, lipase and amylase mRNA levels in hepatopancreas (P < 0.05). These results indicated that the high supply of CM (340 g kg^?1) in plant protein (200 g kg^?1 soybean meal and 100 g kg^?1 cottonseed meal) diets decreased digestive ability through decreasing digestive enzyme activities and enzyme gene's expressions of grass carp, and these side effects can be reversed by supplementing Lys and Met. Therefore, CM could be high level used in a plant protein blend‐based extruded diet for grass carp as long as EAA were supplemented.     

水丰水库渔获变化和鱼类资源现状及小型经济鱼虾种间关系分析

水丰水库的渔获量1961－1980年间变化于47－300t,1981-1984年增长到740－1321t,1985-2000年为2270－4926t。渔获物组成中以亚洲公鱼为主，1980－2000年亚洲蚣鱼占总渔获的29．6％－93．0％，平均为65．6％。鲁鲫鱼占6．2％－16．4％，鲢鳙鱼占8．1％－13．3％，鳊鲂占1．8％－11．3％，虾占5．9％－16．1％，其它鱼类占2．4％－9．3％。2000年大银鱼占总渔获的2．8％。1985－2000年水库鱼类资源相对稳定。亚洲公鱼、青虾和大银鱼三种小型经济鱼虾的种间关系表现为互利共生，竞争和残敌关系，可能向种间形成平衡调节方向发展。