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61.
Qinghui Ai Kangsen Mai Beiping Tan Wei Xu Qingyuan Duan Hongming Ma Lu Zhang 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2006,260(1-4):255-263
A growth experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of replacement of fish meal (FM) by meat and bone meal (MBM) in diets on the growth and body composition of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea). Six isonitrogenous (43% crude protein) and isoenergetic (20 kJ g− 1) diets replacing 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75% FM protein by MBM protein were formulated. Each diet was randomly allocated to triplicate groups of fish in sea floating cages (1.0 × 1.0 × 1.5 m), and each cage was stocked with 180 fish (initial average weight of 1.88 ± 0.02 g). Fish were fed twice daily (05:00 and 17:30) to apparent satiation for 8 weeks. The water temperature ranged from 26.5 to 32.5 °C, salinity from 32 to 36‰, and dissolved oxygen content was approximately 7 mg l− 1 during the experimental period. Survival decreased with increasing dietary MBM and the survival in the fish fed the diet with 75% protein from MBM was significantly lower than other groups (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in specific growth rate (SGR) among the fish fed the diets with 0 (the control group), 15, 30 and 45% protein from MBM. However, SGR in the fish fed the diets with 60 and 75% protein from MBM were significantly lower than other groups (P < 0.05). No significant differences in feeding rate were observed among dietary treatments. The digestibility experiment showed that the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter, protein, lipid and energy of MBM were significantly lower compared with those of FM (P < 0.05). Essential amino acid index was found to be correlated positively with SGR in the present study, suggesting that essential amino acid balance was important. Body composition analysis showed that the carcass protein and essential amino acids were not significantly affected by dietary MBM. The lipid and n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid (n-3 HUFA) in fish muscle, however, significantly decreased with increasing dietary MBM. These results showed that 45% of FM protein could be replaced by MBM protein in diets of large yellow croaker without significantly reducing growth. It was suggested that the reduced growth with higher MBM was due to lower digestibility and imbalance of essential amino acids. 相似文献
62.
为研究氨氮应激下溶菌酶对吉富罗非鱼血清生化指标、抗菌性能及肝脏抗氧化能力的影响,用6种不同溶菌酶添加水平(0、18、36、54、72和90 mg/kg)的饲料(分别记为L0、L18、L36、L54、L72和L90)饲喂初始均重为(11.35±0.08)g的罗非鱼60 d,之后应用氯化铵进行24 h氨氮应激实验。结果显示:1应激后,各组鱼的血清生化指标在组间存在较大差异(P0.05),不同溶菌酶添加水平下的鱼体对氨氮应激产生了不同的响应机制。L54组鱼主要通过激发免疫系统并调节蛋白质代谢来抵抗氨氮浓度突变;L72和L90组鱼主要通过调节高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白、胆固醇和甘油三酯之间的动态变化来缓解氨氮对机体的应激。2血清抗菌实验表明,L54和L72组鱼对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和嗜水气单胞菌的抑制能力最大,且显著高于对照组(P0.05);L36~L90组对溶藻弧菌的抑制作用显著高于对照组和L18组(P0.05);各溶菌酶添加组的鱼对枯草芽孢杆菌具有不同程度的保护作用。3应激后肝脏的超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性随溶菌酶添加水平的增加总体呈现先升后降的变化趋势,L54组显著高于对照组(P0.05);各添加组丙二醛含量均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。研究表明,54和72mg/kg溶菌酶添加水平对氨氮应激下吉富罗非鱼的血清生化指标、抗菌活性和肝脏抗氧化指标产生了最积极有效的调控,能够增强鱼体的抗应激能力。 相似文献
63.
Guozhi Luo Zefeng Liu Jinfang Gao Zhiwei Hou Hongxin Tan 《Aquaculture International》2018,26(3):773-784
A denitrification reactor packed with polycaprolactone (PCL) as a carbon source and biofilm carrier was developed to remove nitrate nitrogen (\( {\mathrm{NO}}_3^{-}-\mathrm{N} \)) from the water of a recirculating aquaculture system for 115 days. The hydraulic retention time was set to 6 h, and the water flow rate was 0.95 L h?1. The removal rates of \( {\mathrm{NO}}_3^{-}-\mathrm{N} \) ranged from 34.67 to 155.7 g \( {\mathrm{NO}}_3^{-}-\mathrm{N} \) m?3 day?1 when the effluent \( {\mathrm{NO}}_3^{-}-\mathrm{N} \) concentrations ranged between 1.62 and 72.25 mg L?1. No obvious changes in the Fourier transform infrared spectra of the PCL before and after use were observed. Bacterial community structure in the biofilm of the PCL granules was analyzed using Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology. Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were predominant in the biofilm, with relative abundances of 63.9 and 27.4%, respectively. Three genera, Acidovorax, Azospira, and Diaphorobacter, were capable of both denitrification and PCL degradation. This study indicates that PCL-packed reactors may be used and optimized for removing nitrate from aquaculture effluents. 相似文献
64.
养殖密度对宝石鲈生长性能和血液生化指标的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
试验对循环水养殖系统中不同养殖密度宝石鲈(50,100,150,220尾/m3)的生长性能及血液生化指标进行比较.结果表明,150尾/m3组宝石鲈的生长较有优势,其特定生长率(1.61%/d)和存活率(89%)均较高,饲料系数较低(1.70);密度对血液中的谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶和胆红素的影响显著(P<0.05),随养殖密度增加其浓度呈上升趋势,均在220尾/m3密度组上升最多;密度对血清无机离子(钾、钠、氯、镁、磷)也有影响.综合认为循环水养殖条件下,150尾/m3养殖密度组宝石鲈生长效果较具优势. 相似文献
65.
Qianqian Huang Heizhao Lin Ruixuan Wang Zhong Huang Chuanpeng Zhou Wei Yu Pengwei Xun Lianjie Tan Yun Wang Jun Wang 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(9):2359-2370
In order to investigate the dietary vitamin B6 (VB6) requirement for juvenile golden pompano, an experiment of six different diets with six dietary VB6 levels (0, 3.75, 7.47, 10.6, 13.7 and 18.5 mg/kg) was conducted. The results indicated that the content of dietary VB6 significantly increased weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR; p < 0.05). Golden pompano fed diet containing 7.47 mg/kg VB6 achieved the maximum ALT, AST, GPx, hepatic VB6 concentrations as well as the minimum MDA, however, the ALT, AST, GPx and hepatic VB6 concentrations decreased while MDA increased with a further increase in dieatry VB6. The highest values of GR and POD occurred at the 10.6 and 13.7 mg/kg dietary VB6 (p < 0.05) respectively. A diet supplemented with 7.47 mg/kg VB6 increased intestinal Na+, K+‐ATPase, Chymotrypsin, γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase, creatine kinase and amylase activities (p < 0.05). The relative abundance of Tenericutes and Bacteroidetes decreased while Proteobacteria and Firmicutes improved with an increase in dietary VB6 levels up to 7.47 mg/kg. Quadratic regression analysis on WGR, hepatic VB6 concentrations, AST and ALT indicated that the optimum dietary VB6 levels for juvenile golden pompano were 8.84–9.28 mg/kg. 相似文献
66.
石榴为石榴科石榴属植物。在我国栽培已有2000年以上的历史,是我国古老的栽培果树之一。其作为栽培的只有一个种,即石榴(Punica granarum L.)。石榴树适应性强,易栽培,易管理。它集食用、药用和观赏于一身,在国内外有着广阔的消费市场。石榴在我国有六个生产区,即陕西临潼产区、山东枣庄产区、安徽怀远产区、四川会理产区、云南产区和新疆叶城产区。在西昌,石榴也是果树主栽品种,为西昌果农创造了丰厚的收入。 相似文献
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70.
Feng Liu Qinghui Ai Kangsen Mai Beiping Tan Hongming Ma Wei Xu Wenbing Zhang Zhiguo LiuFu 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2008,39(4):500-509
A 30‐d feeding experiment was conducted in tanks to investigate the effects of four different binders (2% in microdiet) on the survival, growth performance, and specific activity of digestive enzymes in tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther, postlarvae (24 d after hatching, with initial average wet weight of 22.4 ± 6.65 mg [mean ± SD]). Five approximately isonitrogenous and isoenergetic microbound diets were formulated with carrageenan (Car), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMS), sodium alginate (SA), and gelatin (Gel) as binders, and a diet with no special binder as a control. A commercial diet (RQ Com., manufactured by Marubeni Nisshin Feed Co., Ltd., Chita, Japan) was used as another tested diet, and Artemia nauplii was used as live prey control. The results showed that the survival of the fish fed SA diet (31.3%) was significantly higher than that of fish fed CMS (21.8%), Car (10.8%), and control (21.8%) diets (P < 0.05), but significantly lower than that of the fish fed the live prey (54.5%) diet (P < 0.05). The results of growth followed the similar pattern as that of survival, although there were no significant differences in specific growth rate (SGR) among fish fed SA, CMS, Gel, the control, and RQ diets (7.2, 6.8, 7.0, 6.9, and 7.3% per day; P > 0.05). However, fish fed Car diet had a significantly lower SGR (5.9% per day) than fish fed other diets. Percentages of secreted amylase in fish fed artificial diets were not significantly different, but fish fed artificial diets had significantly higher (P < 0.05) secreted amylase than live prey group. Percentage of secreted trypsin in fish fed SA diet (54.9%) was relatively higher compared with other binders, and not significantly different from RQ Com. and live prey treatments. However, trypsin in fish fed Car diets (29.3%) was significantly lower than in other groups. Specific activities of alkaline phosphatase (AP) in the intestine and AP and leucine aminopeptidase N in brush border membranes in fish fed SA diet (264.6, 1882.8, and 187.2 mU/mg protein) were relatively higher compared with other binders. These results indicate that SA is one of suitable binders compared with carrageenan, CMS, and gelatin in microdiet of postlarval tongue sole. 相似文献