转基因克隆牛外源基因整合位点的研究

整合位点的侧翼序列是外源基因表型研究和功能探讨的前提条件,对目的基因的正常转录和表达有着重要影响。本试验利用热不对称交措式PCR（Thermal Asymmetric Interlaced PCR,TAIL-PCR）的方法克隆了目的基因。结果表明：外源基因整合到牛的12号染色体基因组克隆(NW_003104315.1)中。分析了整合位点的纯合性发现转基因牛为整合位点杂合子。TAIL-PCR法能够有效、快速的鉴定外源基因在基因组中的整合位置,具有良好的应用前景。     

聚天冬氨酸强化植物修复重金属污染土壤的研究

为了探究PASP作为螯合剂在植物修复过程中的强化作用,采用土柱淋滤实验,研究不同浓度的聚天冬氨酸(PASP)对重金属铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)的活化能力（加入淋出量和空白对比）。结果表明,在一定浓度范围内,PASP对Pb和Cd的活化能力随PASP浓度的增加而增加。在盆栽模拟实验中发现,PASP对玉米修复重金属污染土壤有明显的强化作用。施用11 g/L PASP的玉米株高为114.4 cm,大于施加EDTA的植株(110.9 cm)。确定了PASP的最佳施用浓度为3 g/L和7 g/L,吸收重金属量分别为Pb 114.829 μg和84.662 μg、Cd 54.447 μg和66.915 μg,与EDTA相比对Cd的吸收量提高约10倍,对Pb的吸收量提高约3倍。进一步用水合肼和乙醇胺对PASP进行衍生化,淋洗实验证明用乙醇胺改性的PASP对重金属的活化效果得以提高,为修复被重金属污染的土壤提供了一种较好的络合剂。     

木薯生料发酵转化乙醇的工艺参数优化研究

以木薯（Manihot esculenta）为试材,分别用正交设计法和均匀设计法考察木薯生料发酵转化乙醇工艺参数,分析讨论了这两种设计的特点,得出在多水平多因素的条件下,均匀设计具有实施试验少、效果好等优势,并得到以乙醇产量为指标的生料发酵转化乙醇最佳工艺参数：料水比1:1.8,初始pH3.5,温度32℃,酵母添加量3.5×107cell/mL,(NH4)2SO4 0.5g,转速140r/min,糖化酶添加量200 u/g,淀粉酶添加量12 u/g,纤维素酶添加量25 u/g, 发酵周期120 h,此时乙醇得率达到15.7%（正交设计最优结果为9.2%）。     

拮抗细菌A2菌株的鉴定及其对小麦白粉病的防治效果

为适应现代无公害农业的发展,针对小麦白粉病的防治,从保护地土壤中分离得到一株生防细菌A2。通过形态学特征、生理生化特性的观察和测定,结合16S rDNA序列分析并构建系统发育树,对菌株A2进行了初步鉴定。同时,以清水为对照,测定了菌株A2对3432品种小麦白粉病的防治效果。结果显示该菌株主要特征是菌体杆状,内生芽孢、芽孢卵圆形,革兰氏染色阳性,好氧,接触酶反应、乙酰甲基甲醇实验为阳性,能利用柠檬酸盐;该菌株与亲缘关系较近菌株B.subtilis isolate G8的同源性达99%。结合以上两点,将菌株A2初步鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌（B. subtilis）。防效实验显示菌株A2发酵液处理最好防治效果为72.22%;无菌滤液处理最好防治效果为29.24%,与对照相比均具有显著性差异（α=0.05）。表明,拮抗菌株A2菌体与代谢产物对小麦白粉病都具有较强的防治作用,为研制型、无毒、无公害生物农药提供了依据。     

利用SSR标记鉴定桂单22号杂交一代种子纯度的研究

以桂单22号玉米杂交种及其亲本和10对玉米SSR位点引物为材料，筛选出了适合该杂交种纯度鉴定的SSR引物；并对利用嫩芽和干种子为材料提取DNA的效果进行了比较，建立了一套利用SSR标记技术快速，简便进行玉米杂交种纯度鉴定的技术规程。     

淀粉氧化反应机理的探究

介绍了淀粉的结构以及次氯酸钠、高锰酸钾和双氧水氧化淀粉的机理。     

石榴开花期叶面积指数与坐果率的关系

石榴为石榴科石榴属植物。在我国栽培已有2000年以上的历史,是我国古老的栽培果树之一。其作为栽培的只有一个种,即石榴（Punica granarum L．）。石榴树适应性强,易栽培,易管理。它集食用、药用和观赏于一身,在国内外有着广阔的消费市场。石榴在我国有六个生产区,即陕西临潼产区、山东枣庄产区、安徽怀远产区、四川会理产区、云南产区和新疆叶城产区。在西昌,石榴也是果树主栽品种,为西昌果农创造了丰厚的收入。     

温室环境下黄瓜采摘机器人信息获取

研究基于近红外图像的黄瓜果实与茎叶的信息表达方法,有效实现了近色系生物信息的图像识别。分析了黄瓜采摘深度图像信息的特点,通过建立基于灰度相关与极线几何相结合的匹配策略实现了双目视觉下的黄瓜抓取点的立体匹配和三维重建。研究温室环境下不同时间光照强度变化特点,建立了光照分析模型,提高了不同光照条件下的导航线提取的适应性。试验表明机器人视觉系统能有效识别、定位果实的空间位置,定位误差控制在±5mm以内。     

双流道泵内非定常固液两相流的数值分析

采用Mixture多相流模型、标准的k-ε湍流模型与SIMPLEC算法,应用FLUENT软件对双流道泵内固液两相湍流进行了非定常数值模拟.研究结果表明:不同时刻,泵流道内的压力分布明显不同,呈现周期性变化规律;在叶轮流道内,固相体积浓度分布极不均匀,颗粒主要集中于叶轮出口处的工作面和后盖板上,而在蜗壳流道内,固相颗粒多集中于离叶轮半径较大的蜗壳壁面上.     

Effects of Dietary Binders on Survival and Growth Performance of Postlarval Tongue Sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis (Günther)

A 30‐d feeding experiment was conducted in tanks to investigate the effects of four different binders (2% in microdiet) on the survival, growth performance, and specific activity of digestive enzymes in tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther, postlarvae (24 d after hatching, with initial average wet weight of 22.4 ± 6.65 mg [mean ± SD]). Five approximately isonitrogenous and isoenergetic microbound diets were formulated with carrageenan (Car), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMS), sodium alginate (SA), and gelatin (Gel) as binders, and a diet with no special binder as a control. A commercial diet (RQ Com., manufactured by Marubeni Nisshin Feed Co., Ltd., Chita, Japan) was used as another tested diet, and Artemia nauplii was used as live prey control. The results showed that the survival of the fish fed SA diet (31.3%) was significantly higher than that of fish fed CMS (21.8%), Car (10.8%), and control (21.8%) diets (P < 0.05), but significantly lower than that of the fish fed the live prey (54.5%) diet (P < 0.05). The results of growth followed the similar pattern as that of survival, although there were no significant differences in specific growth rate (SGR) among fish fed SA, CMS, Gel, the control, and RQ diets (7.2, 6.8, 7.0, 6.9, and 7.3% per day; P > 0.05). However, fish fed Car diet had a significantly lower SGR (5.9% per day) than fish fed other diets. Percentages of secreted amylase in fish fed artificial diets were not significantly different, but fish fed artificial diets had significantly higher (P < 0.05) secreted amylase than live prey group. Percentage of secreted trypsin in fish fed SA diet (54.9%) was relatively higher compared with other binders, and not significantly different from RQ Com. and live prey treatments. However, trypsin in fish fed Car diets (29.3%) was significantly lower than in other groups. Specific activities of alkaline phosphatase (AP) in the intestine and AP and leucine aminopeptidase N in brush border membranes in fish fed SA diet (264.6, 1882.8, and 187.2 mU/mg protein) were relatively higher compared with other binders. These results indicate that SA is one of suitable binders compared with carrageenan, CMS, and gelatin in microdiet of postlarval tongue sole.