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41.
Mio KOBAYASHI Toshinori YOSHIDA Risako YAMASHITA Ryo ICHIKAWA Junta NAKAHARA Kazuki NAKAMURA Hiromu OKANO Yasunori TAKAHASHI Nanao ITO Makoto SHIBUTANI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(6):994
We encountered a case of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in a 17-year-old female koala at a zoo. A fragile, papillary, elevated mass was found on the third digit of the right hind limb. SCC was identified histopathologically: squamous cell-like polygonal tumor cells showed a nest-like growth pattern with epidermal down growth, central keratinization and necrotic foci, and invaded dermal connective tissues. Metastatic lesions were observed in various organs, including the lung and axillary lymph node: in the lung, multiple metastatic foci similar to the primary lesion, and in the axillary lymph node, individual polygonal tumor cells infiltrated the sinusoids. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the tumor cells were positive for proliferating cell nuclear antigen, which exhibited 32–33% of labeling indices in the tumor cells. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a case of SCC in a digit of a koala. 相似文献
42.
Two disomic barley chromosome addition lines and five translocated chromosome addition lines of common wheat cultivar Shinchunaga
were isolated. They were derived from a hybrid plant between Shinchunaga and cultivated barley Nyugoruden (New Golden) by
backcrossing with wheat and self pollination. Barley chromosomes added to chromosome arms involved in the translocated chromosomes
were identified by C-banding method and by crossing these lines with Chinese Spring/Betzes addition lines. Two disomic addition
lines were identified to have chromosome 6 and 7 of barley, respectively. Two of the five translocated chromosome addition
lines were clarified to have same chromosome constitution, 42 wheat chromosomes and a pair of translocated chromosomes constituted
with a long arm of chromosome 5B of wheat and a short arm of chromosome 7 of barley. The other three lines could not be identified
due to chromosome rearrangement. Performances of these seven lines on agronomic characters were examined. Addition of barley
chromosome 7 induced early heading, and chromosome 6 showed lated heading. Almost all of the lines except that of chromosome
6 showed short culm length and all showed reduced number of tillers, spikelets and grains per ear, and low seed fertility.
These lines would be useful for genetic analyses in wheat and barley and for induction of useful genes of barley into wheat.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
43.
44.
Yamato MIZOBE Saori KURINO Yoshiaki SATA Hironori MORI Mitsutoshi YOSHIDA Kazuchika MIYOSHI 《Animal Science Journal》2010,81(4):453-460
Whether high osmolarity of a culture medium at the early culture stage affects the development of pig oocytes and miniature pig somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos activated by ultrasound was examined. When oocytes were cultured in modified porcine zygote medium‐3 (mPZM‐3) with increased NaCl to 138 mmol/L (mPZM‐3+NaCl; 326 mOsm) or 50 mmol/L sucrose (mPZM‐3+sucrose; 318 mOsm) for the first 2 days and then cultured in normal mPZM‐3 (273 mOsm) for 5 days, the cleavage and blastocyst formation rates were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of oocytes cultured in mPZM‐3 for 7 days. The cleavage and blastocyst formation rates of SCNT embryos cultured in mPZM‐3+NaCl for the first 2 days and then cultured in mPZM‐3 for 5 days were also significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of embryos cultured in mPZM‐3 for 7 days. These results showed that the high osmolarity of a culture medium induced by increasing NaCl concentration during the first 2 days improves the development of pig oocytes and miniature pig SCNT embryos activated by ultrasound. 相似文献
45.
Toshihiro NADE Kazuhisa FUJITA Masashi FUJII Masaya YOSHIDA Teikichi HARYU Satsuki MISUMI Toshiaki OKUMURA 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(5):513-517
An X‐ray computed tomography (CT) system for live standing cattle was developed for studying the meat yield, carcass composition and so on. The gantry contained three X‐ray tubes and detectors that corresponded to each X‐ray tube. The system was able to operate while the animal remained standing. The scan area had a diameter of 900 mm. The Musculus longissimus and Musculus trapezius areas, and the back fat thickness in the CT image were evaluated and compared to the actual cross‐section of the carcass using eight cattle. The differences among the muscles, and the subcutaneous and intermuscular fat were easily recognized. The correlation coefficient between the CT image and the actual carcass photograph of the M. longissimus area and the back fat thickness was high (r = 0.84, r = 0.93, P < 0.01). The present study demonstrated that muscle, fat and bone can be clearly imaged from a live standing animal using X‐ray equipment. 相似文献
46.
Kei YOSHIDA Toshio MATSUOKA Yui KOBATAKE Satoshi TAKASHIMA Naohito NISHII 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(2):275
The present study aimed to quantitatively evaluate muscle mass and gene expression in dogs with glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy. Five healthy beagles received oral prednisolone for 4 weeks (1 mg/kg/day), and muscle mass was then evaluated via computed tomography. Histological and gene expression analyses were performed using biopsy samples from the biceps femoris before and after prednisolone administration. The cross-sectional area of the third lumbar paraspinal and mid-femoral muscles significantly decreased after glucocorticoid administration (from 27.5 ± 1.9 to 22.6 ± 2.0 cm2 and from 55.1 ± 4.7 to 50.7 ± 4.1 cm2, respectively; P<0.01). The fast- and slow-twitch muscle fibers were both atrophied (from 2,779 ± 369 to 1,581 ± 207 μm2 and from 2,871 ± 211 to 1,971 ± 169 μm2, respectively; P<0.05). The expression of the growth factor receptor-bound protein 10 (GRB10) significantly increased after prednisolone administration (P<0.05). Because GRB10 suppresses insulin signaling and the subsequent mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 activity, increased expression of GRB10 may have resulted in a decrease in protein anabolism. Taken together, 1 mg/kg/day oral prednisolone for 4 weeks induced significant muscle atrophy in dogs, and GRB10 might participate in the pathology of glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy in canines. 相似文献
47.
EIJI TANESAKA EIKO UMEDA MASAYUKI YAMAMOTO KYOJIRO MASUDA KYOJI YAMADA MOTONOBU YOSHIDA 《Weed Biology and Management》2012,12(2):91-97
Sesamum mulayanum is a wild relative of cultivated sesame, Sesamum indicum, and sometimes grows in sesame crop fields as an associated weed. This species shows deep seed dormancy and is characterized by conspicuous purple pigmentation on the lower lip of the corolla. The present study examined the inheritance mode of seed dormancy by using reciprocal progeny from crosses between the two species. The seeds of S. indicum and F1 (S. indicum×S. mulayanum) showed good germination, but those of S. mulayanum and F1 (S. mulayanum×S. indicum) showed deep dormancy. The F2 seeds from both reciprocal crosses showed deep dormancy. These results, combined with the maternal inheritance of seed‐coat characteristics, indicated that the seed dormancy of S. mulayanum can be attributed to its seed‐coat structure (coat‐enhanced dormancy). The F3 (S. indicum×S. mulayanum) seeds varied in their depth of seed dormancy and those seeds with deep dormancy (<50% germination) and those with no or shallow dormancy (≥50% germination) occurred in the expected ratio of 3:1, indicating that this trait is polygenic but is controlled by a single dominant major gene. The purple pigmentation of the corolla was expressed in both reciprocal F1 plants and the presence and absence of pigmentation was segregated among the F2 plants at the expected ratio of 3:1, indicating that this trait is also controlled by a single dominant gene. The segregation of the major gene controlling seed dormancy and that controlling purple pigmentation was not independent (9:3:3:1), indicating that these genes are linked, providing insights on sesame domestication. 相似文献
48.
Shunsuke TAKAHASHI Yoko YOSHIDA Nobuo NAKANISHI Takamitsu TSUKAHARA Kazunari USHIDA 《Animal Science Journal》2008,79(6):737-744
Levels of fecal or intestinal lactobacilli, Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens, and the prevalence of clostridial alpha toxin gene and heat‐stable toxin (ST) gene of enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) were monitored in weaned piglets before (day 0) and during (days 7, 14, and 21) the administration of Lactobacillus plantarum strain Lq80. Lactobacilli were enumerated in a culture‐dependent method. The remainders were determined by quantitative real‐time PCR. In this quantitative real‐time PCR method, the detection limit was proved to be as low as 103 cells/g feces or intestinal contents. Number of lactobacilli increased from day 0 to day 7 (P < 0.05), to day 14 (P < 0.05), and to day 21 (P = 0.07) in the Lq80‐administered group. L. plantarum contributed to as low as 10% of the lactobacillal population in the Lq80‐administered group. The number of E. coli and C. perfringens, and the prevalence of alpha toxin gene in feces or intestinal contents of the Lq80‐administered group decreased, at least in the first week of the postweaning period. Oral administration of L. plantarum strain Lq80 can stimulate the growth of indigenous lactobacilli and decrease ST‐producing ETEC and C. perfringens in the intestine of postweaning piglets. 相似文献
49.
Makoto Mitsumori Toshiya Hasunuma Tomoko Okimura Takumi Shinkai Yosuke Kobayashi Makoto Hirako Shiro Kushibiki 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(12):1556-1566
Ruminant animals are able to convert plant materials (grain and the human‐indigestible portion of carbohydrates) to milk and meat. In this conversion, most of the plant materials are digested by rumen fermentation and are changed to short‐chain fatty acids, microbial cells, and methane, which is released into the atmosphere. The relationships among feed, rumen fermentation, and milk production are poorly understood. Here we report a novel indicator of characteristics of rumen fermentation, theoretical turnover rate (TTOR) of the rumen liquid fraction. The TTOR was calculated from the presumed rumen volume (PRV) which is estimated by dividing the methane yield by the methane concentration of rumen fluid. The formula for the TTOR is: TTOR = PRV/body weight0.75. Our present analyses confirm that the TTOR as an indicator is capable of connecting feed, rumen fermentation, and milk production, because dry matter intake/TTOR showed a strong correlation with milk yield/TTOR. In addition, the TTOR may be related to ruminal pH, as we observed that the ruminal pH decreased as the TTOR increased. We propose that the TTOR is a factor characterizing rumen fermentation and a good indicator of the productivity of ruminants and dysbiosis of the rumen microbiome. 相似文献
50.
Masafumi SHIMIZU Norikazu FUJITA Yoshiko NAKAGAWA Tomio NISHIMURA Tamotsu FURUMAI Yasuhiro IGARASHI Hiroyasu ONAKA Ryuji YOSHIDA Hitoshi KUNOH 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(4):325-332
An endophytic actinomycete, Streptomyces sp. R-5, which had been isolated from a field-grown rhododendron plant, was used to protect rhododendron seedlings in tissue
culture from Pestalotia disease caused by Pestalotiopsis sydowiana. R-5 had intense antagonistic activity against P. sydowiana without adversely affecting the seedlings in glass flasks. A suspension of R-5 was spread on the surface of the multiplication
medium in glass flasks in which seedlings were growing. Ten days later, the 4th upper leaf of seedlings was inoculated with
P. sydowiana and incubated for 14 days. In controls untreated with R-5, substrate mycelia of P. sydowiana grew on all leaves and stems above and below the 4th leaf within 2–3 days of inoculation. Such growth resulted in the wilting
death of 54% of seedlings by 14 days. In contrast, only the inoculated leaves turned brown in ca. 90% of seedlings growing on medium treated with R-5. None of these seedlings died. Thus, treatment of the medium surface
with R-5 efficiently protects the seedlings from infection by P. sydowiana. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that substrate mycelia of R-5 grew on and beneath the cuticle of leaves of the treated
seedlings. Fluorescent microscopy showed that R-5 was also inside the leaves.
Received 8 June 2001/ Accepted in revised form 4 July 2001 相似文献