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排序方式: 共有336条查询结果,搜索用时 171 毫秒
81.
Kazuki TAKAHASHI Yasuyuki KANEKO Akiko SHIBANAI Shushi YAMAMOTO Ayana KATAGIRI Tatsuyuki OSUGA Yoshiyuki INOUE Kohei KURODA Mika TANABE Tamaki OKABAYASHI Kiyokazu NAGANOBU Isao MINOBE Akatsuki SAITO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(5):648
The hepatitis B virus (Hepadnaviridae) induces chronic hepatitis and hepatic cancer in humans. A novel domestic cat hepadnavirus (DCH) was recently identified in several countries, however, the DCH infection status of cats in Japan is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the DCH infection rate of 139 cat samples collected in Japan. We identified one positive blood sample (0.78%) from a 17-year-old female cat with chronically elevated alanine aminotransferase. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the DCH strain identified in this study is genetically different from strains in other countries. Further investigations are required to elucidate the evolution of DCH and the impact of DCH infection on hepatic diseases in domestic cats. 相似文献
82.
Effect of sodium acetate on the adhesion to porcine gastric mucin in a Lactococcus lactis strain grown on fructose
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Hiromi Kimoto‐Nira Naoko Moriya Seishi Yamasaki Akio Takenaka Chise Suzuki 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(6):802-808
The association of lactic acid bacteria with mucosal surfaces plays important roles in the beneficial effects of these bacteria on human health, such as colonization of the gastrointestinal tract for pathogen antagonism. Previously, we found that the adhesion of Lactococcus lactis 7‐1 to porcine gastric mucin was higher with fructose than with lactose, galactose or xylose as the carbon source. In this study, we examined the effect of growth conditions on the adhesion of strain 7‐1 grown on fructose. Medium components affect the adhesion: the adhesion of strain 7‐1 grown with sodium acetate was higher than that without it. The enhancement of adhesion by sodium acetate was not observed under aerobic conditions. Cellular properties grown with or without sodium acetate were characterized: strain 7‐1 grown with sodium acetate had similar sugar contents, and different fatty acid composition to those grown without it. Strain 7‐1 grown with sodium acetate showed significantly lower cell yield and significantly higher hydrophobicity than those grown without it, which is associated with higher adhesion. Fructose and sodium acetate are frequently used in the food industry; this study may reveal a simple way to enhance the adhesion of lactic acid bacteria by growing them with these substances. 相似文献
83.
Aoyama M Negishi A Abe A Yokoyama R Ichimaru T Sugita S 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2008,177(1):116-123
This study investigated the effects of an intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) on physiological and behavioural responses in goats. In Experiment 1, saline (control) or saline plus 25 microg of ovine CRH was injected into the third ventricle of castrated male goats. CRH increased plasma cortisol (Cor) levels markedly within 15 min, but had little effect on plasma glucose (Glu). Compared with saline injected goats, CRH decreased the total duration of lying behaviour but increased its frequency, and suppressed rumination and self-grooming. In Experiment 2, the effects of an intravenous (IV) injection of human adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (1-24) (0.1mg) were examined and an IV injection of saline was used as control. ACTH increased plasma Cor levels markedly, but did not change any behaviour compared with controls. It was concluded that CRH mediated the response of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and behaviour following stress in goats, although the CRH-induced behavioural changes were independent of the HPA axis and seemed to be the result of direct action within the central nervous system. 相似文献
84.
A Double‐blind,Placebo‐controlled,Multicenter, Prospective,Randomized Study of Beraprost Sodium Treatment for Cats with Chronic Kidney Disease
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M. Takenaka A. Iio R. Sato T. Sakamoto H. Kurumatani the KT‐ Clinical Study Group 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2018,32(1):236-248
Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common progressive and irreversible disease in cats. The efficacy and safety of beraprost sodium (BPS) in cats with CKD have not been evaluated.Hypothesis/Objectives
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of BPS in the treatment of cats with CKD, as compared to placebo.Animals
Seventy‐four client‐owned cats with naturally occurring CKD.Methods
Double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, multicenter, prospective, randomized trial. The cats received BPS (55 μg/cat) or a placebo PO q12 h for 180 days. The primary endpoint was prospectively defined as a change in the serum creatinine (sCr), serum phosphorus‐to‐calcium ratio or urine specific gravity (USG).Results
The sCr increased significantly (P = 0.0030) in the placebo group (mean ± SD: 2.8 ± 0.7 to 3.2 ± 1.3 mg/dL) but not in the BPS group (2.4 ± 0.7 to 2.5 ± 0.7 mg/dL). The difference between the groups at day 180 was significant (0.8 mg/dL, 95% CI: 0.2 to 1.3 mg/dL, P = 0.0071). The serum phosphorus‐to‐calcium ratio was significantly (P = 0.0037) increased in the placebo group (0.46 ± 0.10 to 0.52 ± 0.21 mg/dL) but not in the BPS group (0.50 ± 0.08 to 0.51 ± 0.11 mg/dL). There was no significant change in the USG in either group. An adverse event judged as being treatment‐related included vomiting that occurred in 1 case in the placebo group. No clinically relevant change was observed in the CBC and other blood chemistry tests.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Beraprost sodium treatment was well tolerated and safe in cats with CKD. BPS inhibited the reduction in renal filtration function as measured by sCr increase. 相似文献85.
Osamu SASAKI Mitsuo AIHARA Koichi HAGIYA Akiko NISHIURA Kazuo ISHII Masahiro SATOH 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(2):95-102
The objective of this study was to confirm the stability of the genetic estimation of longevity of the Holstein population in Japan. Data on the first 10 lactation periods were obtained from the Livestock Improvement Association of Japan. Longevity was defined as the number of days from first calving until culling or censoring. DATA1 and DATA2 included the survival records for the periods 1991–2003 and 1991–2005, respectively. The proportional hazard model included the effects of the region-parity-lactation stage-milk yield class, age at first calving, the herd–year–season, and sire. The heritabilities on an original scale of DATA1 and DATA2 were 0.119 and 0.123, respectively. The estimated transmitting abilities (ETAs) of young sires in DATA1 may have been underestimated, but coefficient δ, which indicated the bias of genetic trend between DATA1 and DATA2, was not significant. The regression coefficient of ETAs between DATA1 and DATA2 was very close to 1. The proportional hazard model could steadily estimate the ETA for longevity of the sires in Japan. 相似文献
86.
Akiko Kubo Yoshiaki Yuguchi Makoto Takemasa Shiho Suzuki Hikaru Satoh Shinichi Kitamura 《Journal of Cereal Science》2008,48(1):92-97
Micro-beam X-ray diffraction analyses were carried out on slices from wild-type rice and mutants. The method permitted the crystalline structure to be analyzed with less destruction of cells and fewer artificial effects that occur during the purification of starch from tissue and provided information concerning the localization and crystalline structure of starches distributed in the endosperm. The starch on kernel slices from the wild-type and waxy mutant, carrying a defect for the Granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI) gene, displayed an A-type of diffraction pattern; no difference in the crystalline patterns between starches located in the inner and outer region in a kernel were observed. A double mutant of the waxy and amylose extender (ae) mutant carrying a defect for the Starch branching enzyme IIb gene accumulated amylose-free B-type starches. The kernel slice from the double mutant of waxy and sugary1, mutated on the Isoamylase I locus, displayed an A-type diffraction pattern in the outer region and was amorphous in the inner region. A chain-length distribution analysis of polyglucans in kernels from wild-type and mutants showed that ae amylopectin had more long chains and less short chains than the wild-type and waxy amylopectin. On the other hand, the water-soluble polysaccharide in the inner region of the sugary1 endosperm had more short chains than the amylopectin in the outer region counterparts. These results indicate that branch chain length in amylopectin is crucial in determining the formation of A- and B-type starches. 相似文献
87.
We exposed momi fir (Abies firma Sieb. et Zucc.) seedlings to simulated acid fog of pH 3.0 for about 3 years (from July 1999). During the last year of acid fog exposure, half of the seedlings were subjected to rhizosphere Al stress (complex stress) and the nutrient status of seedlings was determined. Chronic acid fog exposure decreased Fe and Zn concentrations in current-year and 1-year needles, and Al in 1-year needles, but had little effect on major element concentrations. Aluminum treatment had a broad impact on nutrient status in fine roots and needles. In fine roots, increases in Al and Cu concentrations and decreases in B, Mn, and Zn concentrations were observed. In 1-year needles, Al treatment increased Al, B, and Mn concentrations and decreased Cu concentration. The complex effect of acid fog with aluminum on nutrient status was relatively slight. These results show that changes in nutrient status under chronic acid fog exposure and/or Al stress are induced before the decline of photosynthesis in momi fir seedlings, mainly due to Al stress. 相似文献
88.
Akiko Nagasaka Yu Nagasaka Kinuko Ito Tsutomu Mano Masami Yamanaka Atushi Katayama Yoshikazu Sato Andrey L. Grankin Andrey I. Zdorikov Gennady A. Boronov 《Journal of Forest Research》2006,11(5):377-382
We examined the relationship between the annual escapement of salmon and the δ
15N of willow (Salix spp.) leaves to evaluate the contribution of marine-derived nutrients (MDN) to riparian vegetation around the Pacific Northwest
and Northeast regions. Foliar δ
15N values ranged from −3.42‰ to 4.65‰. The value increased with increasing density of carcasses up to 500 fish/km and 1500
fish/km. δ
15N values were variable at carcass densities below 500 fish/km. Possible factors affecting the fluctuation of δ
15N at reference sites are: (1) denitrification; (2) the presence of N2-fixing trees, such as alder; and (3) agricultural runoff. δ
15N values at the sites with carcass densities over 500 fish/km were consistently high, while a value of δ
15N below zero was observed at only one site (Rusha River; δ
15N = −1.87‰). At this site, most adult pink salmon returned to limited locations near the estuary because steeper channel gradients
acted as a migration barrier, resulting in the negative δ
15N value. Nevertheless, we concluded that our results showed evidence of the feedback of MDN to terrestrial vegetation, although
the use of the δ
15N value as a terrestrial end member at spawning sites is limited. If the relationship between the enrichment index, which
is expressed as the values using a mixing model, and salmon abundance was estimated, the availability of MDN in riparian ecosystems
could possibly be evaluated and will lead to the establishment of escapement goals.
An erratum to this article is available at . 相似文献
89.
This study examined the distribution of water-extractable Al in soils from forest sites near Nagoya in Aichi Prefecture. The
mean concentrations of water-extractable Al in surface soils varied markedly among sites, with the values at site FGB (126 mg/kg)
higher than those at sites FG (11.8 mg/kg) and FCB (33.8 mg/kg). Comparisons of the acid buffer capacity of vegetation at
the sites revealed that forest cover has a higher capacity for neutralization than the denuded state. We found that the effects
of acidic accumulation in the surface soils of suburban forests might depend on vegetation history, and that forest soils
that once had no vegetation cover accumulated labile Al due to acidification. The phenomenon was particularly distinct on
granite bedrock. 相似文献
90.