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101.
Takaharu Itami Hiroko Aida Makoto Asakawa Yoko Fujii Tomoya Iizuka Ayako Imai Toshie Iseri Tomohito Ishizuka Kei Kakishima Masatoshi Kamata Takako Miyabe-Nishiwaki Shotaro Nagahama Kiyokazu Naganobu Ryohei Nishimura Shozo Okano Tadashi Sano Kazuto Yamashita Yoshiki Yamaya Masashi Yanagawa 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(3):461-472
Objective
To explore the major risk factors linking preoperative characteristics and anaesthesia-related death in dogs in referral hospitals in Japan.Study design
Observational cohort study.Animals
From April 1, 2010 to March 31, 2011, 4323 dogs anaesthetized in 18 referral hospitals in Japan.Methods
Questionnaire forms were collated anonymously. Death occurring within 48 hours after extubation was considered as an anaesthesia-related death. Patient outcome (alive or dead) was set as the outcome variable. Preoperative general physical characteristics, complete blood cell counts, serum biochemical examinations and intraoperative complications were set as explanatory variables. The risk factors for anaesthesia-related death were evaluated using chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, followed by multivariable logistic regression analysis of the data. Significance was set at p < 0.05.Results
Thirteen dogs that died from surgical error or euthanasia were excluded from statistical analysis. The total mortality rate in this study was 0.65% [28/4310 dogs; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.41–0.89]. Furthermore, 75% (95% CI, 55.1–89.3) of anaesthesia-related deaths occurred in dogs with pre-existing diseases. Most of the deaths occurred postoperatively (23/28; 82.1%; 95% CI, 63.1–93.9). Preoperative serum glucose concentration <77 mg dL–1 (6/46; 13.0%; 95% CI, 4.9–26.3), disturbance of consciousness (6/50; 12.0%; 95% CI, 4.5–24.3), white cell count >15,200 μL–1 (16/499; 3.4%; 95% CI, 1.9–5.5) and American Society of Anesthesiologists grade III–V (19/1092; 1.7%; 95% CI, 1.1–2.7) were identified as risk factors for anaesthesia-related death. Intraoperative hypoxaemia (8/34; 23.5%; 95% CI, 10.7–41.2) and tachycardia (4/148; 2.7%; 95% CI, 0.7–6.8) were also risk factors for anaesthesia-related death.Conclusions and clinical relevance
The results revealed that certain preoperative characteristics were associated with increased odds of anaesthesia-related death, specifically low serum glucose concentration and disturbances of consciousness. Greater attention to correcting preanaesthetic patient abnormalities may reduce the risk of anaesthesia-related death. 相似文献102.
103.
Hisahiro Kojima Takako Numata Hiroyoshi Omokawa 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2010,98(3):359-369
The optically active urea compounds R- and S-1-α-methylbenzyl-3-p-tolylurea (R- and S-MBTU) have qualitatively different effects on plant physiology, especially in Gramineae plants. To elucidate the mechanisms by which S-MBTU inhibits root growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. Chinese Spring), we used PCR-based suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qPCR) analyses. Genes related to amino acid biosynthesis, cell cycle and skeleton, protein synthesis, cell wall biosynthesis, glycolysis, signaling, DNA modification, and detoxification were enantioselectively regulated. These expression profiles suggested that the putative mode of action of S-MBTU is disruption of primary amino acid biosynthesis, especially the glutamine synthetase (GS)- and acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS)-enzyme systems, and disruption of cell membrane skeleton homeostasis related to a putative α-tubulin 2 (α-TUB2), a putative β-actin (ACT) and β-tubulin 1 (β-TUB1). Other genes specifically affected by S-MBTU may result in disruption of metabolic processes, leading to inhibition of root growth. 相似文献
104.
Takako Suzuki Takamitsu Yoshii Shohei Fujita Hisanori Shimada Toru Takeuchi Norio Kondo 《Breeding Science》2013,63(3):353-357
Brown stem rot (BSR) caused by Cadophora gregata f. sp. adzukicola (syn. Phialophora gregata) is a serious soilborne disease of adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) in Japan. Cultivation of resistant cultivars is the most effective disease control method, therefore the selection of resistant lines is a priority for breeders. BSR-resistant adzuki bean lines have been screened in pathogen-infected fields. However, field selection using the pathogen and artificial inoculation methods is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In the present study, we used 105 F3 lines derived from a cross between a BSR-resistant cultivar ‘Syumari’ and a susceptible cultivar ‘Buchishoryukei-1’ for BSR inoculation tests. Amplified fragment-length polymorphism (AFLP) analyses with 1024 primer sets revealed that six fragments were polymorphic between resistance and susceptible bulked groups. Five DNA markers (Pg77, Pg118, Pg138, Pg139 and Pg126) were developed from the nucleotide sequences of polymorphic AFLP markers and their flanking regions. Pg118, which was derived from E-ACT/M-ACT-118, was tightly linked to the resistance gene Pga1 and was converted into a codominant marker for its easier use in marker-assisted selection for adzuki bean BSR resistance. Finally, the applicability of the developed markers for BSR resistance was tested on 32 adzuki bean accessions or cultivars. 相似文献
105.
106.
Murakoshi F Xiao L Matsubara R Sato R Kato Y Sasaki T Fukuda Y Tada C Nakai Y 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,187(1-2):123-128
Cattle are major hosts of Cryptosporidium spp. Cryptosporidiosis in neonatal calves is associated with retarded growth, weight loss and calf mortality, and zoonotic infections in humans. In many areas, cow-calf glazing system is an important beef cattle rearing method with distinct advantages in terms of cost and the labor required. However, few epidemiologic studies of Cryptosporidium spp. have been conducted in this system, especially using molecular diagnostic tools. To understand the transmission of Cryptosporidium spp. in a grazing system, we followed cryptosporidiosis on a grazing farm in Osaki City, Miyagi Prefecture, in northwest Japan for one year. Fecal samples were collected from Japanese Black and Japanese Shorthorn cattle and examined by PCR-RFLP and sequence analyses. Of 113 fecal samples collected in October 2010, 23 (20%) were positive for Cryptosporidium, including 15 samples (13%) having C. bovis, 6 (5%) having C. ryanae, and 2 (2%) having mixed infections of both species. Additionally, C. bovis or C. ryanae was detected on all other sampling dates involving smaller numbers of animals. The infection rate of C. bovis was significantly different among age groups, and calve-to-calve infection might be the major route of cryptosporidiosis transmission in beef cattle. Interestingly, one animal had C. bovis infection or re-infection for one year. Our results suggest that C. bovis and C. ryanae are distributed in Japan, but might have low level of detection in grazing beef cattle. 相似文献
107.
Miyama T Inokuma H Itamoto K Okuda M Verdida RA Xuan X 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(12):1371-1373
The clinical usefulness of antibodies against Babesia gibsoni detected by ELISA with recombinant P50 was examined in dogs in an area where B. gibsoni infection was endemic. Only 8 among 14 dogs with acute type B. gibsoni infection without a previous history of infection were positive. This high percentage of false-negative results is thought to be a weak point of ELISA as a diagnostic tool. However, 14 other anemic dogs with a confirmed history of B. gibsoni infection were all positive, thus confirming the higher sensitivity of ELISA in detecting a history of infection. 相似文献
108.
Yuri Fukui Moeko Saito Natsuno Nakamura Taichi Mizuno Shuichi Sato Mayu Tsukuda Saori Nakaoka Keita Tsuboi Azusa Sasaki Kouji Kuramochi Panida Boonyaritthongchai Nichapat Kaewmanee Krit Thirapanmethee Mullika Traidej Chomnawang Bhanubong Bongcheewin Thuy Linh Nguyen Huong Lan Thi Nguyen Huong Thi Le Shigehisa Okamoto Takako Nakamura Yasushi Nakamura Nakao Kubo 《Breeding Science》2022,72(2):181
Mentha is a complex genus encompassing many species as a consequence of their interspecific hybridization and polyploidy. Southeast Asian mints have been poorly distinguished though they are widely used for culinary and medical purposes. In this study, we have analyzed Southeast Asian mints and known varieties as well as a related Lamiaceae species (Nepeta sp.) using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and leaf morphology. Two types of mints were clearly distinguished based on their venation pattern and leaf shape index. We developed 12 SSR markers that allowed good amplification in the Mentha and another Lamiaceae species. In the SSR-based phylogram, the Mentha lines could be delimited into groups I–VI. The Southeast Asian mints divided into groups I and II, and the phylogram separated most of the available species, with groups I and II containing the known species M. × cordifolia and M. arvensis, respectively. The separation of the two groups was supported by a population structure analysis. The SSR markers developed in this study enabled the simultaneous classification of mints and will help improve our understanding of the genetic composition of known mint varieties and as yet unclassified Southeast Asian mints. 相似文献
109.
Saishu YOSHIDA Hideaki YURINO Masaaki KOBAYASHI Naoto NISHIMURA Kentaro YANO Ken FUJIWARA Shin-ichi HASHIMOTO Takako KATO Yukio KATO 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2022,68(3):225
Pituitary endocrine cells are supplied by Sox2-expressing stem/progenitor cells in the anterior lobe of the adult pituitary gland. These SOX2-positive cells are maintained in two types of microenvironments (niches): the marginal cell layer (MCL)-niche and the parenchymal-niche. Recently, we isolated dense SOX2-positive cell clusters from the parenchymal-niche by taking advantage of their resistance to protease treatment as parenchymal stem/progenitor cell (PS)-clusters. In the present study, by analyzing these isolated PS-clusters, we attempted to identify novel structural characteristics of pituitary stem/progenitor cell niches. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that tight junction-related genes were distinctly expressed in the isolated PS-clusters. Immunocytostaining showed that the tight junction molecules, ZO-1 and occludin, were localized in the apical membrane facing the pseudo-follicle-like structure of the isolated PS-clusters regardless of the expression of S100β, which distinguishes the sub-population of SOX2-positive cells. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry of the pituitary glands of adult rats clearly demonstrated that ZO-1 and occludin were densely present in the parenchymal-niche encircling the pseudo-follicle, while they were observed in the apical membrane in the MCL-niche facing the residual lumen. Collectively, these tight junction-related proteins might be involved in the architecture and maintenance of the plasticity of pituitary stem/progenitor cell niches. 相似文献
110.
Recent evidence strongly suggests that oxidative stress due to redox imbalance is causally associated with inflammatory processes and various diseases including diabetes. We examined the effects of proanthocyanidin from persimmon peel, using both oligomers and polymers, against oxidative stress with elucidation of the underlying mechanisms in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The elevation of lipid peroxidation in the kidney and serum under the diabetic condition was decreased by the administration of proanthocyanidin. The suppression of reactive oxygen species generation and elevation of the reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio were observed in the groups administered proanthocyanidin. These results support the protective role of proanthocyanidin from oxidative stress induced by diabetes. Moreover, proanthocyanidin, especially its oligomeric form, affected the inflammatory process with regulation of related protein expression, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and upstream regulators, nuclear factor kappaB, and inhibitor-binding protein kappaB-alpha. Proanthocyanidin ameliorated the diabetic condition by decreases of serum glucose, glycosylated protein, serum urea nitrogen, urinary protein, and renal advanced glycation endproducts. In particular, oligomeric proanthocyanidin exerted a stronger protective activity than the polymeric form. This suggests that the polymerization of proanthocyanidin has an effect on its protective effect against diabetes. The present study supports the beneficial effect of proanthocyanidin against diabetes and oxidative stress-related inflammatory processes. 相似文献