Comparisons of carcass traits,meat quality,and serum metabolome between Shaziling and Yorkshire pigs

This study aims to compare the meat quality of Shaziling and Yorkshire pigs and to find the potential indicator in serum for superior meat quality. Six Shaziling and Yorkshire pigs at 30, 60, 90, 150, 210, and300 d of age were selected to examine carcass traits, meat quality, and serum metabolome. The results showed that the body weight, carcass length, and loin eye area of Shaziling pigs at 150, 210, and 300 d of age were significantly lower than those of Yorkshire pigs (P <0.05). Shaziling ...     

Comparison of blood electrolyte and biochemical parameters between single infections of rotavirus and Cryptosporidium parvum in diarrheic Hanwoo calves

BackgroundNeonatal calf diarrhea is a major problem in the cattle industry worldwide. Rotavirus and Cryptosporidium parvum are the primary causative agents, especially during the first three weeks of the calf’s life.ObjectivesThis study investigated the differences in acid-base, electrolytes, and biochemical parameters of diarrheic calves with infection of either rotavirus or C. parvum.MethodsA total of 61 Korean native calves (≤ 20 days old) were divided into two groups based on rotavirus or C. parvum infections: rotavirus infection (n = 44) and C. parvum infection (n = 17). The calves with at a specific blood pH range (pH 6.92–7.25) were chosen for comparison. The acid-base, electrolyte, chemistry, and serum proteins were analyzed, Further, fecal examinations were performed.ResultsCompared to C. parvum-infected calves, the rotavirus-infected calves showed lower levels of total carbon dioxide, bicarbonate (HCO₃ ⁻), anion gap, total protein, and albumin/globulin ratio, and significantly lower levels of potassium, globulin, and α2-globulin (p < 0.05). The C. parvum-infected calves (r = 0.749) had stronger correlations between pH and HCO₃ ⁻ than the rotavirus-infected calves (r = 0.598). Compared to rotavirus-infected calves, strong correlations between globulin and α2-globulin, α2-globulin and haptoglobin were identified in C. parvum-infected calves.ConclusionsThis study is the first to investigate acid-base, electrolyte, and biochemical parameters in calves in response to infections of rotavirus and C. parvum. Although rotavirus and C. parvum cause malabsorptive and secretory diarrhea in similar-aged calves, blood parameters were different. This would help establish the diagnostic and treatment strategies.     

河西走廊永昌县农地流转行为及影响因素研究

为了社会的稳定和土地利用率的提高,国家出台了"三权分置"政策来促进土地流转.以永昌县为例,利用计量统计模型研究了农户农地流转行为及影响因素,以期为政府政策制定提供依据.研究结果表明:(1)样本区农地流转意愿强,农地流转率达79.61％;(2)户均农地流转规模较小,转出规模小于0.30 hm2的户数占78.14％,转入规...     

ZigBee技术在精准农业中的应用

介绍了ZigBee的基本概念、控制系统的网络结构、硬件结构、软件设计等,提出了ZigBee技术在精准农业中的应用及发展前景.     

云南红豆杉当年生枝条分枝特征与其综合表现的关系研究

为了解云南红豆杉当年生枝条分枝特征对其生物量性状和总体表现的影响,探讨药用原料林的当年生枝条分枝特征调控技术。采用主成分分析方法综合评价当年生枝条总体表现,通径分析当年生枝条的主枝枝径、主枝长、一级分枝枝径、一级分枝长、一级分枝数量等分枝特征与其叶生物量、总生物量、叶生物量比以及总体表现等因子间关系,研究其分枝特征调控重点与方向并验证。结果表明：云南红豆杉当年生枝条的系列分枝特征以及生物量性状均有着丰富的变异。当年生枝条的一级分枝数量和枝长对其叶生物量、总生物量,叶生物量比有着极显著性正向作用;当年生枝条的主枝枝径对其叶生物量、总生物量有极显著性正向作用;当年生枝条的主枝枝长对其叶生物量比有显著性负向作用;当年生枝条分枝特征对其生物量性状间的相对重要性以及起主导作用的分枝特征因子有所变化。促进当年生枝条叶生物量和总生物量,增大叶生物量比的分枝特征调控重点与方向明显不同,当年生枝条的一级分枝数量、枝长和主枝枝径对其总体表现有显著性正向作用,主枝长、一级分枝枝径对其总体表现直接作用不显著。药用原料林当年生枝条理想分枝特征如下,首先要有繁多的一级分枝数量,其次一级分枝要长,最后是主枝枝径要粗大。云南红豆杉药用原料林当年生新枝分枝特征的调控重点与方向是增大一级分枝数量。     

不同萌枝类型云南红豆杉幼树生长性状及其异速关系

调查分析了福建明溪4年生不同萌枝类型云南红豆杉幼树生长、性状相关性与综合指标值差异,了解萌枝类型幼树遗传变异规律;采用标准化主轴估计法分析其异速生长关系,揭示不同萌枝类型幼树的适应策略。结果表明：树干萌枝较无萌枝、树基萌枝类型显著增大幼树树高、地径,树干萌枝、树基萌枝较无萌枝类型显著增大冠幅、侧枝数和综合指标值。不同类型间幼树地径、树高与冠幅间相关性差异。无萌枝类型的地径与树高间异速生长指数均显著大于1,树基萌枝与树干萌枝类型则为等速生长;不同萌枝类型间冠幅与树高间异速生长指数均显著大于1。无萌枝与树基萌枝类型的侧枝数与树高间的异速生长指数均显著大于1,树干萌枝类型为等速生长;无萌枝较树干、树基萌枝类型显著增大侧枝数与树高间异速生长指数。不同萌枝类型间的地径与树高、冠幅与树高间具有共同异速生长指数,分别为1.150、1.658;不同萌枝类型既存在着等速生长又存在着异速生长现象。幼树生长、性状相关性在不同萌枝类型间差异显著,存在着丰富遗传变异。异速生长关系在不同萌枝类型间并不唯一,反应着不同类型幼树生长与适应策略。建议采用树基萌枝与树干萌枝类型发展紫杉烷原料林。     

蝴蝶兰不同品种表型性状遗传多样性分析

以72份蝴蝶兰品种为研究对象,对其叶片、花梗和花器官相关的34个表型性状进行测定与评价,通过表型多样性分析、聚类分析和主成分分析等方法,探讨其种质资源表型性状的遗传多样性。结果表明：72份蝴蝶兰品种的绝大多数性状呈现变异丰富、类型多样的特性,数量性状遗传多样性变异范围为16.39%～157.36%,质量性状Shannon−Wiener多样性指数范围为0.38～1.32,其中叶片的数量性状变异程度较低,但其质量性状的多样性水平较高;R型聚类分析将34个性状分为3个大类,第I类群包含了花部和叶部性状,表明花与叶的表型联系较紧密,第II类群和第III类群包含花序长、最长叶长、植株大小和花序梗长,表明这4个表型性状呈独自进化关系; Q型聚类分析将72份蝴蝶兰种质资源分为4大类,其中第II类可细分为7个亚类群,II−1、II−2亚类群可作为大花和中花育种的亲本,II−3、II−4、II−5和II−7亚类群可作为小花育种的亲本,II−4亚类群可作为香花育种的亲本,同时蝴蝶兰‘JB5342’‘JB5184’‘JB5541’‘JB3697’‘安娜’和‘JB5725’等品种与多数供试蝴蝶兰品种遗传距离较远,可作为重要亲本参考。主成分分析表明,花宽、花瓣长、花瓣宽、萼片长、花长和萼片宽的特征向量绝对值较高,是造成蝴蝶兰表型变异的主要因素。     

Isolation and Characterization of Efficient Active Compounds Using High-Performance Centrifugal Partition Chromatography (CPC) from Anti-Inflammatory Activity Fraction of Ecklonia maxima in South Africa

Ecklonia maxima is a brown seaweed, which is abundantly distributed in South Africa. This study investigated an efficient approach using high-performance centrifugal partition chromatography (HPCPC), which has been successfully developed for the isolation and purification of phlorotannins, eckmaxol, and dieckol from the ethyl acetate fraction of E. maxima (EEM). We evaluated EEM for its inhibitory effect against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in zebrafish embryos. The separation of eckmaxol and dieckol from samples of EEM using HPCPC was found to be of high purity and yield under an optimal solvent system composed of n-hexane:ethyl acetate:methanol:water (2:7:3:7, v/v/v/v). To evaluate the anti-inflammatory efficacy of EEM containing active compounds, zebrafish embryos exposed to LPS were compared with and without EEM treatment for nitric oxide (NO) production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and cell death two days after fertilization. These evaluations indicate that EEM alleviated inflammation by inhibiting cell death, ROS, and NO generation induced by LPS treatment. According to these results, eckmaxol and dieckol isolated from brown seaweed E. maxima could be considered effective anti-inflammatory agents as pharmaceutical and functional food ingredients.     

车用生物燃气工程范例余热定量评估及可利用性分析

针对车用生物燃气工程能耗高、余热利用率低的问题,该文以国内4个典型工程为基础,构建了产气规模为1万m3/d的示例工程,并对其进行余热分析。分析结果显示,此类工程用能量大,占总产能的30.01%～36.44%;余热利用率低,只有部分贫液余热得以回收;系统余热主要由脱碳塔顶气余热、脱碳贫液余热、压缩机余热、沼液余热和锅炉尾气余热5部分组成,其多为低品位余热、量大稳定。余热计算表明,在最冷月和最热月系统余热潜力分别为5.87×104、4.79×104 MJ/d,最大节能潜力分别为74.81%和73.92%,节能潜力降序排列为沼液余热>贫液余热>塔顶气余热>压缩机余热>锅炉余热。余热可利用性分析认为工程余热可利用性较高,回收价值较大。     

经济作物替代薯稻三熟制早稻对肥料利用、土壤养分和经济效益的影响

为缩短"薯-稻-稻"三熟制作物早稻的生育期,促进"薯-稻-稻"茬口顺畅衔接,提高整体经济效益,本研究以不同经济作物替代早稻,分别在2016年惠东县和2017年白云区试点进行田间试验,共设置5个处理:休耕T₀(空白对照,不种任何作物)、常规处理T_CK(早稻)、T₁(黄瓜)、T₂(豆角)、T₃(甜玉米),探究不同春播经济作物生育期、产量、种植效益和肥料效率及土壤酶活的差异。结果表明,种植黄瓜、豆角和甜玉米替代早稻均可明显增加经济效益和缩短生育期。其中,T₃效果最优,与T_CK相比,单位面积种植效益增加了1.32～3.72元·m^-2,生育期缩短了37～43 d,收获指数提高了18.6%～20.1%;同时,增加了土壤有效磷和速效钾含量,增强了土壤脲酶、磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶的活性。综上,甜玉米等经济作物代替早稻形成的"经济作物-中晚稻-冬种马铃薯"三熟轮作模式可以使作物茬口衔接更加顺畅,提升三季作物的整体经济效益,对农民增收具...