不同土壤管理方式下梨园土壤微生物分布和数量差异研究

研究了生草栽培、清耕及种养(鸡或鹅)结合等土壤管理模式下梨园土壤主要微生物类群(细菌、真菌、放线菌)分布和数量.结果表明:0～20 cm土层土壤微生物数量明显高于20～40 cm土层,细菌数量明显多于放线菌,放线菌数量又明显多于真菌;生草梨园土壤真菌和放线菌多于养鸡的梨园,土壤细菌两者无差异;与梨园清耕相比,养鹅可提高土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌数量.     

香芋复合饮料的研制

为了确定香芋复合饮料的最佳配方,以香芋、干花和大米等为原料,通过打浆、加热研磨等
工艺,加上后期调配获得最终产品。通过正交试验以及对饮料的综合感官评价和理化分析,得到了最佳的
配方。结果如下：当香芋添加量为100 g,水的添加量为1 100 mL 时,蜂蜜和柠檬汁的添加量分别为9%
和0.07%;粳米（晚粳宁88）添加量为10 g;干茉莉花的添加量为2 g;牛奶和枸杞的添加量分别为5 mL
和1 g。该产品具有茉莉花和牛奶的清香和乳香,口感细腻,为淡乳黄色液体,具有营养保健功效。     

SODm叶面肥在甜菜上的应用效果

试验探讨了甜菜施用SODm叶面肥对其产量和含糖率的影响,试验结果表明：苗期喷施SODm叶面肥可以促进甜菜生长发育,提高甜菜含糖率,增产作用明显,经济效益显著,含糖率提高0.6度,块根增产13.6%。     

加工番茄光合日变化及影响因子的研究

用Li-6400和同化箱对加工番茄G-2单叶和群体光合日变化进行测定并对输出数据加以研究分析.结果表明:G-2光合日变化曲线呈双峰型并具有"午睡"现象;与日变化显著相关的影响因子有气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率和大气CO2浓度,最主要的影响因子是气孔导度,气孔导度大净光合速率就高,可为田间栽培和高光效育种提供理论依据.     

Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid induces apoptosis of HepG2 cells by endoplasmic reticulum stress apoptotic pathway

AIM: To investigate the effect of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) on the proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells and to explore its possible mechanism. METHODS: HepG2 cells were treated with SAHA at different concentrations for 48 h. The proliferation of HepG2 cells was detected by real-time cellular analysis. The protein levels of acetylated histones H3K9 and H3K27, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and p-PERK were determined by Western blot. The cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Compared with control group, treatment with SAHA at 0.1 μmol/L and 1 μmol/L for 48 h showed no significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HepG2 cells, while SAHA at 6 μmol/L and 12 μmol/L significantly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells (P<0.05). The results of Western blot showed that the protein levels of acH3K9, acH3K27, GRP78 and p-PERK increased significantly after treated with SAHA at diffe-rent concentrations for 48 h, while the protein level of PERK was decreased significantly (P<0.05). The results of flow cytometry analysis showed that the apoptotic rates of the HepG2 cells increased with the increase in SAHA concentration. CONCLUSION: SAHA up-regulates the acetylation of H3K9 and H3K27 in the HepG2 cells and induces apoptosis of HepG2 cells by activating the endoplasmic reticulum stress-related apoptosis pathway.     

SIRT1 promotes autophagy of pancreatic cancer cells induced by hypoxia via regulating FOXO1/RAB7 signaling pathway

AIM: To investigate the effect of SIRT1 on the autophagy of pancreatic cancer cells under hypoxia condition, and to analyze the underlying mechanism of regulating FOXO1/RAB7 signaling pathway. METHODS: Western blot and immunofluorescence methods were used to determine the expression of SIRT1 in the pancreatic cancer cells. The small interfering RNA targeting SIRT1 and SIRT1 over-expression plasmid were transfected into the pancreatic cancer Panc-1 cells. Confocal microscopy was used to detect the LC3 expression. Western blot was used to analyze the protein levels of LC3, p62 and FOXO1/RAB7 signaling pathway-related molecules. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to detected the protein interaction between SIRT1 and FOXO1. RESULTS: The expression level of SIRT1 in the nucleus of Panc-1 cells was increased under hypoxia condition. Compared with negative control under hypoxia condition, knock-down of SIRT1 expression attenuated the autophagy flux in the pancreatic cancer Panc-1 cells (P<0.05). Over-expression of SIRT1 increased the protein levels of FOXO1 and RAB7. On the contrary, knock-down of SIRT1 expression inhibited the protein levels of FOXO1 and RAB7. The protein interaction between SIRT1 and FOXO1 in the pancreatic cancer cells was observed. CONCLUSION: SIRT1 in pancreatic cancer Panc-1 cells under hypoxia condition is over-expressed in the nucleus. Down-regulation of SIRT1 inhibits autophagy and its mechanism may be related to FOXO1/RAB7 signaling pathway.     

苹果实时荧光定量PCR分析中内参基因的筛选

【目的】为筛选苹果实时荧光定量PCR实验中最适内参基因,【方法】应用实时荧光定量PCR技术,分析5个传统内参基因18SrRNA、ACTB、GAPDH、UBQ、TUB在苹果不同基因型、不同组织、果实不同发育时期的mRNA表达差异情况。供试的6个不同基因型苹果分别为:新疆野生苹果、八棱海棠、丽江山荆子、‘津轻’、‘国庆’、‘金冠’;6种不同组织为果皮、果肉、叶片、愈伤组织、花瓣、种子;5个果实发育不同时期为花后28、50、74、95、115 d。【结果】经geNorm程序分析发现5种内参基因的表达稳定性各异,UBQ在果实不同基因型和不同发育时期的基因表达分析中最稳定;ACTB和UBQ在6种不同组织中表达均稳定。【结论】UBQ在参试样品中表达均比较稳定,是研究苹果基因表达分析中理想的内参基因。     

大白菜软腐病新病原菌Pectobacterium aroidearum的鉴定及其生物学特性

细菌性软腐病是大白菜生产上主要发生病害之一,其病原菌通常为胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp.carotovorum(Pcc)。从北京房山区大白菜软腐病样中分离获得一株菌株KC20,其在LB固体培养基上的菌落呈圆形、乳白色、半透明、表面光滑且边缘整齐,在半选择性培养基CVP上产生典型的杯状凹陷。致病性测定结果表明,该菌株侵染引发的大白菜软腐症状与田间大白菜软腐自然发病症状相同。利用果胶杆菌属特异引物Y1/Y2可扩增出预期大小为434 bp的目的片段;ITS-PCR和ITS-PCR-RFLP结果发现,KC20与P.carotovorum菌株带型均不相同。KC20的16S rDNA基因完整序列与已报道的标准菌株P.aroidearum SCRI 109T(JN600323)的相应序列相似性高达99%以上;该序列系统发育关系分析表明,KC20与已报道的P.aroidearum菌株聚集,并形成了明显的P.aroidearum类群,基于pmrA基因序列和基于果胶杆菌8个看家基因(acnA、icd、gapA、mdh、mtlD、pgi、proA和rpoS)的MLSA-多位点序列分析进一步支持了这一结果。以上结果表明,引发北京地区大白菜软腐病的病原菌株KC20为果胶杆菌P.aroidearum。人工接种条件下,KC20还可侵染马蹄莲、虎眼万年青、马铃薯、鳄梨、西葫芦、胡萝卜、生菜和芹菜等植物;该菌株具备在37℃以及含有7%NaCl培养基中生长的能力,能液化明胶;可利用棉籽糖、纤维素二糖、蜜二糖,不能利用异麦芽酮糖、D-麦芽糖、D-阿拉伯糖、D-山梨醇、菊糖等。大白菜软腐病新病原菌Pectobacterium aroidearum的发现加深了我们对该病害的了解,为该病害的有效防治提供了参考。     

基于模糊几何加权模型的灌区水资源优化配置

针对农业水资源优化配置中多目标赋权的不确定性问题,以黑龙江省绰尔屯灌区为研究区域,构建了基于模糊几何加权法的灌区水资源优化配置模型,把多目标规划问题转化为单目标非线性问题,得到了不同权重下不同生育期的灌区水资源最佳配置方案,并通过灌区综合能力评价体系进行比选.结果表明：通过与线性多目标模糊规划模型的对比,模糊几何加权模型可以根据实际情况对不同目标的权重进行调整,得出该条件下的灌区水资源最佳配置方案;当灌水量权重为0.3和经济权重为0.7时为最优方案,水稻产值为8 245万元,分蘖期、拔节期、抽穗期、乳熟期的灌水量分别为1 154.56万、779.12万、539.45万、336.57万m³.验证了模糊几何加权法在灌区水资源优化配置的可行性应用,为灌区农业水资源高效利用提供参考方案和决策支持.     

农民合作经济组织的基层调查及发展对策研究——衡水市桃城区农民合作经济组织案例调查

对衡水市桃城区农民合作经济组织的案例进行了调查分析,发现基层农业合作经济组织和农民经纪人队伍存在的问题,并且提出了农民合作经济组织的发展对策。