国内外农产品物流模式对比

农产品物流模式已成为决定我国农业经济整体水平的重要因素，我国农产品物流发展缓慢始终是我国农业可持续发展的瓶颈。当前在国际市场上已经形成了3种典型的农产品物流模式，其成功的管理模式与经验都值得我国借鉴与学习。该文主要分析国内外农产品物流模式，针对我国当前国情，建议建立起中国式的农产品物流组织。      

Dietary Lipid Levels Affect the Growth Performance,Lipid Deposition,and Antioxidative Capacity of Juvenile Scaleless Carp,Gymnocypris przewalskii,on the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau

A 56‐d growth trial was conducted to evaluate the growth performance, lipid deposition, and antioxidative capacity of juvenile scaleless carp, Gymnocypris przewalskii, on Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau. One‐year‐old juveniles (initial weight: 15.99 ± 0.02 g) were fed practical diets with different lipid levels of 4, 5.5, 7, 8.5, and 10%, respectively. Results showed that the best specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion rate, and total antioxidative capacity (T‐AOC) in hepatopancreas were observed in fish fed the diet with 7% lipid level. Fish fed with high lipid diets (8.5 and 10%) had significantly higher condition factor and viscerosomatic index as well as lipid in muscle, intestine, mesenteric fat tissue, and whole body. Highest level of hepatopancreas lipase and lipoprotein lipases activities as well as malondialdehyde content and the lowest level of feed intake and T‐AOC content in hepatopancreas and intestine were also observed in fish fed with high lipid diets (8.5 and 10%) (P < 0.05). In conclusion, based on SGR and hepatopancreas T‐AOC content, dietary lipid requirement of juvenile G. przewalskii was estimated to be 7.35 and 7.39%, respectively.     

屠宰生猪的心，肝，肺检验初探

宰后检验是整个肉品卫生检验工作中的重要环节，是宰前检疫的继续和补充。“四部”制定的《肉品卫生检验试行规程》和国家国内贸易局制定的《肉品品质检验规程》都明确规定必须进行心、肝、肺检验，它是宰后检验的重要组成部分和主要着眼点之一。这些卖质器官的检验可以作为我们综合判检的主要依据。另外，我国广大人民群众比较喜食内脏器官，这更要求我们对心、肝、肺进行严格的检验，防止食肉中毒，防止畜禽疫病传播，防止人畜共患传染病。１　心脏ｌ．１心脏检验　四部规程规定“检查心包及心肌并沿动脉管剖检心室及心内膜，同时注意血液…     

氨基酸铁在大鼠小肠中的吸收及组织中沉积研究

本试验用50日龄Wistar纯系雄性大鼠,采用体内原位结扎肠段灌注技术和放射性同位素示踪技术,研究了氯基酸螯合铁(以赖氨酸螯合铁和甘氨酸螯合铁为代表)的吸收特点。试验中观察了向结扎肠段灌注含不同形态铁的吸收液后,不同时间点(5、15、30、60、90、120分钟)血液中59Fe比放射性的动态变化;120分钟(试验结束)时不同组织器官中59Fe的放射性大小和总铁含量以及主要血液学指标的变化。试验结果表明:①赖氨酸和甘氨酸都能促进大鼠对铁的吸收。②与相应摩尔浓度的氨基酸与氯化亚铁的混合物相比,赖氨酸螯合铁和甘氨酸螯合铁能更有效地被大鼠吸收。综合分析本试验结果认为,氨基酸螯合铁都是一种优秀的铁添加剂。从本试验结果看,放射性同位素示踪技术结合结扎十二指肠段灌注技术不失为一种研究动物对微量元素吸收情况的理想试验手段。     

安定和鹿安宁对应激梅花鹿某些血液指标的影响

将 30头试验鹿随机分为 3组 ,Ⅰ组为对照组 ,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组为试验组 ,分别在日粮中添加 5 0mg/kg安定和 10 0IU/kg鹿安宁。观测保定—锯茸应激状态下 ,梅花鹿血液白细胞的数量和组成、血浆总糖皮质激素、皮质醇浓度及淋巴细胞糖皮质激素受体含量的变化。结果表明 ,安定和鹿安宁均可显著提高应激鹿血液白细胞总数 (P <0 0 1) ,鹿安宁可使之趋于正常 (P >0 0 5 ) ;安定和鹿安宁均可显著提高应激鹿血液中淋巴细胞百分率 (P <0 0 1) ,降低N/L值 (P <0 0 1)。安定和鹿安宁可显著降低应激鹿血浆总糖皮质激素、皮质醇浓度 ,提高应激鹿血液淋巴细胞糖皮质激素受体含量 (P <0 0 1)。综合比较 ,鹿安宁的作用效果较安定好     

高美施对平菇母种生长发育的影响

本试验是在ＰＤＡ培养丛中，添加不同浓度的高美施微肥，通过两个供试菌株的对比试验，选出了适宜各菌抹的最佳高美施生长浓度，结果，不同苗株在不同浓反的高美施培养基中的在现不一致。因此．在制种工作中，要根据平菇不同品种的特征特性来确定其最佳生长的营养条件。高美施在平菇母种制种技术上的应用在国内属首次报道。     

黑杨无性系日CO2固定总量的测定及与苗木生产潜势的相关性研究

通过对不同基因型黑杨无性系植株净光合速率日变化曲线与光合主体叶面积在时间和光强上进行累计积分来计算植株日CO2固定总量P。由于净光合速率日变化曲线不易准确测得，故以光响应曲线和光强的日变化来推测净光合速率日变化。对P值和生物量的相关性研究表明，二者的相关性很高。且认为可以用计算出的P值作为评估苗木生产潜势的指标之一，这为育种中生产力的早期选择提供了有力的证据。     

椰糠对黄瓜穴盘苗生长发育的影响

将草炭、椰糠、蛭石按不同比例配制育苗基质,探讨椰糠对黄瓜秧苗生长发育的影响。结果表明,椰糠具有较好的保水性,酸碱度适合于作为穴盘育苗基质,出苗情况较好,秧苗质量高,证明椰糠是一种良好的园艺栽培基质。     

Effects of FK506 on anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis in rats

AIM:To investigate the effects of FK506 on anti-glomerular basement membrane(GBM) nephritis in rats. METHODS: Anti-GBM nephritis model was elaborated by rabbit anti-rat GBM antibody injection in SD rats in this study. The rats were divided into three groups: FK506 treated group(0.5 mg·kg^-1·d^-1, sc), untreated nephritis control group and normal control group. FK506 was administered daily six hours after injection of anti-GBM IgG. All the rats were observed urinary protein at the 4th day, the 14th day and the 21st day. At the same time, the kidney specimens were collected, and T cell transforming function was also monitored.RESULTS:Rats injected with rabbit anti-GBM Ab developed heavy proteinuria by 4 days, and serum creatinine and serum urea appeared which kept on the rising. Glmerular hypercellularity, crescents, and protein casts were observed in nephritic rats. By electron microscopy, the thickening of GBM and loss of foot processes were seen. T cell transforming function was higher than normal. But, all pathological changes obviously turned for the better in FK506 treated group. CONCLUSION:FK506 could inhibit the progression of rat anti-GBM nephritis.     

黄牛血糖测定三种不同方法的比较研究

选择10～36月龄的役用母黄牛5头。用邻甲苯胺(o-TB)法、葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)法和福-吴(Folin-Wu)二氏法进行血糖含量的测定。结果分别是:3.76±0.29mmoL/L、3.73±0.21mmoL/L和3.71±0.24mmoL/L。经统计分析,三种不同方法测定血糖的结果差异不显著(P>0.05),其中以邻甲苯胺法较为理想,它具有所需试剂种类少、测定时间短和操作简单的优点。建议以其作为黄牛血糖测定的首选方法。