伊维菌素和吡喹酮复方注射液在绵羊体内的药代动力学

本文对自制伊维菌素(IVM)和吡喹酮(PZQ)复方制剂在绵羊体内的药代动力学进行了研究,试验将18只绵羊随机分为3组,A组肌肉注射自制复方制剂;B组皮下注射市售单方IVM注射液;C组口服市售单方PZQ片剂,其中伊维菌素的给药剂量均为0.2 mg/kg体重,A组PZQ的剂量为30 mg/kg体重,C组PZQ剂量为100 mg/kg体重.试验结果显示,肌肉注射自制复方制剂中IVM的各项药代动力学参数与单方对照药物相比均无显著差异;尽管复方制剂PZQ的剂量约为单方对照品的1/3,但两者的AUC值相似,复方制剂中PZQ的达峰时间比单方对照品快约6倍,T1/2beta长约3倍,维持有效血药浓度时间长达24 h,结果说明,自制复方制剂中IVM的生物利用度与单方对照药物相似,吡喹酮的生物利用度与单方对照药物相比有显著提高,且具有起效快、疗效长的特点.     

鸡干扰素-γ基因的克隆及其重组表达载体的构建

鸡干扰素-γ(ChIFN-γ)是由鸡体或培养的鸡体细胞在干扰素诱生剂作用下所产生的一类非特异性的功能调节蛋白,具有明显的抗病毒、抗肿瘤、调节机体免疫功能等多种活性.为了拓展ChIFN-γ的抗病毒图谱,探讨基因工程干扰素在家禽养殖业中的应用前景,研究采用可以同时进行原核和真核表达的pQE trisystem系统进行ChIFN-γ的表达,旨在弥补传统干扰素制备方法的缺陷,为安全、高效制备重组ChIFN-γ奠定基础.     

A cluster of two psittacosis cases among women farmers exposed to Chlamydia psittaci-infected domestic poultry in Zhejiang Province,China

A cluster of Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci) cases was reported in Zhejiang Province, China, 2019. This study evaluates the extent of the outbreak and determines the source of infection. Real-time PCR and sequencing of the ompA gene of C. psittaci were performed to identify the cases, the domesticated poultry and close contacts. The index patient was a 76-year-old woman with chronic vertigo, and Case 2 was a 64-year-old female farmer with herpes zoster. Both women bought psittaci-infected chickens or ducks from the same mobile street vendor and raised them for 10 days and 23 days before fever onset. There were no direct contact between the two women. C. psittaci test was positive for the two patients, one sick chicken, three healthy ducks and the vendor's chicken cage. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all seven C. psittaci positive samples carried identical ompA genotype A of C. psittaci. Of all of the patients' 148 close contacts, none tested positive for C. psittaci, or developed acute respiratory symptoms. Both patients were discharged after a 4-week hospital stay. In conclusion, the source of this cluster was the poultry infected with C. psittaci, which occasionally cause infections in farmers, but inter-human transmission seems unlikely.     

行比对不同豆禾间作模式产量与品质的影响

豆禾间作是有效提高土地利用率的方式,有利于缓解江淮地区草地面积不足的情况。本研究在2017-2018年,通过对五个播种比例下的金花菜（Medicago polymorpha L.）+燕麦（Avena sativa L.）间作与箭筈豌豆（Vicia sativa L.）+燕麦间作进行比较;通过其产量及营养价值等数据评价其优劣。结果表明,箭筈豌豆与燕麦比例3.3：8的间作具有最高总干草产量,为1 595.72 g·m^-2。金花菜与燕麦比例6.6：4的间作具有最高的土地当量比和土地利用率,分别为1.36和132.58%,且总干草产量第二。竞争力指数表明金花菜的种群竞争力要高于箭筈豌豆。在营养价值方面,金花菜+燕麦间作更具优势;燕麦与金花菜间作后的粗蛋白含量达到13.88%~14.09%,高于箭筈豌豆间作中的13.19%~13.44%。综合来看,两种间作模式各有优劣,以燕麦产量为导向时,箭筈豌豆+燕麦比例为6.6：4和3.3：8的间作模式更优;而若是只考虑最高的土地利用率,则金花菜+燕麦比例为6.6：4的间作模式更优。     

Quantitative CT assessment of bone mineral density in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism

Canine hyperadrenocorticism (HAC) is one of the most common causes of general osteopenia. In this study, quantitative computed tomography (QCT) was used to compare the bone mineral densities (BMD) between 39 normal dogs and 8 dogs with HAC (6 pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism [PDH]; pituitary dependent hyperadrenocorticism, 2 adrenal hyperadrenocorticism [ADH]; adrenal dependent hyperadrenocorticism) diagnosed through hormonal assay. A computed tomogaraphy scan of the 12th thoracic to 7th lumbar vertebra was performed and the region of interest was drawn in each trabecular and cortical bone. Mean Hounsfield unit values were converted to equivalent BMD with bone-density phantom by linear regression analysis. The converted mean trabecular BMDs were significantly lower than those of normal dogs. ADH dogs showed significantly lower BMDs at cortical bone than normal dogs. Mean trabecular BMDs of dogs with PDH using QCT were significantly lower than those of normal dogs, and both mean trabecular and cortical BMDs in dogs with ADH were significantly lower than those of normal dogs. Taken together, these findings indicate that QCT is useful to assess BMD in dogs with HAC.     

乳酸恩诺沙星可溶性粉在鸡体内的药动学研究

24只苏禽黄羽肉鸡随机分成2组,分别按10 mg/kg体重剂量静注和内服乳酸恩诺沙星。测定乳酸恩诺沙星在鸡体内的药动学参数和生物利用度。恩诺沙星血药浓度数据用3p87计算机软件处理。静注乳酸恩诺沙星后的血药浓度-时间数据符合二室开放模型,主要动力学参数:t1/2α(0.45±0.16)h,t1/2β(7.02±1.42)h,CL(s)(0.38±0.10)L/kg/h,AUC(23.69±5.56)(mg/L)×h。内服乳酸恩诺沙星的血药浓度时间数据,符合有吸收因素二室模型,主要动力学参数:t1/2ka(0.60±0.01)h,t1/2ke(8.25±1.73)h,tpeak(2.44±0.17)h,Cmax(1.44±0.30)mg/L,AUC(20.74±3.80)(mg/L)×h,F 87.54%。结果表明,乳酸恩诺沙星可溶性粉在鸡体内具有吸收快、分布广、消除较慢以及内服生物利用度高的药动学特征。     

Advances on Detection Methods for Residues of Nitrofurans in Food

Nitrofurans are broad-spectrum antibiotics which have been widely used in food animals to the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal infections.Due to abuse of drugs by criminals,animals could produce drug-resistant strains,which reduces the role of antibiotics.Meanwhile,excessive drugs residues in food has carcinogenic,teratogenic and mutagenic effects to the human body.In this paper,the damage and the detection methods of the residues of the nitrofurans in food are surveyed.The main detection methods include high performance liquid chromatography,liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry,enzyme-linked immunoassay,colloidal gold immunoassay and fluorescence immunity analysis method.The research status of various detection methods are summarized and the suggestions for further research are put forward.It is expected to provide reference for future research.     

山羊经济性状候选基因研究进展

通过对山羊经济性状候选基因和山羊经济性状的常用分子标记方法的研究,提出了小羊经济性状候选基因的研究意义,以亟利用这些信息选育产肉香、产毛好、产奶多的优良山羊新品种。