猪雄性生殖干细胞的分离培养及鉴定

本试验旨在探索猪雄性生殖干细胞(mGSCs)体外分离、培养的适宜条件,建立猪雄性生殖干细胞体外培养体系。采用两步酶消化法对新生小猪睾丸生殖干细胞进行了体外分离和初步的培养鉴定,并利用层黏连蛋白和明胶的不同贴壁特性,比较2种差易贴壁分选方法的富集效果,并对传代后的干细胞培养1周后进行碱性磷酸酶染色鉴定,通过免疫荧光技术检测培养细胞是否表达干细胞标志蛋白OCT-4。试验结果表明,层黏连蛋白更适用于猪生殖干细胞的富集、培养,细胞分选效率及增殖生长明显优于采用明胶分选的方法。培养的mGSCs拥有与小鼠mGSCs相同的形态、增殖及表达特征。鉴定结果显示,生长细胞克隆碱性磷酸酶染色呈阳性,支持细胞碱性磷酸酶染色呈阴性;培养的生殖干细胞克隆表达转录蛋白OCT-4,而饲养层支持细胞OCT-4抗体染色则呈阴性。结果表明培养的干细胞克隆仍保持较好的干细胞活性,保持正常的自我复制和分化潜能,初步建立了生殖干细胞培养体系。     

干旱灌区次生盐渍化土壤红花配方施肥研究

在干旱次生盐渍化土壤条件下,采用“3414”配方施肥方案,研究了氮、磷、钾配施对红花产量构成因子的影响。结果表明,配方施肥对红花株高、分枝高、单株花球数、花冠和籽粒产量均有显著影响,其中以配施N 180 kg/hm²、P 90 kg/hm²、K 120 kg/hm²的处理N₂ P₂ K₂红花花冠和籽粒产量最高。分别对红花花冠产量和红花籽粒产量与氮、磷、钾肥料的相关性进行回归分析,均达到显著水平。在干旱灌区次生盐渍化土壤上,红花花冠理论最高产量为667.98 kg/hm²,最佳施肥量为N 150.59 kg/hm²、P₂O₅ 93.09 kg/hm²、K₂O 98.75 kg/hm²;红花籽粒理论最高产量为2 644.47 kg/hm²,最佳施肥量为N 169.50 kg/hm²、P₂O₅ 94.60 kg/hm²、K₂O 102.75 kg/hm²。     

不同稻秸基质处理对高羊茅无土草皮成坪天数及坪用价值的影响

 运用五因素二次正交旋转组合设计法,研究不同处理稻秸基质（处理Ⅰ：稻秸＋ 猪粪便＋ 秸秆腐熟剂;处理Ⅱ：稻秸＋猪粪便;处理Ⅲ：稻秸＋ 尿素＋ 秸秆腐熟剂;处理Ⅳ：稻秸＋ 尿素）和不同基质厚度（１０,１５,２０,２５ 和３０ｍｍ）对草皮成坪天数的影响。结果表明,对成坪天数影响最大的是处理Ⅰ基质,其次是基质厚度,再者是处理Ⅲ基质,其他２种基质对成坪天数的影响最小。在坪用价值为限定条件下,得出最优基质组合,其配比为处理Ⅰ 为６００ｇ,处理Ⅱ为６００ｇ,处理Ⅲ 为０ｇ,处理Ⅳ 为６００ｇ,基质厚度为２０ ｍｍ,成坪时间为３６．３３ｄ,坪用价值权重值为１０８．６１。     

谷子RNA干扰相关酶类基因家族的鉴定与分析

Dicers酶类、Argonautes蛋白以及RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶(RNA-dependent RNA polymerases,RDRs)是RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi)机制中重要的核心蛋白,但在谷子(Setaria italica)中尚无系统报道.为了研究谷子中与RNA干扰相关酶类基因的特征,本研究对谷子的RNA干扰相关酶类基因家族进行了蛋白质理化性质、亚细胞定位预测、蛋白质保守基序、基因保守结构域、基因家族成员间系统发育关系以及组织特异性表达谱分析.研究共发现24个与谷子RNA干扰相关酶类基因,包括7个DCL(Dicers),13个AGO(Argonautes),4个RDRs.系统进化树分析表明,这些家族被分为3个进化支.同一家族基因成员具有共同的保守结构域.虽然大多数基因可同时在不同发育时期的叶、茎和穗中表达,但其在各时期的穗和茎中的表达量最高.本研究为详细探讨这些基因在谷子生殖和生长发育中的表观遗传修饰作用提供了理论依据.     

Genetic components of heat stress in finishing pigs: development of a heat load function

The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of heat stress during the life of a pig on its final weight, as a first step toward a genetic evaluation for heat tolerance. Data included carcass weights of 23,556 crossbred pigs [Duroc x (Landrace x Large White)] raised on 2 farms in North Carolina and slaughtered from May 2005 through December 2006. Weather data were available from a nearby weather station. Lifetime of a pig was assumed to be partitioned into 2 periods. During an initial period, the effect of heat stress was assumed to be negligible or compensated for later. During the second period ending in slaughtering, the ADG was assumed to be affected linearly by heat load. Weekly heat load was calculated as degrees of average temperature-humidity index in excess of a threshold (18 degrees C). The total heat load (H) was the sum of weekly heat loads during the second period. During the months of January to May H was 0; H reached a peak in September. The final BW during the peak of heat stress decreased about 6 kg compared with BW during months of non-heat stress. Weekly and monthly averages of carcass weight generally moved similarly to H. However, there were large fluctuations unrelated to H; the fluctuations were different on the 2 farms. The model included the effects of farm-year of slaughter, sex, age at slaughter, and H, where age at slaughter and H were linear regressions. In analyses, the threshold was varied from 16 to 20 degrees C, and the second period was varied from 8 to 16 wk. The greatest R(2) (10.4%) was at the threshold of temperature-humidity index = 18 degrees C for a period of 10 wk. Varying the threshold and the length of time reduced R(2) less than 1%. Least squares means of year-month and year-week of carcass weight were calculated using a model with the fixed effects farm-year-month or farm-year-week of slaughter, sex, and age at slaughter (linear covariate), and the random effect of birth litter. Changes in BW of finisher pigs due to heat stress can be quantified by H during the last 10 wk of the life of the pig.     

生长激素轴的组成及其对奶牛泌乳的调控

奶牛泌乳主要受到以生长激素为核心的生长激素轴的调控,其调控原理错综复杂,鉴于此,在前人研究的基础上结合生长激素轴的组成及特点对其调控机制进行简单综述,以期対生长激素的泌乳调控有较深入的了解。     

社会转型时期加强中国共产党政党文化建设的思考

政党文化是指政党在长期的政治实践中形成和发展起来的,为全体党员普遍认同和共同遵循的政党意识和观念。作为一个自成体系的政治组织,中国共产党有自己的政党文化系统。社会转型是当前中国共产党政党文化建设的宏观生态。社会转型往往会出现认同、信仰、整合等危机。因此,社会转型时期,中国共产党合乎逻辑的选择是大力加强自身文化建设。     

浅谈《草原管理学》课程的发展历史与教学改革实践

介绍了畜牧业发达国家的《草原管理学》课程的起源与发展,对我国草业科学专业及《草原管理学》的发展历程进行了回顾,并对当前的发展现状进行了分析,提出课程改革应与时俱进的观点。高等教育的目的就是要培养符合国家及社会发展需要的复合型人才。结合沈阳农业大学草业科学系《草原管理学》课程的建设、改革与发展的实例,充分说明了通过与时俱进的课程内容和授课手段的教学研究与改革,对于培养适应时代发展需要的高素质草业人才具有重要的意义。     

添加亚油酸条件下不同剂量硝酸钠对水牛瘤胃体外发酵脂肪酸组成及相关微生物数量的影响

为了探究添加亚油酸条件下不同剂量硝酸钠对水牛瘤胃体外发酵脂肪酸组成及相关微生物数量的影响,本试验选用3头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的母水牛,以精粗比40:60为底物进行瘤胃液体外发酵试验.试验组硝酸钠的浓度分别为1、2、3 mg·mL-1,对照组不加硝酸钠,每组均添加0.25 mg·mL-1的亚油酸,每组各5个重复.在体外培养...     

高寒牧区栽培毛苕子多次刈割生产性能研究

对毛苕子不同刈割时间与次数的生产性能进行了对对比,发现其生产能力有很大差别,试验证明,在高寒牧区栽培毛苕子,在整个生育期内刈割２次可获得最高产草量,一茬草与二葜最佳刈割期分别为初花期和结荚初期。