短期禁牧对天山北坡蒿类荒漠群落特征及其稳定性的影响

本研究以天山北坡蒿类荒漠为研究对象,采用野外调查取样的方法,探讨不同区域荒漠围栏内外群落特征和物种多样性对禁牧的响应规律,分析禁牧对生态系统稳定性的影响。结果表明,1)禁牧能改变荒漠植被功能群结构,禁牧后不同生态经济类群群落盖度和生物量分别上升40.2%~57.0%和44.4%~81.0%;2)荒漠群落物种多样性指数对短期禁牧的响应较小,但从区域上看,玛纳斯荒漠放牧区Patrick丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数比博乐和奇台显著高16.7%~20.0%,而禁牧区Simpson优势度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数高了8.6%~17.7%;3)短期禁牧有利于荒漠群落稳定性的维持,且稳定性可能与禁牧年限和生态环境的变化均有一定的关系。因此,短期禁牧能显著提高荒漠草地生产力,有利于群落物种多样性和群落稳定性的维持。     

Influence of recombinant duck follistatin protein on embryonic muscle development and gene expressions

Follistatin (FST) acts as a positive regulator of muscle development by inhibiting the activities and expression of myostatin. The recombinant duck FST protein was injected into hatching eggs and was also added to the medium of duck myoblast to study its role on duck embryonic muscle development and gene expressions. Duck embryo weight increased 3.49% (p > 0.05) in FST treatment group as compared with control group, but minor effects were found on leg or breast muscle weights of ducklings at 2 days post‐hatching (p > 0.05). Relative expression of Pax7 was upregulated in both leg and breast muscle tissues (p < 0.05), while MyoD was only upregulated in leg muscle (p < 0.05), and Myf5 was only upregulated in breast muscle (p < 0.05). Relative expression of myostatin was downregulated in both muscle tissues researched (p < 0.05). In vitro studies also showed some maker genes relevant to protein synthesis and degradation, cells’ proliferation and differentiation had significant changes in myoblasts after treated with FST. These results suggested that in ovo feeding of recombinant FST protein to duck hatching eggs had an effect on duck embryo development but have less roles on the duck embryonic muscle development.     

鹦鹉热衣原体荧光环介导等温扩增（LAMP）检测方法的建立

鹦鹉热衣原体(Chlamydia psittaci)是一种人兽共患病原体,能引起自然疫源性衣原体病,目前广泛分布于世界各地。本研究应用环介导等温扩增技术(LAMP),针对鹦鹉热衣原体23S RNA基因序列设计引物,并进行筛选以及敏感性和特异性试验,建立了鹦鹉热衣原体恒温荧光扩增方法。该方法在63℃恒温条件下1 h内即可显示结果,操作简单、快速,特异性强,灵敏度可达100拷贝/μL,且与流产衣原体、动物布鲁氏菌、牛结核分枝杆菌、沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌无交叉反应;用国产仪器可直接通过检测荧光信号判读结果,既增强了准确性,也避免了开盖污染产生假阳性;应用建立的LAMP方法对实验室保存的临床DNA样品进行检测,发现检测结果与QPCR相同。该方法的建立弥补了传统检测技术的不足,为实现鹦鹉热衣原体的现场快速诊断提供了技术支持。     

Effects of Wnt10b on dermal papilla cells via the canonical Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway in the Angora rabbit

Wnt10b is a member of Wnt family that plays a variety of roles in biological functions, including those in the development of hair follicles. To investigate the effect of Wnt10b on hair growth in the Angora rabbit and to determine the underlying molecular mechanism, we cultured dermal papilla (DP) cells with exogenous Wnt10b in vitro. We observed the expressions of downstream critical gene β‐catenin and lymphoid enhancer‐binding factor 1 (LEF1) in Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. The levels of β‐catenin mRNA and protein were higher in the Wnt10b group of DP cells than in the Control group, and the mRNA level of LEF1 in the Wnt10b group was higher than in the Control group. Moreover, translocation of β‐catenin from cytoplasm to nucleus was activated in the Wnt10b group. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of the hair follicle‐regulatory genes, insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and the protein activity of ALP was also upregulated in the Wnt10b group compared to their corresponding levels in the Control group. These data suggest that Wnt10b could activate the canonical Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway to induce DP cells in the Angora rabbit. In addition, the proliferation of DP cells was significantly promoted when cultured with Wnt10b for 48 and 72 hr, suggesting that Wnt10b plays a pivotal role in the proliferation and maintenance of DP cells in vitro. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that Wnt10b may promote hair follicle growth in Angora rabbit through the canonical Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway that promotes the proliferation of DP cells.     

兔绿脓假单胞菌性肺炎的诊断与防治

本文报道近年来我省某试验养兔场兔群中流行一种生前以呼吸困难、口鼻出现血样分泌物症状,死后剖检以肺组织变性坏死为特征的疫情,经临床观察、实验诊断、病理剖检和病理组织学检查、流行病学调查及动物致病性实验研究,鉴定为绿脓假单胞菌(Ps.aeruginosa)引起的肺炎,该病特点传染快、死亡率高。通过流行病学调查,探索该病发病流行规律,为防治本病提供科学依据。     

返滴定法测定蜂胶中游离酸含量

建立测定蜂胶品中游离酸含量的方法.采用弱碱溶解蜂胶再酸化萃取的方法纯化样品,用返滴法测定,以水杨酸作为对照品检测样品中游离酸含量.结果测定了5个不同产地的蜂胶样品,游离酸含量在1.89～6.54%范围内,回收率为99.30%.本方法操作简单,重现性好,有助于蜂胶质量的鉴别.     

不同遮荫强度对草地早熟禾草坪质量的影响

为研究不同遮荫强度对新建草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis)草坪生长状况的影响,于2009年5月1日-11月6日进行试验,共设计自然光照、轻度遮荫、中度遮荫和重度遮荫4种不同遮荫强度,对干旱胁迫下草地早熟禾的生长速率、草坪质量、草屑重量、叶色值、电导率和地下生物量等形态指标和生理指标进行观察测定。结果表明,在少雨时节中度遮荫的草坪质量较高,多雨时节则轻度遮荫的草坪质量较好;适度遮荫下草坪草的生长正常,叶色较好,电导率较小,草坪质量较高。因此,可以利用适度遮荫,减少夏季高温与干旱对草地早熟禾草坪的伤害,改善草坪质量。     

规模养猪引起环境污染的防制对策

规模养猪场对外界环境污染物主要是粪尿污物及其产生的有害气体,为减少它们对周围环境的水、土壤、空气造成污染的程度,避免成为畜禽传染病、寄生虫病和人畜共患疾病的传染源,养猪场应采取一切行之有效的措施,加强和实施对生产污物的治理措施,在提高产量的同时,注重对环境的保护,减轻畜牧业生产活动对环境的危害,以促进养猪业经济效益、社会效益、生态效益的协调发展。