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11.
Uemeson José dos Santos Gustavo Pereira Duda Marise Conceição Marques José Romualdo de Sousa Lima Eduardo Soares de Souza 《Arid Land Research and Management》2019,33(3):255-273
Caatinga is a Brazilian dry ecosystem that occupies around 1 million km2 and is one of the largest tropical dry forests of the world. About 46% of the area that was originally covered has been deforested. Land use can cause pronounced reduction in soil carbon stocks that play a major role in the global carbon cycle. The objective of this study was to improve our understanding of the effect of land use on oxidizable carbon fractions, total carbon stocks and humic substances in different layers of soil in a Brazilian semi-arid region. We analyzed soils from tropical dry forest (TDF), forest succession with Anadenanthera falcata (ANA), with Tabebuia alba (TAB), secondary scrubby regeneration (SCR), and non-irrigated maize (MS). Forests showed larger fractions of more labile carbon, except for TDF. The most recalcitrant fraction of carbon stock, humin fraction stock, with the different land use decreased by 38–53% compared to TDF. Oxidizable carbon fractions, carbon stocks, and humic fraction stocks were able to differentiate the successional land uses and agricultural cover from TDF, mainly in the 0–5?cm layer. Our results show that changes in land use, especially with ANA forest succession, showed a larger labile carbon fraction, indicating easy decomposition and loss. Our results provide an alternative tool for the management of deforested areas in tropical dry caatinga ecosystems. This would contribute to the conservation of dry forest systems and could serve as guideline for sustainable management of agriculturally impacted caatinga areas. 相似文献
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Canada N Meireles CS Rocha A Sousa S Thompson G Dubey JP Romand S Thulliez P Correia da Costa JM 《Veterinary parasitology》2002,110(1-2):11-15
Neospora caninum was isolated from the brain of an aborted 4-month-old fetus from a dairy cow herd with endemic neosporosis in Porto, Portugal. The fetal brain homogenate was inoculated interperitoneally first into outbred Swiss Webster mice given dexamethasone and then the peritoneal exudates from these mice was co-inoculated with mouse sarcoma cells in the peritoneal cavity of mice given dexamethasone. N. caninum tachyzoites were seen in peritoneal exudate of the second passage. Tachyzoites from the peritoneal exudate reacted positively with anti-N. caninum antibodies and not with anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and contained N. caninum specific DNA. This Portuguese isolate of N. caninum has been successfully maintained in cell culture. The dam of the aborted fetus had an antibody titer of 1:10240 in the Neospora agglutination test (NAT). Antibodies to N. caninum were found in 76 of 106 cows from this herd in titers of 1:40 in 31, 1:80 in 22, > or =1:160 or more in 23 in the Neospora agglutination test. This is the first isolation of a viable N. caninum-like parasite from any host in Portugal. 相似文献
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Fabrício de Oliveira Reis Eliemar Campostrini Elias Fernandes de Sousa Marcelo Gabetto e Silva 《Scientia Horticulturae》2006
In papaya plants a study to quantify the water flow through the trunk is important for to promote a good water management in commercial orchard. The objective was to study the relationship between water flow through the trunk and temperature measurements determined by probes inserted in the papaya plant stem in laboratory. In addition, was possible to study the relationship between sap flow and instantaneous gas exchange in field conditions. We constructed an instrument that maintained a stable water flux through a 0.30 m stem section with a constant pressure, simulating the xylem sap flow through the stem. Water flux was adjusted by varying pressure of water in the stem section. The mathematical model used to fit the relation between K (Granier heat coefficient) values and sap flow density was the exponential model: u = 0.5511 × K1.9104. Field studies was conducted in a commercial orchard located in North of the State of Rio de Janeiro, with 12 plants in October 2002, and eight plants in January 2003. We verified that instantaneous transpiration, measured by a portable system of gas exchange (porometry), presented a good (R2 = 0.75) positive relationship with xylem sap flow. Estimates of papaya sap flow can be obtained by scaling portable photosynthesis system measurements with exposed leaves, however the relationship is non-linear in higher instantaneous transpiration rates. The causes of the non-linear relationship in higher transpiration are discussed. In addition, was possible to obtain a good (R2 = 0.76) relationship between net photosynthesis rate and xylem sap flow in papaya field-grown. 相似文献
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Sousa Larissa Nascimento Batista Samira Pereira Silva Samara Santos da Silva Rômulo Fylipe Sarmento Wlysse Ferreira Mota Rinaldo Aparecido Brasil Arthur Willian Lima Amaku Marcos Feitosa Thais Ferreira Vilela Vinícius Longo Ribeiro 《Veterinary research communications》2022,46(2):507-515
Veterinary Research Communications - This study aimed to describe the transmission of T. gondii in naturally infected goats in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil, through evaluating the... 相似文献
17.
Quercus suber L. is an important species producing cork whose wood characteristics have not been investigated a lot. Cork oak wood vessels
are a striking feature and the most abundant wood tissue largely influencing density and permeability. Vessel size and distribution
were studied in approximately 40 year-old and never debarked cork oaks by continuously measuring along the radial direction
in the transverse section of wood discs taken at 1.3 m of height using image analysis techniques. The vessel size increases
with age from 7660 ± 2286 to 21136 ± 6119 μm2, the conductive area from 5.4 ± 2.2 to 11.6 ± 3.9%, and the vessel density remains approximately constant between 5.2 ± 1.5
and 7.3 ± 3.5 vessels/mm2. In comparison with ring-porous and some evergreen oaks, cork oaks show a similar conductive area but smaller vessels. Vessel
architecture is known to play an important role on oaks tolerance to hydric stress, and these cork oak trees were growing
under very harsh edaphoclimatic conditions, not tolerated by other oaks. The well-developed and deep root system allowing
access to constant water supply may contribute to the cork oak’s relatively high conductive area. 相似文献
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de Brito ES de Araújo MC Alves RE Carkeet C Clevidence BA Novotny JA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(23):9389-9394
Many tropical fruits are rich in anthocyanins, though limited information is available about the characterization and quantification of these anthocyanins. The identification and quantification of anthocyanin pigments in four tropical fruits were determined by HPLC-MS/MS. Fruits studied included acerola (Malphigia emarginata), jussara (Euterpe edulis), jambol?o (Syzygium cumini), and guajiru (Chrysobalanus icaco). All four fruits were found to contain anthocyanin pigments. Anthocyanidin backbones included cyanidin, delphinidin, peonidin, pelargonidin, petunidin, and malvidin. Guajiru contained several acylated forms, while acerola, jussara, and jambol?o contained only nonacylated glycosides. These results demonstrate that these tropical fruits are rich in anthocyanins and that the anthocyanins are widely ranging in anthocyanidin backbone, glycosylation, and acylation. 相似文献