利用候选区域的多模型跟踪算法

跟踪过程中发生的尺度变化、形变、遮挡是导致模型漂移的重要原因。为了克服模型漂移对鲁棒跟踪的影响,本文提出了一种利用多判别式模型和候选区域的跟踪算法。首先,该算法采用候选区域替代传统的滑动采样,适应跟踪过程中目标的位移和尺度变化。接下来,为了提高目标的表征能力,先用预训练网络提取整幅图片的深度特征,再通过感兴趣区域采样层(ROI pooling layer)快速提取每一个候选区域的深度特征,进一步提高跟踪算法的鲁棒性。最后,运用多模型选择机制进行回撤过去错误的模型更新,并通过调整搜索区域实现对目标的重检测,有效抑制了模型漂移对鲁棒跟踪的影响。实验中,本文算法与相关算法在OTB 2013数据库和UAV 20L数据库上进行了对比。结果表明,本文算法在精确度与成功率上均取得了最优性能,并能有效抑制模型漂移对鲁棒跟踪的影响。     

Effect of calcium silicate on nutrient use of lowland rice and greenhouse gas emission from a paddy soil under alternating wetting and drying

In intensively irrigated rice cultivation, plant-available silicon (Si) is a crucial nutrient for improving rice productivity. As a source of Si, calcium silicate (CaSiO₃) was amended to evaluate the effect of silicate fertilizer on rice production, nitrogen (N) use efficiency, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission under alternating wetting and drying in a pot experiment using a tropical soil from a paddy field of the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in the Philippines. Four levels of CaSiO₃ amendment, 0, 112.7, 224.5, and 445.8 kg ha^-1, with the recommended N rate were tested. The results showed that although CaSiO₃ amendment of 112.7 kg ha^-1 resulted in higher rice straw, improved N use efficiency, and reduced N₂O emission, there was no difference in grain yield among the four levels of CaSiO₃ amendment owing to relatively lower harvest index. Moreover, CaSiO₃ amendment showed a reverse trend between CH₄ and N₂O emissions as it reduced N₂O emission while led to significantly increased CH₄ emission and global warming potential. Thus, CaSiO₃ amendment was a possible alternative to improve N use efficiency and increase rice straw biomass, but it needs to be reviewed in line with grain yield production and GHG emission. It is also imperative to test an optimal method of silicate fertilizer amendment in future research in order to compromise a negative impact in tropical soils.     

基因型和环境对玉米籽粒粗蛋白及赖氨酸含量的影响

以河南省生产上主要推广的15个玉米品种为材料,于2004-2005年在8个不同的环境条件下进行了2年多点试验,研究基因型和环境对玉米粗蛋白和赖氨酸含量的影响。结果表明:基因型、环境以及基因型与环境的互作效应对玉米粗蛋白和赖氨酸含量均有显著影响,独立效应大于互作效应,在独立效应中,基因型效应大于环境效应;HE-1、HE-2、豫单101和豫单2002粗蛋白含量高于11%,赖氨酸含量高于0.35%,是较理想的高蛋白、高赖氨酸优质专用的玉米品种;郑州、南阳和洛阳比较适宜种植高蛋白、高赖氨酸优质专用玉米。     

Investigation on the Production Performance of gE Antibody Positive Sows in Pig Farms Infected with Wild Type Pseudorabies Virus

Pseudorabies (PR) is caused by the Pseudorabies virus (PRV). It is an acute and hot highly contagious disease infecting livestock and a wide range of wild animals. In order to investigate the relationship between latent infection of Pseudorabies virus and sow production performance,this study collected production parameters of first-parity sows with wild virus gE positive and negtive in a Pseudorabies positive stable intensive farm, including total litter size, healthy litter size, weak litter size, stillbirths, mummified fetus, litter weight, number of weaning live, number of weaning qualified and weaning weight. And compared the production performance of PRV gE antibody negative and positive sows in the same intensive pig farm. The study showed that each PRV gE antibody negative sow could produce 11.96 live piglets per parity. Additionally, PRV gE antibody negative sow could provide more alive, weaning and weaning qualified piglets per parity than infection sows, which were 0.63, 0.18 and 0.28, respectively. Although the average birth weight and average weaning weight of piglets produced by PRV gE antibody positive sows were higher than those produced by negative sows, the weaning qualified rate of antibody negative sows was higher than that of antibody positive sows, indicating that the weaning live piglets produced by antibody negative sows had higher uniformity. In summary, the production performance of PRV gE antibody positive sows was lower than that of the negative sows. Eradication of PR can bring higher profit to the pig farm. Pig farm should actively eradicate the PR.     

Liposarcomas in dogs: 56 cases (1989-2000)

OBJECTIVE: To determine the biological behavior of liposarcomas in dogs and identify clinical signs, the effect of treatment on survival time, and potential prognostic factors. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 56 dogs with histologically confirmed liposarcoma. PROCEDURE: Information was obtained on signalment, tumor size, location of the tumor, stage of disease, remission duration, overall survival time, cause of death, type of surgery (incisional biopsy, marginal excision, or wide excision), and any additional treatments given. RESULTS: Surgery consisted of incisional biopsy in 6 dogs, marginal excision in 34, and wide excision in 16. Twenty-five dogs had histologic evidence of tumor cells at the surgical margins and 28 did not (status of the margins was unknown in 3 dogs). Twelve of 43 dogs had local recurrence. Median survival time was 694 days, and the only factor significantly associated with survival time was type of surgery performed. Median survival times were 1,188, 649, and 183 days, respectively, for dogs that underwent wide excision, marginal excision, and incisional biopsy. Factors that were not found to be significantly associated with survival time included tumor size, status of the margins, tumor location, and histologic subtype. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that in dogs, liposarcomas are locally invasive neoplasms that rarely metastasize and occur primarily in appendicular or axial locations and that wide excision is preferred to marginal excision when feasible.     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)协同感染细菌性疾病的分析研究

为了解湖北某养殖场猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV）流行毒株的遗传变异和临床感染情况,试验采集10份疑似PRRS发病仔猪的肺脏、淋巴结等临床样品,应用RT-PCR方法扩增PRRSV的Nsp2部分基因用于定性检测分析,并对扩增的其中2份PRRSV阳性样品进行ORF5基因核苷酸序列测定,结合不同疫苗毒株开展同源性比对分析。为进一步揭示病因,通过多重PCR方法对10份发病猪的肺脏和12份鼻拭子样品进行了相关致病菌的鉴定,并对其中的2株不同病原菌开展药敏试验。结果显示,10份临床样品中有5份检测到美洲型变异PRRSV,病原阳性率为50%。ORF5全基因序列分析表明,2个流行毒株间的核苷酸同源性为99.7%,与以TJM-F92、JXA1-R、HuN4-F112等为代表的高致病性致弱疫苗毒株核苷酸同源性最高,为96.7%~97.0%;与美洲型标准毒株VR2332的同源性分别为87.6%和87.9%;与国内较早分离的经典毒株（CH-1R和R98株）的核苷酸同源性分别为92.9%和87.4%、87.7%。患病猪临床常见感染模式为PRRSV+PM+SS、PRRSV+PM或PRRSV+HPS,2株主要致病菌药敏试验表明,多杀性巴氏杆菌对头孢曲松、阿莫西林等药物高度敏感,猪链球菌对阿莫西林、氨苄西林、阿奇霉素等药物高度敏感。本研究揭示了该场保育猪的发病病原,并从分子水平明确了临床PRRSV与不同疫苗毒株的亲缘关系,为弱毒疫苗的合理选择使用和综合防控PRRS提供了实践依据。     

玉米光周期敏感性的遗传特性及相关基因的研究进展

引进来源于多样性中心的热带、亚热带玉米种质是解决我国玉米种质资源狭窄的有效途径。光周期敏感性是热带、亚热带玉米种质在温带地区应用的主要障碍。对光周期敏感性的遗传特点和相关基因的定位及克隆研究方面取得的成果进行了综述,结合模式植物拟南芥和水稻光周期敏感性研究方面的进展,对玉米光周期敏感性研究的发展趋势进行了展望。     

玉米株型性状QTLs作图群体分析

玉米紧凑株型对于提高种植密度,增加单位面积产量,满足玉米生产发展的需求具有重要的意义。试验以株型紧凑和松散的优良玉米自交系豫82、豫87-1为亲本,组配和构建F_2∶3家系,以其作为株型性状QTLs定位与分析的作图群体。通过对株型6个相关性状,株高、穗位高、叶长、叶宽、叶夹角、叶向值在郑州、三亚两个地点的研究表明,亲本自交系在株型性状上存在显著差异,其后代F_2∶3家系间存在显著差异,各株型性状均呈连续变异、正态分布,说明所选材料适合作为QTLs定位与分析的作图群体。     

玉米Hd6-like基因植物表达载体的构建及其功能分析

利用已克隆的玉米Hd 6-like基因构建植物过量表达栽体PBI-Hd 6,将Hd 6-like插入带有启动子CaMV 35 S和终止子nos的PBI 121中间载体中,经过酶切鉴定表明,目的基因已正确地插入该栽体中.利用根癌农杆菌侵染花序法侵染拟南芥,将Hd 6-like基因转入拟南芥,获得转基因Hd 6-ox植株,经PCR检测表明,该基因已整合到拟南芥的基因组中.转基因Hd 6-ox植株的花期推迟了24 d左右.     

Cytological lymph node evaluation in dogs with mast cell tumours: association with grade and survival*

The purpose of this retrospective cohort study is to describe the association of cytological assessment of lymph node metastasis with survival and tumour grade in dogs with mast cell tumours. Regional lymph node aspirates of 152 dogs diagnosed with a mast cell tumour were reviewed and classified according to specific cytological criteria for staging. 97 dogs (63.8%) had stage I tumours, and 55 (36.2%) had stage II tumours. Stage II dogs had a significantly shorter survival time than dogs with stage I disease (0.8 and 6.2 years, respectively; P < 0.0001). Dogs with grade III mast cell tumours were more likely to have stage II disease (P = 0.004). These results suggest that cytological evaluation of lymph nodes in dogs with mast cell tumours provides useful and valuable clinical information, and the results correlate with tumour grade and outcome thus providing a practical and non‐invasive method for staging.