低钾胁迫对水稻苗期矿质营养吸收和植物激素含量的影响

以水稻（Oryza sativa L.）受体N27（对照）和来源于N27的耐低钾基因型水稻N18和N19为材料。采用溶液培养技术研究了低钾胁迫对其苗期矿质营养吸收和叶片植物激素含量的影响。结果表明,在低钾胁迫下,水稻幼苗吸钾效率和钾利用效率以及植株钾转运率降低,但N18、N19的降低幅度小于N27。同时,低钾胁迫下N18和N19与N27相比具有较强吸收和运输钠、磷、镁、铁和钙的能力。低钾胁迫使水稻叶片IAA、GA1和ZR的含量以及IAA/ABA、ZR/ABA和GA1/ABA比值均降低,N18、N19的降低幅度小于N27,且具有较高的IAA、GA1和ZR的含量以及IAA/ABA、ZR/ABA和GA1/ABA比值;低钾胁迫下N18、N19叶ABA的含量增加幅度小于N27。水稻耐低钾特性与其矿质营养吸收能力和植物激素水平或植物激素间比例关系有关。     

丝光绿蝇幼虫血淋巴中抗菌物质的抑菌活性

观察丝光绿蝇(Lucilia sericata)三龄幼虫经针刺体壁诱导48 h后的血淋巴在不同pH琼脂平板上对溶壁微球菌(Micrococcus lysodeiktic us)和金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)的抑菌效果,以及经不同pH缓冲液处理后对溶壁微球菌的抑菌效果.结果表明,丝光绿蝇幼虫经针刺诱导后48 h的血淋巴在pH 6.0、6.5的琼脂平板上对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌环较大较清晰,随pH增加抑菌环直径减小.在piH 6.0时,对溶壁微球菌的抑菌环直径最大,随pH增加抑菌环直径减小.用pH 6.0的缓冲液稀释处理血淋巴时,对溶壁微球菌的抑菌环最大,用pH 9.0缓冲液稀释后对溶壁微球菌的抑菌环最小.说明丝光绿蝇幼虫经针刺体壁诱导产生的抗菌物质在酸性条件下比在碱性条件下具有更强的抑菌活性.     

引江济淮安徽段水污染物总量控制及水环境保护

在对引江济淮规划区的概况、现状水质、现状污染源进行调查的基础上,进行了规划年2020年污染源预测。根据调水线路水质目标,选用合适的模型,以流域为单元,断面水质达标为目标,计算了引江济淮规划区各流域的纳污容量。在此基础上,制订了区域内的污染物总量控制方案,提出合理的水环境保护措施,确保引江济淮污染物削减目标可达,水质安全。     

钙对蕹菜产量及生理生化指标的影响

采用水培方法,研究了不同钙离子浓度对蕹菜产量及生理生化的影响.结果表明:随着钙离子浓度的增加,蕹菜产量相应增加,当超过蕹菜生长所需的临界值时,其产量随着钙离子浓度的增加反而降低,钙离子浓度为80mg/L时,黑子蕹产量最高,达197.47 g.随着钙离子浓度的增加,3个品种蕹菜中超氧化物歧化酶活性和过氧化氢酶的活性都呈现先升高后下降的趋势,在0～80 mg/L钙离子范围内,2种酶活性随着钙离子浓度的增加而升高,在80～200 mg/L范围内,2种酶活性都随着钙离子浓度的增加而降低.相同钙离子浓度处理,3个品种中黑子蕹的净光合速率最高.     

Early Tumor Response to Intraarterial or Intravenous Administration of Carboplatin to Treat Naturally Occurring Lower Urinary Tract Carcinoma in Dogs

Background

Survival times and tumor responses associated with malignant neoplasia of the lower urinary tract are poor despite the vast array of current treatments. Therefore, the evaluation of alternative treatments, such as intraarterial administration of chemotherapy (IAC) should be considered.

Objective

To describe a technique for superselective catheterization for IAC and to evaluate initial tumor response by ultrasonography after both IAC and intravenous administration of chemotherapy (IVC).

Animals

Client‐owned dogs with lower urinary tract neoplasia treated with either IVC (n = 15) or IAC (n = 11).

Methods

Retrospective study. An arterial approach via the carotid or femoral artery was utilized to obtain superselective access and administer chemotherapy in the IAC cases. Medical record review was performed, data were recorded, and recorded variables were evaluated statistically.

Results

Intraarterial chemotherapy was successfully administered in all cases. There was a significantly greater decrease in longest unidimensional measurement in the IAC group as compared to the IVC group (P = .013). The IAC group was also significantly more likely to have a tumor response as assessed by modified RECIST guidelines (P = .049). Dogs in the IAC group were significantly less likely to develop anemia (P = .001), lethargy (P = .010) and anorexia (P = .024).

Conclusion and Clinical Importance

This study demonstrated the feasibility and efficacy of performing IAC for lower urinary tract neoplasia. Further investigation is necessary as the follow‐up time was short and the impact on long‐term outcome and survival was not determined.     

玉米秸秆热值性状杂种优势及配合力分析

采用NCⅡ交配设计以13个玉米亲本自交系组配42个杂交组合，对其玉米秸秆热值性状的杂种优势及配合力进行分析。结果表明，热值、纤维素含量、和木质素含量3个指标性状表现出明显杂种优势，热值杂种优势与纤维素含量、木质素含量的杂种优势关系密切，但不受半纤维素含量杂种优势的影响。一般配合力方差和特殊配合力方差均达到1%的极显著水平，说明不同自交系间存在较大的遗传差异。X178、掖52106的热值、纤维素含量、木质素含量的一般配合力较大，而半纤维素含量一般配合力较低；沈137的热值、木质素含量的一般配合力较高，纤维素含量的一般配合力居中，半纤维素含量的一般配合力低；这3个亲本在培育高热值玉米杂交种上具有较大应用潜力。沈137×黄C、齐319×昌7-2在热值、木质素含量、纤维素含量等性状上具有较高的特殊配合力，产生较强的杂种优势。笔者认为，玉米秸秆热值可作为玉米育种的目标之一，改变只注重产量和品质育种的做法，选育和推广既高产、优质，又高热值的玉米杂交种，提高玉米综合经济效益。     

Development, anatomy, histology, lymphatic drainage, clinical features, and cell differentiation markers of canine mammary gland neoplasms

Mammary neoplasms are the most common neoplasm in female dogs. This article describes the embryologic development, normal anatomy, and histology of the canine mammary gland from the onset of first estrous and the changes that occur in the mammary gland during the estrus cycle. The clinical features of canine mammary gland tumors and their relation to prognosis are discussed, including age, hormones, breed, diet, and obesity. Additional clinical prognostic factors including clinical presentation, tumor size, and lymph node status at the time of presentation are discussed in relation to diagnosis and tumor staging. Immunohistochemical evaluation of the cell differentiation markers of the normal and neoplastic canine mammary gland is described and compared with similar studies in humans; the ways these markers may be used to assist with the prognosis of canine mammary neoplasms are discussed.     

Clinical,histopathological and immunohistochemical characterization of canine indolent lymphoma

Indolent lymphoma comprises up to 29% of all canine lymphoma; however, limited information exists regarding the subtypes and biological behaviour. This retrospective study describes the clinical characteristics, histopathological and immunohistochemical features, treatment, outcome and prognostic factors for 75 dogs with indolent lymphoma. WHO histopathological classification and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CD79a, CD3, Ki67 and P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) was performed. The most common histopathological subtype was T‐zone, 61.7%, (MST 33.5 months), followed by marginal zone, 25%, (MST 21.2 months), P = 0.542. The addition of IHC to preliminary histopathological classification resulted in a revised diagnosis in 20.4% of cases. The use of systemic treatment did not influence survival, P = 0.065. Dogs treated with chlorambucil and prednisone did not reach a MST, compared with a MST of 21.6 months with CHOP‐based chemotherapy, P = 0.057. The overall MST of 4.4 years confirms that this is indeed an indolent disease. However, the effect of systemic treatment must be determined through prospective trials.     

Canine mammary gland tumors.

The National Consensus Group recommends that all women with tumors larger than 1 cm be offered chemotherapy regardless of tumor histology of lymph node status. This recommendation is to ensure that everyone at risk for failing, even though the risk may be low in women with relatively small tumors and favorable histology, has a choice and receives the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy. This type of treatment recommendation may also be made in dogs based on recognized, well-accepted prognostic factors such as tumor size, stage, type, and histologic differentiation. Based on the limited clinical information available in veterinary medicine, the drugs that are effective in human breast cancer, such as cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, and doxorubicin, may also have a role in the treatment of malignant mammary gland tumors in dogs. Randomized prospective studies are needed, however, to evaluate the efficacy of chemotherapy in dogs with high-risk mammary gland tumors and to determine which drugs and protocols are the most efficacious. Until such studies are performed, the treatment of canine mammary gland tumors will be based on the individual oncologist's understanding of tumor biology, experience, interpretation of the available studies, and a little bit of gut-feeling. Table 2 is a proposal for treatment guidelines for malignant canine mammary gland tumors according to established prognostic factors, results from published veterinary studies, and current recommendations for breast cancer treatment in women.