菌种世代栽培效果的研究

研究结果表明，无论是香菇生料菌砖栽培，还是金针菇熟料袋栽，菌种世代的多少对产量均无明显的影响，这可能是由于菌种通过无性繁殖，遗传性变异甚小之故；研究结果还表明，金针菇菌丝生长的速度似乎有随着菌种工代的增多而加快的趋势，这窨是由于低代菌种自琼脂培养基移接天以杂本屑，棉籽壳等为主要原料的粗质培养基上的时间较短，适应酶的活性较弱，分解，利用高分子化合物的能力较差，故菌丝生长速度较为缓慢？还是由于其他原因     

贮藏中福桔果皮细胞结构的显微观察及果实理化成分测定

贮藏期间福桔果皮细胞始终具有分裂增殖能力,细胞生长的养分主要通过维管束向果肉吸取,因而促进果肉衰老,形成枯水.枯水果实在贮藏早期就发现果皮细胞层和油腔分泌细胞无丝分裂旺盛,双核细胞多,果皮增厚多.严重枯水时,果皮细胞还具细胞核、线粒体、有色体等超微结构,未枯水果实细胞分裂少见.经预贮后贮藏的果实,由于中断了果皮组织与维管束的联系,果皮细胞生长受抑制,果肉水分、养分消耗少,枯水率最低,     

日光温室内外金太阳杏光合特性的比较研究

为了探明杏对设施栽培的生理反应,对日光温室内外金太阳杏光合特性进行了比较研究。结果表明,日光温室栽培条件下,金太阳杏单位重量叶片的叶绿素含量增加;光(CO2)饱和点和光(CO2)补偿点降低鸦露地晴天净光合速率Pn日变化呈明显的双峰曲线,温室内也呈双峰线,但双峰出现原因不同。并且研究了影响光合作用的主要生态因子及变化规律,发现净光合速率与胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾作用、气温、叶温、光合有效辐射等因子相关。     

Malignant catarrhal fever-like disease in sheep after intranasal inoculation with ovine herpesvirus-2.

A malignant catarrhal fever (MCF)-like disease was induced experimentally in 3 sheep after aerosol inoculation with ovine herpesvirus-2 (OvHV-2). Each of 3 OvHV-2-negative sheep was nebulized with 2 ml of nasal secretions containing approximately 3.07 X 10(9) OvHV-2 DNA copies from a sheep experiencing an intensive viral-shedding episode. Ovine herpesvirus-2 DNA became detectable by polymerase chain reaction in the peripheral blood leukocytes of all 3 sheep within 3 days, and all 3 seroconverted between 6 and 8 days postinfection (PI). The sheep developed clinical signs, with copious mucopurulent nasal discharge and fever around 14 days PI. One of the 3 clinically affected sheep was euthanized at 18 days PI. Major lesions at necropsy were multifocal linear erosions and ulcers in mucosa of the cheeks, tongue, pharynx, and proximal esophagus and mild disseminated pneumonia. Microscopically, there was extensive moderate superficial histiocytic-lymphocytic rhinitis with epithelial dissociation and degeneration. Moderate multifocal histiocytic bronchointerstitial pneumonia was associated with loss of terminal bronchiolar epithelium. Lymphocytic vasculitis was present only in the lung. The remaining 2 sheep recovered clinically, approximately 25 days PI. The study revealed that clinical signs and lesions resembling MCF can develop when uninfected sheep are exposed to a high dose of aerosolized OvHV-2.     

Association of polymorphism of Fc receptor γ chain gene at position-29 in promoter with the susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus in southern Chinese

AIM:To detect the association between the polymorphism of Fc receptor γ chain gene at position-29 in promoter and systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).METHODS:The genotypes at position -29 in promoter of Fc receptor γ chain gene were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method in 180 patients with SLE and 140 ethnically matched controls in southern China.RESULTS:The frequencies of TT genotype(33.3%) and T allele (54.4%) at position -29 in patients with SLE were significantly higher than those in controls (17.2% and 42.9%, respectively), whereas, the frequencies of GG genotype (24.4%) and G allele (45.6%) in patients with SLE were remarkably lower than those in controls (31.4% and 57.1%, respectively) (P＜0.05). The TT genotype and T allele at position -29 were not associated with lupus nephritis in SLE patients (P＞0.05).CONCLUSION:Our results indicate that the T allele at position -29 in promoter of Fc receptor gene probably contributes to the susceptibility to SLE, but does not play a role in the occurrence of lupus nephritis.     

塔里木河流域生态环境恶化的水文效应

塔里木河是我国最大的内陆河。 4条源流出山口多年平均天然径流量 2 2 4 .9× 10 8m3 (195 7～ 2 0 0 1年 )。在全球变暖的大背景下 ,塔里木河流域山区气候出现变暖增湿的趋势 ,2 0世纪 90年代径流量达 2 4 1.9× 10 8m3 ,增幅 7.6 %。由于源流区人类开发利用水资源的影响 ,使得补给塔里木河干流的水量不断减少 ,水文条件改变 ,造成干流上、中游段耗水严重 ,导致下游生态与环境急剧退化。自 2 0 0 0年以来 ,实施的从开都河—博斯腾湖向下游绿色走廊应急输水 ,已使下游生态环境开始恢复生机。     

食用菌复合保水颗粒菌种生产工艺及其应用研究

运用微生物发酵技术，配合新型合成材料，研制出食用菌复合保水颗粒菌种。这类菌种可保持活力60d。这一工艺可用于糙皮侧耳、金针菇、灵芝、白灵菇、杏鲍菇、鸡腿蘑和鲍鱼菇等多种食用菌苗种的制作。栽培试验证明，此类菌种的菌丝生长速度、现蕾时间、生物学效率与常用的棉籽壳菌种相似。     

金耳的液体发酵研究

研究表明，金耳(Tremella aurantialba)液体发酵最适培养基组成为玉米粉2％，蔗糖3％，酵母膏0．1％，KH2PO40．1％，MgSO40．05％；培养基最佳初始pH、250mL三角瓶装量、接种量、种子菌龄分别是3．5、80mL、10％和120h；用10L发酵罐发酵时，最佳培养条件是种子种龄144h、28℃、接种量10％、通风量2．5L／min。     

真空渗入法转pinⅡ基因菜薹外源基因的遗传与表达

 本研究对利用真空渗入法获得的转bar基因及pinⅡ基因菜薹，进行了外源基因的遗传及表达情况分析。结果表明通过该方法获得的转基因植株，外源基因能够稳定遗传。bar基因在 代的分离大部分符合孟德尔遗传规律，但也有不符合的群体；pin II基因在 代中稳定表达，但各个株系之间的表达水平差异较大，因而各个株系的抗虫效果也具有显著差异，即使具有相同外源基因拷贝数的各个株系，其PIN I／蛋白表达量和抗虫效果也具有显著差异。     

检测砂梨潜隐病毒的IC-RT-PCR和TC-RT-PCR的研究

以砂梨为试材,在生物学和血清学检测的基础上,采用免疫捕作RT-PCR穴IC-RT-PCR雪和试管捕作RT-PCR穴TC-RT-PCR雪技术,对苹果褪绿叶斑病毒(Applechloroticleafspotvirus,ACLSV)和苹果茎沟病毒(Applestemgroovingvirus,ASGV)进行了检测分析。结果表明,TC/IC-RT-PCR均能有效检测梨粗提液中的ACLSV和ASGV,分别获得了大小约358bp和499bp的目标扩增片段;但IC-RT-PCR检测ACLSV的效果受到病毒分离株间血清学关系影响。与传统的RT-PCR相比,IC/TC-RT-PCR不仅灵敏度更高,而且不需提取总RNA,可以简化操作程序和减少苯酚、氯仿类有机试剂对人体的伤害和对环境的污染,适合于大量梨样品的病毒快速灵敏检测。